Fleschenburg

Fleschenburg
View of the Fleschenburg from the east, painting by Johann Kaspar Zehender , 1771
Alternative name (s):	Flessenburg, Flässenburg, Flessenhof
Creation time :	around 1200
Castle type :	Niederungsburg
Conservation status:	Burgstall
Standing position :	Order of St. John, clergy
Place:	Frankfurt am Main - Oberrad
Geographical location	50 ° 6 '6.5 "  N , 8 ° 43' 51.2"  E Coordinates: 50 ° 6 '6.5 "  N , 8 ° 43' 51.2"  E
Height:	105  m above sea level NN

The Fleschenburg (also Flessenburg , Flässenburg or Flessenhof) was a fortified courtyard northeast of today's Frankfurt district of Oberrad . The remains of the complex were removed around 1800. None of this is visible on site today.

history

The abandoned Niederungsburg was first mentioned in a document around 1200. The origins of the Fleschenburg are largely unknown. The name could go back to an otherwise unoccupied noble family von Flessen or it could be derived from the word flow . The moat of the fortified courtyard and the location in flat terrain below Oberrad on an oxbow river of the Main speak for the latter . This trench was fed by several springs emerging from the slope.

At the time it was first mentioned, it was already in the possession of the Order of St. John , who had owned the Johanniterhof with the St. John's Church in Frankfurt since 1293 . The Fleschenhof included 50 acres of land in the Oberräder district and on the footpath to Offenbach . Today's Gerbermühle, not far from Fleschenburg, was preceded by a similar aristocratic estate, the Wasserhof , and later Strahlberger Hof .

The Commentary of the Order of St. John in Frankfurt declares in 1420 that the city of Frankfurt allowed its order to graze sheep on the Fleschenburg farm in the city ​​forest .

The farm was mostly given to tenants , who can be traced back to 1432. The Johanniter probably mainly ran cattle here. Several documents can be seen that they repeated with the upper wheels and axes houses quarreled because of Mastungs - or grazing rights in the city forest .

The Archbishop of Mainz, Berthold von Henneberg , had the moat of the moated castle leveled and the tower demolished after the murder of a clergyman in 1490.

The conditions on the farm gave cause for complications on several occasions. In 1608, the mayor of Oberräder reported suspicious persons to the council who were supposed to be in the yard. In 1683 the court property was measured by Konrad Lauff , the then mayor of Oberrad.

In 1726 the tenant owed the taxes for cattle drive and cattle benefice . Police measures are documented for the years 1737, 1766, 1774, 1775, 1777 and 1781, mostly because unreported or even wanted persons were there. In 1781 a land clerk complained that the Fleschenhof was being rented out in an unbelievable manner and that all kinds of rabble were allowed to stay there. But the local authorities mostly acted cautiously so as not to come into conflict with the Johanniter .

The condition of the facility was also poor at this time, with the buildings becoming increasingly dilapidated. After 1800 the Fleschenhof was finally leased for demolition, the stones were used for road construction, and the remains of the still existing moats were leveled. The floor plan of the courtyard is preserved on a district map from 1736 in the Frankfurt Institute for Urban History . Bottle castle street in Oberrad is named after the farm .

literature

• Helmut Bode: Frankfurt saga treasure. Legendary and fabulous stories from the sources and older collections as well as the Lersner Chronicle, retold by Helmut Bode. Waldemar Kramer publishing house, Frankfurt a. M., second edition 1986, pp. 95f. ISBN 3-7829-0209-2 .
• Rudolf Knappe: Medieval castles in Hessen. 800 castles, castle ruins and fortifications. 3. Edition. Wartberg-Verlag, Gudensberg-Gleichen 2000, ISBN 3-86134-228-6 , p. 399.
• Friedrich Lauf: Oberrad: small chronicle of a village and city district. Frankfurter Sparkasse von 1822, Frankfurt 1980, pp. 180-183.
• Müller, Starkenburg, p. 191
• Siegfried Nassauer: Castles and fortified manors around Frankfurt a. M .: their history and wars , Verlag der Goldsteinschen Buchhandlung, Frankfurt am Main 1916, 367 pages; P. 303

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d} Fleschenburg, City of Frankfurt am Main. Historical local dictionary for Hesse (as of September 3, 2014). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS). Hessian State Office for Historical Cultural Studies (HLGL), accessed on September 24, 2014 . 
2. ↑ Knappe 2000, p. 399; Friedrich Lauf 1980 p. 180.
3. ↑ Friedrich Lauf 1980 p. 180.
4. ↑ Friedrich Lauf 1980 p. 182.

Web links

• Fleschenburg, City of Frankfurt am Main. Historical local lexicon for Hesse (as of July 23, 2012). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS). Hessian State Office for Historical Cultural Studies (HLGL), accessed on October 17, 2013 .