Wood chip
Wood chips are chips made of wood . They are a by- product or waste product in the machining of wood in sawmills and in other areas of the woodworking industry as well as in the home. Wood chips are usually referred to as sawdust when sawing and as wood chips when planing .
Sawdust is also produced when sawing. In the technical language, this fine wood flour is not counted as wood chips. In general, "sawdust" is also used to refer to the mixture of sawdust and sawdust that is produced during sawing. When sawing with a chainsaw , this "sawdust" mainly contains chips, while sawing with a fretsaw almost none.
Wood chips are mainly processed into chipboard , used loose or as panels for thermal insulation or burned as an energy source. Wood flour can be obtained from them by further shredding. The possible uses of wood chips and wood flour are partly the same, for example in the production of wood pellets .
Specially made, particularly long, flexible and low-splintering chips are also known as wood wool .
description
The sizes and shapes of wood chips are diverse. Wood shavings can be long strips of wood that roll up when planed (see picture above), but also shorter or very narrow strips. There are also pointed and lumpy shapes (for example, pencil-shaped or wood flakes). Sawdust is much smaller than wood shavings. The boundary between sawdust and sawdust cannot be precisely determined.
Regardless of the size of the pieces, they may contain bark or the chips are made from barkless wood.
In sawn timber production, the amount of sawn timber is around 60% of the main product sawn timber. In Germany, a good third of the annual volume of sawmill by-products of around 17.0 million cubic meters occurs as sawdust and sawdust, more than half are wood chips and the rest are rinds and splinters.
use
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The amounts of wood chips that accumulate in Germany are practically completely used. Wood chips are an essential part of chipboard .
For thermal insulation , wood shavings from spruce and fir wood are processed into various natural insulation materials : Loose wood shavings and the wood fibers produced from them are used as blown or bulk insulation , wood fibers are processed into sheet material and come onto the market as wood wool lightweight panels and wood fiber insulation panels .
For the most part, wood shavings are used as fuel for energy , although processing into a wood-based material means greater added value . The demand for wood pellets and wood briquettes is increasing, thus increasing the demand for the raw material wood.
The wood pulp and pulp industry processes comparatively small amounts of industrial waste wood, but the wood used to produce the pulp or wood pulp is also chipped and then processed.
Wood shavings and sawdust are also used directly as animal litter .
A product of the handicraft is the chipboard . The wood chip known as fidibus, the thickness of a match, is used in the so-called glow chip test . In the 19th century there were fidibuses, which consisted of a long, helical , pointed piece of wood. They were used to transport a flame around the home and made on Fidibus planes .
history
After entire rows of houses burned down in many villages, strict regulations were issued in the 18th century under Count Palatine Karl IV to prevent a fire, which also regulated the removal of wood chips every evening in the workshops of the carpenters , Wagner and Bender .
See also
literature
- Industrial waste wood. In: Martin Kaltschmitt, Hans Hartmann, Hermann Hofbauer (Hrsg.): Energy from biomass. Basics, techniques and procedures. Springer Verlag, Berlin and Heidelberg 2009, pp. 141-143, ISBN 978-3-540-85094-6 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Duden online: wood chips , sawdust and wood chips ; see. also chip
- ↑ Duden online: sawdust and wood flour
- ↑ Sawdust / sawdust ( Memento from May 18, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) www.seeger-vertrieb.de. Quote: “The fine material is called sawdust. Depending on the size of the chips, one speaks of sawdust. "
- ↑ Production of wood pellets holzpellets-austria.at. Quote: "Pellets are made from sawdust or sawdust."
- ↑ Udo Mantau, 2008: Development of the material and energetic use of wood. University of Hamburg, Wood Industry Center. ( pdf ( Memento of the original from February 1, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this note. )
- ^ Udo Mantau, Holger Weimar, Christian Sörgel: Wood raw material balance Germany, inventory 2002. Project presentation.
- ↑ Fachagentur Nachwachsende Rohstoffe eV, 2009: Insulating materials from renewable raw materials. 3rd edition, pp. 17-23.
- ↑ Industrial waste wood . In: Martin Kaltschmitt, Hans Hartmann, Hermann Hofbauer (Hrsg.): Energy from biomass. Basics, techniques and procedures. Springer Verlag, Berlin and Heidelberg 2009; Pp. 141-143, ISBN 978-3-540-85094-6 .
- ^ Franz-Josef Sehr : The fire extinguishing system in Obertiefenbach from earlier times . In: Yearbook for the Limburg-Weilburg district 1994 . The district committee of the Limburg-Weilburg district, Limburg-Weilburg 1993, p. 151-153 .
