Hongdo (Korea Street)

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Hongdo
Waters Korea Street
Geographical location 34 ° 31 '52 "  N , 128 ° 43' 53"  E Coordinates: 34 ° 31 '52 "  N , 128 ° 43' 53"  E
Hongdo (Korea Street) (South Korea)
Hongdo (Korea Street)
length 600 m
width 356 m
surface 9.8 ha
Highest elevation 115  m

Korean spelling
Korean alphabet : 홍도
Hanja : 紅 島
Revised Romanization : Hongdo
McCune-Reischauer : Hongto

Hongdo ( Korean 홍도 ) is an island in Gyeongsangnam-do Province ( 경상남도 ) off the southeast coast of South Korea .

geography

The island is located 75 km south-southwest of Busan ( 부산 광역시 ) and about 45 km southeast of Tongyeong ( 통영시 ) in the Korea Strait ( 대한 해협 ) that the northeast lies the Sea of Japan to the southwest located the East China Sea connects. East of Hongdo is the Japanese island of Tsushima (( 馬 ). Around Hongdo there are five other smaller rock islands in the immediate vicinity.

The 98,380 m² island is around 600 m long and at its widest point measures around 356 m. The highest elevation at 115  m is in the south-eastern part of the island, with the cliffs having steep slopes of more than 45 °.

Seagull colony

The island of Hongdo is known in South Korea as the preferred breeding colony of the Gwaengigalmaegi ( 괭이 갈매기 ), a species of seagull that is mainly native to Korea , Japan , China and parts of Russia and in German-language literature under Japanese seagull ( Larus crassirostris ) and in English under Black -tailed Gull being led. In addition to Hongdo, the islands of Dokdo ( 독도 ), Nando ( 난도 ), Baengnyeongdo ( 백령도 ), Chilsando ( 칠산도 ) and Chilbaldo ( 칠발도 ) offer similarly good conditions for the birds and are therefore all designated as protected areas in South Korea.

The rocky, steep cliffs of Hongdo Island and its remoteness offer birds ideal conditions to raise their offspring from April to August with a maximum of 30.5 ° C and 340 mm of precipitation (April to July). The seagulls arrive on the island in the early spring months of February to March and start breeding in April. No other seabirds come to the island except them. In the 1995 season, about 10,000 breeding pairs were counted; Although more up-to-date data are currently not available, scientists assume that the bird population has now increased.

flora

A species of sour grass family ( Carex boottiana ) typical of the island is used by birds to build nests . Camellia japonica , Opuntia ficus-indica , Aster spathulifolius and Taraxacum mongolicum are other plant species that are native to the island.

literature

  • Who-Seung Lee and four others: Multivariate analysis and self-organizing mapping applied to analysis of nest-site selection in Black-tailed Gulls . In: Ecological Modeling . 193 , 2006, pp. 601–614 , doi : 10.1016 / j.ecolmodel.2005.08.043 (English, online [PDF; 914 kB ; accessed on November 26, 2017]).
  • Who-Seung Lee, Young-Soo Kwon, Jeong-Chil Yoo : Status of the Breeding Population of Black-tailes Gulls on Hongdo Island, Korea . In: Pacific Seabirds . Volume 32 Number 1 . Pacific Seabirds Group , 2005, p. 1–45 (English, online [PDF; 3.4 MB ; accessed on November 26, 2017]).

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Lee et al. four more: Multivariate analysis ... . In: Ecological Modeling . 2006, p.  604 (English).
  2. ↑ Coordinates and longitudes were partly made using Google Earth Pro version 7.3.0.3832 on November 26, 2017.
  3. ↑ a b c Lee u. four more: Multivariate analysis ... . In: Ecological Modeling . 2006, p.  603 (English).
  4. ↑ a b c Lee, Kwon, Yoo : Status of the breeding population ... . In: Pacific Seabirds . 2005, p.  2 (English).
  5. ↑ Lee, Kwon, Yoo : Status of the breeding population ... . In: Pacific Seabirds . 2005, p.  3 (English).