Honorius II (antipope)

Pietro Cadalus of Parma († 1071 or 1072 ) was from October 28, 1061 to Pentecost 1064 (1072) under the name of Honorius II. Antipope to Pope Alexander II.

After the death of Pope Nicholas II , the reform party at the time, led by the archdeacon Hildebrand, who later became Pope Gregory VII , elected Anselmo da Baggio , from the Milanese nobility, as Alexander II.

The imperial party in Germany was not involved in the survey and thereupon elected the former chancellor of Emperor Heinrich III , who came from the Veronese nobility . and now Bishop of Parma , Pietro Cadalus, who took the name Honorius II .

The policy of Empress Agnes , the widow of Heinrich III., Remained inconsistent, however, because she subsequently failed to actively support Honorius' claim to the tiara . Nevertheless, Pietro Cadalus managed to enter Rome by force in April 1062.

But already in May he was forced by Duke Gottfried von Lorraine , the Margrave of Tuscia , to retire to Parma. At the same time, Alexander II was urged to return to his diocese of Lucca until the German king, Henry IV , had made a decision on the matter.

In the meantime, however, the twelve-year-old Heinrich IV had been brought into his power by Archbishop Anno of Cologne ( coup d'etat of Kaiserswerth ).

At the Synod of Augsburg in October 1062, a review of the legality of the election of Alexander II was ordered. After the envoy Annos, Bishop Burchard II of Halberstadt , had declared the election of Alexander lawful, he was recognized as a legitimate Pope in 1063 and Honorius was excommunicated at the same time. At the Synod of Mantua in 1064 this decision was officially confirmed and Honorius II was banned. The German bishops also recognized Alexander II as legitimate.

Pietro Cadalus returned to Lombardy , but did not give up his claim to the Holy See until his death, but he was no longer able to actively intervene in politics.

literature

• Friedrich Wilhelm Bautz :  Honorius II. In: Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL). Volume 2, Bautz, Hamm 1990, ISBN 3-88309-032-8 , Sp. 1031-1032.
• Simonetta Cerrini:  ONORIO II, antipapa. In: Raffaele Romanelli (ed.): Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani (DBI). Volume 79:  Nursio – Ottolini Visconti. Istituto della Enciclopedia Italiana, Rome 2013.
• Simonetta Cerrini:  ONORIO II, antipapa. In: Massimo Bray (ed.): Enciclopedia dei Papi. Rome 2000 ( treccani.it ).
• Thomas Oestereich:  Cadalous . In: Catholic Encyclopedia , Volume 3, Robert Appleton Company, New York 1908.
• Franz Xaver Seppelt : History of the Popes . Vol. 3. Kösel Verlag, Munich 1956, pp. 50–56.