Burchard II of Halberstadt

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Burchard von Veltheim (* around 1028 ; † April 7, 1088 in the Ilsenburg Monastery ; also: Bucco , Buko etc.) was a German cleric and, as Burchard II, Bishop of Halberstadt .

Life

Burchard comes from the noble family von Veltheim and was a nephew of the archbishops Anno II of Cologne and Werner von Magdeburg . In 1057 he became provost of the “St. Simon and Juda ” in Goslar and then in 1059 through the intervention of his uncle Anno, the archbishop of Cologne , consecrated as the successor of Burchard I of Halberstadt as bishop of the Halberstadt diocese . In 1062 the German-Italian Synod of Augsburg decided to send Burchard , who was also favored by Empress Agnes , to Rome .

In the dispute over the election of the Pope, he mediated between Pope Alexander II and the antipope Honorius II on behalf of King Henry IV. Although the latter was close to the German crown, Burchard declared Alexander, who was favored by Hildebrand, who later became Pope Gregory VII to the rightful bishop of Rome and received the pallium from him in thanks .

In the winter of 1067/1068 the bishop led a campaign against the pagan Lutizen . He penetrated to their sanctuary Rethra near the Tollensesee , destroyed the temple and rode home on the holy horse. With this act he immensely humiliated the heathen. The Ann report on this campaign. Augustani a. 1068., Bertholdi Ann. a. 1067 and Bernoldi Chron. A. 1067.

Bishop Burchard II founded the Huysburg Monastery in 1070 and the Canonical Monastery of St. Paul in Halberstadt in 1071 . In the same year he was able to consecrate Halberstadt Cathedral, which was restored after the fire in 1060 . Whitsun 1071 he received the king in Halberstadt for the consecration of the cathedral, which was burned down and rebuilt in 1060. Here he accepted the submission of the deposed Bavarian Duke Otto von Northeim and other Saxons.

In 1073, during the Saxon uprising , Burchard found himself openly in opposition to Heinrich IV and was therefore arrested by imperial troops on June 13, 1075 at the Battle of Homburg on the Unstrut and finally handed over to the Bishop of Bamberg as a prisoner. In 1076 he was exiled to Hungary . On the way, Burchard managed to escape and returned to Halberstadt in the same year. From now on, Burchard stood openly on the side of all opponents of the emperor, such as Rudolf von Schwaben or Hermann von Salm . The conflict between Heinrich IV. And Bishop Burchard II., The very changeable relationship between the two personalities and the motives and interests for it has always stimulated research into intensive occupation.

A synod of Mainz deposed Burchard in 1085, he was ousted from his diocese and in the summer of 1085 had to hand over his city to the imperial counter-bishop Hamezo for a short time. On June 5, 1087, after nine years of construction, Bishop Burchard inaugurated the new monastery church in Ilsenburg . From March 1088 he was involved in a dispute with the Margrave Ekbert von Meißen , who devastated the semi-urban area. Burchard sought support from other Saxon princes. When he arrived in Goslar on April 6, 1088 , Archbishop Hartwig, Count Kuno von Beichlingen and other princes were present who wanted to assist the Halberstadt bishop. The same day the bishop was badly wounded by a spear that pierced his chest during a riot in Goslar. The supporters of the bishop succeeded in bringing him to Ilsenburg on the night of April 6th, 1088. He died on April 7, 1088 in the Ilsenburg monastery and was buried there in the monastery church.

According to legend, Burchard is said to have loved children. In this context, a (originally Low German ) lullaby was created, which has been handed down in various variations in the area around Halberstadt , Magdeburg and Mansfeld :

Buko von Halberstadt,
bring wat to our child!
What should I bring him?
Red shoes with rings,
sugar, raisins and almond kernels, that is
what our child likes to eat.
Eia popeia!

In troubled times, two parties fought for the bishopric. The imperial party stood up for the canon Friedrich, the opposing party supported Herrad . The latter was elected bishop in 1090, recognized by Pope Urban II and awarded the pallium for three years .

literature

Individual evidence

  1. Michael Kleinen: Bishop Burchard II of Halberstadt (1059-1088) Anti-royal politics and monastery reforms - two sides of the same coin? Phil. Diss. Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg 2001, p. 82.
  2. Michael Kleinen: Bishop Burchard II of Halberstadt (1059-1088) Anti-royal politics and monastery reforms - two sides of the same coin? Phil. Diss. Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg 2001, chap. II.
  3. ^ Dieter Pöschke: Ilsenburg Monastery. History, architecture, library. Wernigerode, Berlin 2004, pp. 36–39.
  4. ^ Johann Karl Christoph Nachtigal: Volcks sagas . Friedrich Wilmans , Bremen 1800, p. 45.
  5. Gustav A. Ritter: Deutsche Sagen . Merkur publishing house, Berlin 1904.
  6. ^ Helmut Beumann: On the pontifical insignia and the understanding of office of the bishops of Halberstadt in the high Middle Ages. In: Sachsen and Anhalt 18 (1994) pp. 9–49.
predecessor Office successor
Burchard I. Bishop of Halberstadt
1059-1088
Dietmar