Horus way
| Horus way in hieroglyphics | ||||||
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wat-Hor w3t-Ḥr The way of Horus |
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The Horus Way ( ancient Egyptian wat-Hor ) referred to the ancient Egyptian trade route and the line of defense.
In the early dynastic period and in the Old Kingdom , the Horus Trail led from the northeastern Nile Delta to what was then the primary target area of the turquoise mines on the Sinai Peninsula ; later via Pelusium to Gaza .
Route
Early Dynastic Period to the Middle Kingdom
In the Old and Middle Kingdom , the Horus Trail in the Iuntiu area had this route compared to the time from the New Kingdom :
- Minschat Abu Omar ( Pelusian arm of the Nile )
- Tell el-Ginn (Pelusian arm of the Nile)
- El Beda
- Sinai
New Kingdom to Greco-Roman times
The region around the fortress of Sile formed in the New Kingdom initially from the 18th dynasty under Thutmose III. the new starting point of the Horusweg, which led to the Retjenu region as the main trade route for campaigns or expeditions .
 
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The Horus Way from the New Kingdom in Egypt |
The defense line served to protect against possible attacks on Egypt and has been used in particular since the Hyksos were expelled in the 16th century BC. Extensive development through the construction of forts and fortifications .
Under Ramses II , Pi-Ramesse was the new starting point of the Horus Trail, which led under Merenptah over the region of his fortifications in Tjeku . The route therefore included the following new stations:
See also
literature
- Manfred Bietak , Josef Dorner: Tell el-Dab'a - The place of discovery in the context of an archaeological-geographical investigation of the Egyptian eastern delta - . Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna 1975, ISBN 3-7001-0136-8
- Rainer Hannig : Large concise dictionary of Egyptian-German (2800–950 BC) (= cultural history of the ancient world . Vol. 64). Marburg Edition, 4th, revised edition. von Zabern, Mainz 2006, ISBN 3-8053-1771-9 .
- James K. Hoffmeier: Ancient Israel in Sinai. The evidence for the authenticity of the wilderness tradition. Oxford University Press, Oxford et al. 2005, ISBN 0-19-515546-7 .