Howard Eugster

Howard Eugster-Züst (born November 14, 1861 in New York , † April 18, 1932 in memory ) was a religious-socialist Swiss editor and politician .

Life

After the mother's death, the family returned to Switzerland from the USA in 1865. In 1866 the father also died. Eugster grew up in the care of the pastor Gottlieb Lutz , who raised him in a pietistic-conservative spirit. His brother was the politician Arthur Eugster .

After attending the private Lerberschule in Bern , Eugster studied theology in Neuchâtel , Basel , Tübingen and Berlin from 1883 to 1887 . In 1887 he married Anna Theodora Eugster-Züst (1860–1938), with whom he had seven children. One son was the geologist and teacher Hermann Eugster (1893-1984).

Eduard Boss : The speaker (wall painting, excerpt) in the Volkshaus Bern

From 1887 to 1909 Howard Eugster-Züst worked as a pastor in Hundwil . Under the influence of Christoph Blumhardt , he turned away from orthodox pietism, became involved as a Christian in the social democracy and became known as the “weaver priest”. Following the wage movement of Appenzell weavers in 1899 he founded in 1900 the Appenzeller Weber Association . Until 1908 he was this president. From 1901 to 1913 he was editor of the Ostschweizerische Industriezeitung and the textile worker .

In 1903 Eugster was one of the founders of the Swiss Textile Workers' Association, from 1908 to 1913 he was its full-time president. In addition to his trade union work, Eugster soon rose to become the leading head of Appenzell. Social Democracy (until 1913 Appenzell. Labor Party). From 1900 to 1913 he represented the party in the Cantonal Council , from 1908 to 1932 he was a member of the National Council, from 1913 to 1931 he was a member of the government of the Canton of Appenzell Ausserrhoden , where he headed the Department of Economic Affairs for many years.

The main focus of his political work was social legislation . At the cantonal level, Eugster campaigned for provisions to protect women workers, for the containment of child labor and for vocational training. He created a pension fund for teachers and government employees, promoted cantonal old-age insurance, the expansion of tuberculosis care and foster care.

At the federal level, Eugster fought for the revision of the Factory Act of 1877 and the introduction of old-age and survivors' insurance. In addition, he was "a former advocate of community service for draft evaders ".

The Bernese painter Eduard Boss set Howard Eugster-Züst a pictorial monument in 1913/14 with the mural The Orator . According to contemporary witnesses, the central figure in the picture represents the well-known “weaver priest”. The painting adorned the union hall of the Volkshaus Bern ; It hangs today in the Volkshaus 1914 restaurant .

Works

Appenzell Chronicle from the years 1893 and 1894 , Trogen: [sn] 1895.
Appenzell's entry into the Confederation. In: Yearbook for Swiss History , Vol. 23, 1898. pp. 89–112. ( Digitized version )
Community nursing in the canton of Appenzell A.Rh. , Trogen: U. Kübler 1901, 23 pages.
The women's night work in the embroidery industry in the canton of Appenzell Ausser-Rhoden, taking into account the auxiliary industries ... Report ... by Pastor H [oward] Eugster, Hundwil. In: Fridolin Schuler, The Night Work of Women in Switzerland . Report of the Swiss section to the international employment office. Presentation of the old factory inspector Dr. F. Schuler, (Mollis), [Jena]: [Gustav Fischer] [1903], pp. 13-18: Appendix.
Commercial night work for women . Reports on their scope and their legal regulation by Miss Adelaide M. Anderson, British chief factory inspector, the Belgian employment office in Brussels, ... Trade inspector Dr. Hermann Blocher in Basel, ... Pastor H [oward] Eugster in Hundwil, ... Factory inspector Dr. F [ridolin] Schuler in Mollis, ... Gottlieb Vogt in Solothurn ... Introduced and published on behalf of the international association for statutory worker protection. by Prof. Dr. Stephan Bauer, Director of the International Labor Office in Basel, Jena: Gustav Fischer; Bern: A. Francke; Paris: Le Soudier 1903, 400 pages.
Is a wage increase in the satin stitch weaving (raw article) necessary? [Rheineck]: [Indermaur] 1903, 16 pages.
The early marriages and working from home with special consideration of the canton of Appenzell A.-Rh. , Bern: Buchdr. Scheitlin, Spring & Cie 1909, 22 pages.
Does a unionized worker have to be a social democrat? Presentation given at the Swiss Congress. Federation of trade unions September 23, 24 and 25, 1911 in St. Gallen on the topic: Trade union and party, Zurich: Buchhandlung des Schweizer. Grütlivereins 1912, 40 pages.
The unemployment insurance. Motives for the justification of the social democratic motion, which was declared considerably by the Federal Assembly in the summer of 1913 , compiled and explained by Howard Eugster, Bern: Unionsdruckerei (cooperative) 1913, 39 pages.
For the 25th anniversary of Switzerland. Plattstichweber Association , written at the request of the assembly of delegates for the anniversary celebration on Ascension Day in 1925, St.Gallen: Volksstimme 1926, 52 pages.
The woman as worker, mother and citizen (Corr.). In: Allgemeiner Anzeiger , November 26, 1929 (lecture to a gathering of textile workers in Heiden).
Politics from the succession: the correspondence between Howard Eugster-Züst and Christoph Blumhardt, 1886-1919 , theological introduction by Arthur Rich; ed. by Louis Specker, Zurich: Gotthelf-Verlag 1984, 445 pages.

literature

Renate Bräuniger, mergers around 1900 in Appenzell Ausserrhoden . In: FrauenLeben Appenzell. Contributions to the history of women in Appenzellerland, 19th and 20th centuries , ed. v. Renate Bräuniger, Herisau: Appenzeller Verlag 1999, pp. 122–164 (with references to sources and literature and two portrait photos by Howard Eugster).
Franz Schmidt, "The Weaver Pastor" Howard Eugster-Züst. From his life and work , 2nd edition, Trogen: [H. Eugster] 1961, 91 pages.
Louis Specker , "We have to be the gospel, not preach it" , Howard Eugster-Züst, Trogen: Cantonal Library Appenzell Ausserrhoden 2008, 39 pages.
Louis Specker, Pastor Howard Eugster-Züst 1861–1932: The life and work of the father of the Swiss Textile Workers' Organization , Fehr'sche Buchhandlung, St. Gallen 1975. 384 pages. ( Digitized version )

Hanspeter Strebel, Landammann Arthur Eugster, weaver pastor Howard Eugster: two brothers from Speicher, who each helped shape the history of Ausserrhoden in their own way . Accompanying document to an exhibition in the Museum of Life Stories in Hof Speicher, [24. September 2007 - April 7, 2008], [Speicher]: Museum for Life Stories in Hof Speicher 2007, 35 pages.

Web links

Publications by and about Howard Eugster in the Helveticat catalog of the Swiss National Library
Literature by and about Howard Eugster in the catalog of the German National Library

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p Hermann Wichers : Eugster, Howard. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
^ Renate Bräuniger: Anna Theodora Eugster-Züst. In: FrauenLeben Appenzell. Contributions to the history of women in Appenzellerland, 19th and 20th centuries , ed. v. Renate Bräuniger, Herisau: Appenzeller Verlag 1999, pp. 304-310 (with sources and literature references and a portrait photo)

personal data
SURNAME	Eugster, Howard
ALTERNATIVE NAMES	Eugster-Züst, Howard
BRIEF DESCRIPTION	religious-socialist editor and politician
DATE OF BIRTH	November 14, 1861
PLACE OF BIRTH	new York
DATE OF DEATH	April 18, 1932
Place of death	Storage

[hls-1] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p Hermann Wichers : Eugster, Howard. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .

[2] Renate Bräuniger: Anna Theodora Eugster-Züst. In: FrauenLeben Appenzell. Contributions to the history of women in Appenzellerland, 19th and 20th centuries , ed. v. Renate Bräuniger, Herisau: Appenzeller Verlag 1999, pp. 304-310 (with sources and literature references and a portrait photo)