Huaceae
| Huaceae | ||||||||||||
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Afrostyrax kamerunensis |
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Huaceae | ||||||||||||
| A.Chev. |
The Huaceae are a small family in the order of the wood sorrel (Oxalidales) within the flowering plants (Magnoliopsida). The only three species are native to tropical Africa.
description
The three species in the family are evergreen woody plants: trees , shrubs, or lianas . The plants smell like garlic . The alternate, two-line, short-stalked leaves have a simple leaf blade with an imperforate leaf margin. The stomata are paracytic. The stipules fall off early; they are small in Hua and somewhat larger in Afrostyrax .
The flowers can be grouped in clustered, little-flowered inflorescences or stand individually. The small, radial symmetry flowers are hermaphroditic and four or five-fold. The (four) mostly five petals are hairy. There are two circles with four or five free, fertile stamens each. Five carpels have become a top permanent ovary grown, with a pen and a small scar.
There are stone fruits or fruit capsules formed containing only a large seed. The well-trained embryo has two broad, flattened cotyledons ( cotyledons ).
Occurrence
The distribution area of the Huaceae family is in tropical Africa (West to Central Africa). Their representatives thrive in rainforests .
Systematics
The Huaceae family was established in 1947 by Auguste Jean Baptiste Chevalier in Revue international de botanique appliquée et d'agriculture tropicale , 27, p. 28. Type genus is Hua Pierre ex De Wild.
The position of the Huaceae within the Magnoliopsida was controversial, so they were placed in the order of the Malvales (for example in Baas 1972 or Takhtajan 1997) or Violales (in Cronquist 1981) or not assigned to any order (in APG I and II). Molecular genetic studies have shown that the Huaceae are the sister group of the other wood sorrel species (Oxalidales) and are therefore assigned to this order by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group in 2009.
There are only two genera with a total of three species in the Huaceae family:
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Afrostyrax Perkins & Gilg : Stone fruits are formed:
- Afrostyrax lepidophyllus Mildbr. : It is native to Cameroon , Gabon and Ghana . This species is threatened by habitat loss.
- Afrostyrax kamerunensis Perkins & Gilg
- Afrostyrax macranthus Mildbr.
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Hua Pierre ex De Wild. : Capsule fruits are formed:
- Hua gabonii Pierre ex De Wild. : It occurs in Gabon and Zaire .
use
All three types are used for seasoning in Africa because of their garlic-like taste. The bark is used for this purpose by all three species. The leaves and seeds of Hua gabonii and the roots of Afrostyrax lepidophyllus are used to flavor sauces . The bark is also used in folk medicine.
swell
- Huaceae on the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.
- The family of huaceae in APWebsite. (Section description and systematics)
- The Huaceae family at DELTA - Families of flowering Plants by Watson & Dallwitz. (Section description)
Individual evidence
- ^ Huaceae at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
- ↑ Angiosperm Phylogeny Group : An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III. In: Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. Volume 161, No. 2, 2009, pp. 105-121, DOI: 10.1111 / j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x .
- ↑ Hua in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved May 9, 2017.
- ↑ Xiaogen Yang, Dave Josephson, Jeff Peppet, Robert Eilerman, Willi Grab, Klaus Gassenmeier: Headspace Aroma of "Wild Onion" Trees. In: Arthur M. Spanier: Food Flavors and Chemistry: Advances of the New Millennium. Royal Society of Chemistry, 2001, ISBN 0-85404-875-8 , pp. 266-273, limited preview in Google book search.