Hualewjonken

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The Hualewjonken [in Amrum: ˈhua̯laʊ̯ˌjoŋkən ] ( Fering / Öömrang ; German: "Halbdunkeln") is a custom of the North Frisians on the North Sea islands of Föhr and Amrum . It originated in privately organized nautical schools.

history

At the time of the Greenland voyage , when numerous seafarers from Föhr and Amrum were working as whalers in the summer , several nautical schools were established, especially on Föhr. They were mostly visited by unmarried men. The first private nautical school on Föhr was founded by the pastor Richardus Petri (1597–1678) from St. Laurentii in Süderende , who himself never went to sea. There were other seafaring schools in Oevenum , for example , where Ocke Tückis (1688–1769) taught hundreds of seafarers and wrote two nationally distributed textbooks on navigation theory under his Dutch name Ariaan Teunisz . The oldsumer Hinrich Brarens (1751–1811) taught mathematically oriented topics such as navigation and astronomy as well as aspects such as business administration and personnel management . Further nautical schools were established on Sylt - by a pastor from Föhr - and on the mainland in Fahretoft , where Hans Momsen ran the school. The schools were privately organized and operated mainly in the winter months. The fees were low. The schools were mostly run by former commanders or pastors, but the students also came together without teachers. The nautical schools contributed to the fact that the number of highly qualified seafarers on the islands was very high. In 1789 there were 110 skippers and 74 helmsmen on Föhr.

The gatherings of the unmarried sailors on that dusk afternoon were called Hualewjonken . With the decline of whaling around this time and the closure of schools by the Prussian rulers after 1867, the Hualewjonken also changed to a meeting of farmers later in the evening. The focus was on sociability. The custom of Üütjschiten (" shooting out ") belonged to the Hualewjonken on Föhr . An unmarried man, who was found for the seventh time with a woman in her house, was given the choice by the members of the Hualewjonken after a few shots in the air, whether to become engaged to the woman and to invite the other members to drink or in the Cart to be driven through the village.

On Föhr and Amrum there are still Hualewjonken groups of men who meet for socializing. The groups in Oldsum and Borgsum auf Föhr are organized as associations and consist of confirmed , unmarried men under 30 years of age. The Oldsumer Group has been in existence formally since 1885. There are other Föhrer groups in Alkersum and Oevenum .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Hualewjonken in Oldsum auf Föhr , accessed on February 8, 2016
  2. ^ Volkert I. Faltings: Föhrer Greenland trip in the 18th and 19th centuries. Jens Quedens, Amrum 2011, ISBN 978-3-924422-95-0 , p. 23
  3. ^ Volkert I. Faltings: Föhrer Greenland trip in the 18th and 19th centuries. Jens Quedens, Amrum 2011, ISBN 978-3-924422-95-0 , p. 28
  4. ↑ Jakob Tholund : History of the island of Föhr. In: Margot and Nico Hansen (eds.): Föhr. History and shape of an island. Hansen & Hansen, Münsterdorf 1971, without ISBN.
  5. ^ Volkert I. Faltings: Föhrer Greenland trip in the 18th and 19th centuries. Jens Quedens, Amrum 2011, ISBN 978-3-924422-95-0 , p. 30
  6. ↑ Föhrer Customs at www.jswis.de , accessed on February 14, 2013
  7. ↑ Oldsums Hualewjonken preserves the tradition at www.shz.de on April 20, 2010, accessed on February 14, 2013