Hugo X of Lusignan

Hugo X. of Lusignan , called the Brown ( Le Brun ) (1200 attested; † June 5, 1249 ) was Lord of Lusignan , Count of La Marche and Angoulême . He was the only son of Hugo IX. by Lusignan and Agathe von Preuilly.

biography

Hugo took part with his father in the Crusade of Damiette , on which his father died in 1219, whereupon Hugo succeeded him as Lord of Lusignan and Count of La Marche. A year later, in March or April 1220, he married Isabella von Angoulême , who had once been engaged to his father and who, as the widow of the English King Johann Ohneland, was now living on her home estate again, which then passed into the hands of the Lusignans. The interim engagement with her daughter, Johanna von England , was dropped.

In the following years, Hugo supported King Louis VIII of France in his fight against the Plantagenets. He was not very successful as a general in Gascony against his stepson Richard of Cornwall , but received Saint-Jean-d'Angély and parts of the Aunis from the king as pledge. However, under the impression of the strengthening of royal power in Aquitaine and the influence of his assertive wife, Hugo turned to opposition forces around Peter Mauclerc .

During the siege of Avignon in July 1226, Hugo and Mauclerc left the royal crusader army before the city was taken. After the king's death, Hugo and other disaffected barons opposed the reign of Queen Blanka of Castile , but after Count Theobald IV of Champagne changed sides in the spring of 1227, he had to submit to the regent in Vendôme . His eldest son was betrothed to Princess Isabella and one of his daughters to Prince Alfons of Poitiers , in return he had to return Aunis and Saint-Jean-d'Angély to the Crown.

In the same year Hugo again joined Mauclerc, who was the young King Louis IX. in Montlhéry wanted to seize. After eventful battles Hugo submitted to the crown in October 1229 after Mauclerc had paid homage to the English king (Hugo's stepson Heinrich III. ) And then helped with the capture of Clisson . In return, Hugo received the castles in Aunis, which had been confiscated from him in 1227, back as pledge and the engagement between Princess Isabella and his son was renewed.

Nevertheless, his relationship with the crown deteriorated again when Prince Alfons in Saumur was installed as Count of Poitou in 1241 and Hugo had to pay homage to him, and not to the king. Furthermore, the king demanded the return of the pledges in the Aunis due to the failure of his son (who had married a daughter of Mauclerc) to marry Princess Isabella. Hugo then conspired with his son-in-law, Count Raimund VII of Toulouse and other dissatisfied vassals of Poitou, to revolt against the crown, this alliance also found the support of King Henry III. from England. At Christmas 1241 Hugo resigned his feudal oath to Prince Alfons in Poitiers , whereupon he was declared a rebel and all his possessions forfeited by a court of pairs in Paris .

King Louis IX and Prince Alfons moved into the Saintonge in the spring of 1242 with 4,000 knights and 20,000 infantry . In the meantime, the English king had landed there, marching against the French while Hugo and his troops occupied Saintes . On July 21, the English were defeated in the Battle of Taillebourg and driven back to Saintes, where they and Hugo were again defeated the next day. Hugo and King Heinrich fled to Pons, whose master surrendered to the French. The King of England fled to Gascony , Hugo surrendered on July 26th. He had to renew his feudal oath to Prince Alfons and hand over all controversial pledges, including three of his own castles, as pledge to him. During the submission ceremony Hugo was asked to fight a duel by a royal knight, but the king prevented the duel with his objection.

In the following years Hugo remained a devoted vassal to the king of France and joined him in 1248 for the sixth crusade against Egypt . Hugo died there on June 5, 1249 in the fighting at Damiette , where his father had died thirty years earlier. His own son, Hugo XI, joined the crusade in October 1249 and was killed in the battle against the Mameluks just a year later .

If the explanations in the manuscripts of Gaucelm Faidit's poems are to be believed, then Gaucelm and Hugo von Lusignan were rivals for the love of Margerethe von Aubusson.

progeny

Hugo X. and Isabella had at least 10 children, including:

• Hugo XI. (* 1221; † April 6, 1250 near Fariskur, Egypt), Lord of Lusignan, Count of La Marche and Angoulême
• Agnes († after April 7, 1269)
  • ⚭ Wilhelm II , Lord of Châteauroux
• Adelheid (Alix) († February 9, 1256)
  • ⚭ August 1247 with John de Warenne, 6th Earl of Surrey
• Guido († after October 18, 1281), Lord of Couhé and Cognac
• Gottfried († around 1274), ⚭ 1259 Johanna, Vice Countess of Châtellerault
• Wilhelm († 1296), Lord of Valence , Montignac , Rançon , Bellac and Champagnac , Count of Pembroke
• Aymer († in Paris 1260), Bishop of Winchester from 1250 to 1260
• Isabella († January 14, 1300)
  • ⚭ first marriage to Moritz IV., Mr. von Craon ( House Craon )
  • ⚭ Second marriage in 1251 to Gottfried IV von Rançon, Lord of Taillebourg , Seneschal of Poitou
• Margerethe († October 22, 1288)
  • ⚭ First marriage in 1243 to Raymond VII , Count of Toulouse
  • ⚭ in second marriage to Amalrich IX. , Vice Count of Thouars ( House of Thouars )
  • ⚭ in third marriage to Gottfried V. von Châteaubriant

Web links

• Hugo X. der Braune de Lusignan at medieval-genealogie.de
• Les Lusignan at perso.orange.fr (French)
• Hugues (X) "le Brun" de Lusignan at fmg.ac (English)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Matthäus Paris , Chronica Majora , ed. by Henry Richards Luard in: Rolls Series 57 (1876), Vol. 3, p. 93
2. ↑ The death of Hugo X. von Lusignan was documented in the letter from the knight Gui de Melun . See: Matthäus Paris, Chronica Majora , ed. by Henry Richards Luard in: Rolls Series 57 (1882), Vol. 6 Addimenta, p. 159

predecessor	Office	successor
Hugo (IX./I.)	Lord of Lusignan 1219-1249	Hugo (XI./III./II.)
Hugo (IX./I.)	Count of La Marche 1219–1249	Hugo (XI./III./II.)
Isabella	Count of Angoulême 1220–1249	Hugo (XI./III./II.)