Humbracht (patrician)

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Coat of arms of the von Humbracht family, Frankfurt around 1605
Coat of arms of the Barons von Humbracht, Austria around 1868

Humbracht was the name of a family of patricians in Frankfurt am Main .

history

The family goes back to the goldsmith Martin Humbracht († 1393), who is referred to in older sources as Martin von Spier or, after the house last lived in Frankfurt, as Martin Humbracht zum Schöneck. He came from Speyer and acquired citizenship in 1366 by marrying the Frankfurt bourgeois daughter "Grede". The couple first lived in the Petterweil house on what would later become Römerberg No. 36, and then in the Schönstein corner house at the Fahrpforte . Martin Humbracht worked as a money changer, as did his son Jeckel Humbracht zu Schönstein († 1420).

Martin Humbracht's descendants married into the patrician families Appenheimer and Brungen. Faut von Monsberg, through which they found their way into the noble society of Alten Limpurg in 1416 . On October 20, 1430, Rudolf von Humbracht's nobility and coat of arms were renewed by King Sigismund . Numerous members of the family held offices in the council of the Free Imperial City of Frankfurt, including mayor. The family achieved considerable prosperity and had business and family ties to Antwerp in the 16th century.

Claus Humbracht the Elder († 1505) donated a crucifixion triptych from Antwerp at the turn of the 15th and 16th centuries , probably for St. Peter's Church . This work is one of two to which the emergency name of the Master of Frankfurt goes back. The altarpiece shows St. Nicholas with Claus Humbracht and male members of the founding family on the left, and on the right St. Margaret with Claus' wife Greda, née Faut von Monsberg († 25 September 1501), and their daughters. The work is in the collection of the Städel Art Institute . The Johann Christian Senckenberg University Library has a prayer book by Claus Humbracht the Younger in its collection of book illuminations in Antwerp between around 1500 and 1508.

At the turn of the 17th to the 18th century, the family split into an older line, founded by Friedrich Max († 1764), and the younger line founded by his brother Hieronymus August († 1739). For the next 200 years, members of the family served as high officers in the Prussian or Austrian military.

The outstanding members of the Humbracht family include:

The Frankfurt branch of the family died out in 1896 with Hermann von Humbracht (1818–1896, since 1883 Freiherr von Humbracht ). In Frankfurt, Humbrachtstrasse in the north end reminds of the family. The 1776 by Maria Philippine von Humbracht, geb. The Humbracht Foundation founded by Glauburg to support women and young women from the Limpurg family existed for almost 150 years until the foundation's capital was depleted by the inflation during the Weimar Republic.

coat of arms

Blazon according to the Biographical Lexicon of the Austrian Empire from 1863: In the red shield a paw of a silver lion, turned to the right, protruding from the upper left side edge of the shield, holding a golden key turned up and to the right, upright and slightly at an angle. On the shield there is a crowned helmet, from the crown of which a right-sighted silver lion grows up, holding a key in the front paw as if in a shield. The helmet covers are red and silver.

Web links

Commons : Humbracht  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Triptych , Master of Frankfurt, around 1500, Städelsches Kunstinstitut

literature

  • Wolfgang Klötzer (Hrsg.): Frankfurter Biographie . Personal history lexicon . First volume. A – L (=  publications of the Frankfurt Historical Commission . Volume XIX , no. 1 ). Waldemar Kramer, Frankfurt am Main 1994, ISBN 3-7829-0444-3 .
  • Alexander Dietz : Frankfurter Handelsgeschichte , 3 volumes, Hermann Minjon, Frankfurt am Main 1910 (Vol. 1), Gebrüder Knauer, Frankfurt am Main 1921 (Vol. 2–3).
  • Hans Körner: Frankfurt patrician . Ernst Vögel-Verlag, Munich 1971.
  • Gothaisches genealogical pocket book of the baronial houses for the year 1856. Sixth year, p.332ff

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Alexander Dietz: Frankfurter Bürgerbuch , August Osterrieth, Frankfurt am Main 1897, p. 43.
  2. ^ A b Alexander Dietz: Frankfurter Handelsgeschichte. First volume , p. 174.
  3. ↑ Alexander Dietz: Frankfurt trade history. First volume , p. 184.
  4. ^ A b c Constantin von Wurzbach : Humbracht, the barons, genealogy . In: Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich . 9th part. Kaiserlich-Königliche Hof- und Staatsdruckerei, Vienna 1863, p. 418 ( digitized version ).
  5. ^ Heinrich Christian von Senckenberg: Selecta juris et historiarum tum anecdota, tum jam edita, sed rariora. Tomus I , Heinrich Christian Senckenberg, Frankfurt am Main 1734, pp. 264-268.
  6. ↑ a b Alfred Lehmann: The portrait with the old German masters except for Dürer , Karl W. Hiersemann, Leipzig 1900.
  7. ^ Richard Froning: Frankfurter Chroniken und annalist Aufzüge des Mittelalter , Carl Jügel's Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 1884, p. 312.
  8. ↑ Alexander Dietz: Frankfurt trade history. Second volume , p. 302.
  9. ↑ Jochen Sander: The discovery of art. Dutch art of the 15th and 16th centuries in Frankfurt , von Zabern, Mainz 1995, p. 200, ISBN 3-8053-1841-3 .
  10. ↑ Birgitt Weimann: The medieval manuscripts of the Manuscripta Germanica group (catalogs of the city and university library of Frankfurt / Main, vol. 5, the manuscripts, vol. 4), Klostermann, Frankfurt am Main 1980, pp. 84-88, ISBN 3-465- 01406-5 .