Hurricane Bertha (2008)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Hurricane Bertha
Category 3 hurricane ( SSHWS )
Bertha on July 7, 2008
Bertha on July 7, 2008
Emergence July 3, 2008
resolution July 20, 2008
Peak wind
speed
125  mph (205  km / h ) (sustained for 1 minute)
Lowest air pressure 952  mbar ( hPa ; 28.1  inHg )
dead 3 direct
Property damage minimal
Affected
areas 		Bermuda and New Jersey
Season overview:
2008 Atlantic hurricane season

Hurricane Bertha was a rarely early Cape Verdean hurricane and the furthest east tropical storm in July since the Atlantic Ocean began to be recorded . Bertha was also the longest-lived tropical cyclone to form in the Atlantic in a month before August and, with a duration of 17 days, the longest-lasting cyclone in the Atlantic since Hurricane Ivan during the 2004 Atlantic hurricane season .

The second named tropical cyclone of the 2008 Atlantic hurricane season developed on July 1 from a tropical wave that broke off the coast of West Africa . The low pressure area formed about 400 km south of Cape Verde and reached the strength of a tropical storm on July 3rd. Bertha wandered west over the Atlantic as a weak tropical storm for the next few days. A good bit east of the Leeward Islands , Bertha began intensifying on late July 6th and became the first hurricane of the year in the Atlantic on July 7th. During the course of the day, Bertha had intensified into a severe hurricane. The hurricane weakened on July 8th due to stronger wind shear due to an altitude low to the northeast. Then the storm drifted in a north-northwest direction towards Bermuda . To the southeast of the island, Bertha became almost stationary on July 12th and 13th and made a small loop. On July 14th, the center of Bertha passed Bermuda about 40 miles east and then turned northeast. The impact of a strong cyclone then forced the storm southeast on July 16. The influence of the westerly wind zone finally brought Bertha, who was able to intensify again into a Category 1 hurricane, to a northeastern track with high forward speed. On July 20, the system was declared extra-tropical by the NHC.

Storm course

Bertha train track

Early on July 1, a powerful and extensive tropical wave broke off the coast of West Africa . By the next morning a near-surface low pressure area had formed and the wave had developed better. The National Hurricane Center classified the system as a Tropical Depression in the morning hours of July 3rd because the system maintained convection for more than 12 hours. The low organized itself better and developed two different convection bands. Six hours later, the low pressure area was declared Tropical Storm Bertha, making it the second named storm of the Atlantic hurricane season. The National Hurricane Center found that the development of this tropical cyclone was predicted a week in advance by the global computer models.

Bertha wandered further west and the storm came under the influence of a high pressure ridge . Despite the low wind shear, Bertha remained a weak tropical storm due to the cool water surface. However, over the next few days the storm gradually moved over warmer water as the storm moved westward at 40 km / h. Bertha started intensifying on July 6th and microwave images showed the development of an eye . On the morning of July 7th, Bertha reached the intensity of a hurricane that had become a severe Category 3 hurricane on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale by late afternoon due to rapid intensification . That evening, the National Hurricane Center announced that Bertha had reached wind speeds of over 185 km / h between 19:00 and 21:00 UTC , as corresponding objective estimates were fixed at 215 km / h.

On the morning of July 8th, stronger wind shear caused the storm to weaken rapidly to Category 2 and in the afternoon to Category 1; the next day, however, Bertha was able to recover and was again listed as a Category 2 hurricane. The storm weakened again on July 10, as cyclical eyewall regeneration had begun. The forward movement slowed as the controlling air currents collapsed and on July 12 the hurricane south-southeast of Bermuda became almost stationary. After Bertha hardly moved for a day and therefore colder water came to the surface, which is why the surface temperature under the storm dropped significantly, the hurricane weakened into a strong tropical storm. But then the forward movement accelerated and on July 14th the center of the storm passed in a northeasterly direction about 65 km east of Bermuda past the island.

Hurricane Bertha on July 18 at 8:15 p.m. UTC.

Then a strong cyclone east of Bertha forced the system on a southeast course. Finally, the storm finally came under the influence of the westerly wind zone and accelerated to the northeast. On July 18, Bertha intensified again into a Category 1 hurricane, but finally began to weaken under the impression of a cooler water surface. On July 20, Bertha became extra-tropical and the NHC issued its last warning on Bertha with the 70th edition. Lasting 17 days as a tropical system, Bertha was a long-lived storm, the longest-lived since Hurricane Ivan in 2004.

Preparations

On July 7, it became clear that Bermuda could get caught in the Bertha's train track and the Bermuda residents began buying flashlights, tarpaulins and lighters. Batteries quickly became scarce in some stores. Bermuda Public Security Minister Senator David Burch convened a meeting of the island's emergency services on July 9 and asked residents to provide emergency equipment such as flashlights, batteries, lighters and bandages, as well as drinking water and non-perishable materials, for the arrival of the cyclone To procure groceries. On July 10, the Department of the Parks issued warnings of high surf on the beaches of the south coast as Bertha's approach was noticeable by strong waves. At 11 a.m. local time on July 11, the Bermuda Weather Service placed the island ready for a tropical storm and a warning was issued 24 hours later. On July 13, all beaches were closed and swimming and water sports were prohibited.

Effects

Bertha about Bermuda

Bertha caused heavy rain on the southern Cape Verde Islands. However, no damage to people or property has been reported from the islands.

Air traffic to and from the island was interrupted on July 14 when the storm was approaching the island. JetBlue and Delta Air Lines cut their connections, while American Airlines moved flights to Miami and New York forward and avoided the storm's arrival. British Airways rescheduled its flight to the afternoon, relying on Bertha to have left by the time the plane arrived. The ferry service to St. Georges was suspended all day and the other courses from Hamilton Harbor were canceled after the morning services. Some roads on the island were flooded, branches and trees broke. The wind tore down power lines, causing power outages, but these were remedied at short notice by the Bermuda Electric Light Company .

Fears that Bertha could intensify again into a hurricane as she passed the island prompted the authorities to issue a hurricane warning. Around 120 mm of precipitation was recorded at Bermuda International Airport.

The hurricane created high waves and offshore currents on the east coast of the United States , which drowned three swimmers on the New Jersey coast .

Weather records

Overview of the tropical
cyclones with the
highest precipitation in Bermuda.Highest total amounts of precipitation since 1939
Precipitation Storm
rank ( mm )
1 186.7 Hurricane Four 1939
2 151.4 Cristobal 2002
3 148.0 Nicole 2004
4th 126.2 Franklin 2005
5 124.0 Harvey 2005
6th 123.2 Hurricane Six 1948
7th 121.2 Bertha 2008
8th 115.3 Alice 1973
9 113.5 Gustav 2002
10 80.0 Karen 2001

Hurricane Bertha broke several weather records. With a longitude of 24.7 ° west , Bertha has the point of origin furthest east, with longitude 50.2 ° west, Bertha has intensified into a hurricane furthest east and longest east with a July tower at 52.1 ° west severe hurricane. Bertha is the sixth strongest tropical cyclone that has formed in the Atlantic basin since the weather records began before August and the third strongest July hurricane, after Dennis and Emily in 2005. Bertha became the longest-lasting tropical cyclone in the Atlantic on July 15th Month of July and was the longest-running tropical cyclone since Ivan in 2004.

On Bermuda, Bertha was in seventh place in terms of rainfall since accurate records began in 1939.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Jeff Masters: Tropical Storm Bertha forms - and sets a record . Wonderground. 2008. Archived from the original on July 6, 2008. Retrieved July 6, 2008.
  2. ↑ a b National Hurricane Center: Atlantic hurricane best track (Hurdat) ( English ) Hurricane Research Division. Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administrations Office of Oceanic & Atmospheric Research. April 2018. Retrieved May 9, 2018.
  3. ↑ Eric Blake: July 1 6z Tropical Weather Outlook . National Hurricane Center. 2008. Retrieved July 4, 2008.
  4. ↑ Cangialosi: July 2 2:05 a EDT Tropical Weather Discussion . National Hurricane Center. 2008. Retrieved July 4, 2008.
  5. ↑ a b Eric Blake: Tropical Depression Two Advisory 1 Discussion . National Hurricane Center. 2008. Retrieved July 4, 2008.
  6. ^ Daniel Brown: Tropical Depression Two Advisory 2 Discussion . National Hurricane Center. 2008. Retrieved July 4, 2008.
  7. ^ A b Richard Knabb: Tropical Storm Bertha Advisory 5 Discussion . National Hurricane Center. 2008. Retrieved July 7, 2008.
  8. ^ Richard Knabb: Tropical Storm Bertha Advisory 13 Discussion . National Hurricane Center. 2008. Retrieved July 7, 2008.
  9. ^ Lixion Avila: Tropical Storm Bertha Advisory 16 Discussion . National Hurricane Center. 2008. Retrieved July 7, 2008.
  10. ^ Lixion Avila: Tropical Storm Bertha Advisory 17 Discussion . National Hurricane Center. 2008. Retrieved July 7, 2008.
  11. ^ Jamie Rhome: Tropical Storm Bertha Advisory 18 Discussion . National Hurricane Center. 2008. Retrieved July 7, 2008.
  12. ↑ http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/text/refresh/MIATCDAT2+shtml/122037.shtml
  13. ↑ http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2008/al02/al022008.public_a.046.shtml ?
  14. ↑ Eric Blake: Hurricane Bertha Public Advisory 63 . National Hurricane Center. 2008. Retrieved July 9, 2008.
  15. ↑ Staff Writer: No Title , Bermuda Sun. July 9, 2008, p. A1. 
  16. ^ Tim Smith: EMO meets today to discuss Hurricane Bertha . The Royal Gazette. July 9th, 2008. Archived from the original on September 14th, 2008. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved July 9, 2008. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.royalgazette.com
  17. ^ Staff Writer: Bertha back to Category One . The Royal Gazette. July 11, 2008. Archived from the original on September 14, 2008. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved July 11, 2007. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.royalgazette.com
  18. ^ Lixion Avila: Hurricane BERTHA Forecast / Advisory Number 34 ( English ) National Hurricane Center . Retrieved July 23, 2008.
  19. ↑ Lixion Avila: Hurricane BERTHA Forecast / Advisory Number 38 ( English ) National Hurricane Center . Retrieved July 23, 2008.
  20. ↑ a b c Amanda Dale: Bertha loses strength . July 14, 2008. Archived from the original on September 23, 2008. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved July 14, 2008. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.theroyalgazette.com
  21. ^ Rhome: Tropical Storm Bertha Public Advisory # 4 . National Hurricane Center. 2008. Retrieved July 21, 2008.
  22. ^ Don Burgess: Flights canceled as storm buffets Bermuda . The Bermuda Sun. August 14, 2008. Retrieved August 14, 2008.
  23. ↑ a b Tim Hall: Causeway expected to remain open; buses to keep running . Bermuda Sun. July 14, 2008. Retrieved July 14, 2008.
  24. ^ Tropical Storm Bertha Public Advisory Update # 4 . National Hurricane Center. 2008. Retrieved July 23, 2008.
  25. ^ David M. Roth: Tropical Cyclone Point Maxima . NOAA . Hydrolocial Prediction Center. Archived from the original on October 6, 2006. Retrieved July 23, 2008.
  26. ^ Three Swimmers Drown at Jersey Shore over the Weekend . In: The Reporter , July 14, 2008. Archived from the original on September 14, 2008. Retrieved July 15, 2008. 
  27. ↑ a b Terry Tucker. "Beware the Hurricane".
  28. ↑ Bermuda Weather Service: Weather Summary for October 2004 . 2004. Archived from the original on February 5, 2012. Retrieved February 25, 2007.
  29. ↑ Bermuda Weather Service: Bermuda Weather Summary for August 2005 . 2005. Archived from the original on September 27, 2007. Retrieved on February 25, 2007.
  30. ^ David M. Roth: Tropical Cyclone Point Maxima . NOAA . Hydrolocial Prediction Center. Archived from the original on October 6, 2006. Retrieved July 23, 2008.
  31. ↑ John R. Hope: Premliminary report Hurricane Alice ( English , GIF) National Hurricane Center . 1973. Retrieved July 23, 2008.
  32. ↑ Bermuda Weather Service: Bermuda Weather Summary for September 2002 . 2001. Archived from the original on November 17, 2002. Retrieved February 25, 2007.
  33. ↑ Bermuda Weather Service: Bermuda Weather Summary for October 2001 . 2001. Archived from the original on December 18, 2005. Retrieved February 25, 2007.
  34. ↑ Jeff Masters: Hurricane Bertha: 6th strongest early season hurricane on record . Wonderground. 2008. Archived from the original on July 9, 2008. Retrieved July 8, 2008.