Cape Verde type hurricane
A Cape Verde-type hurricane is an Atlantic hurricane that forms near the Cape Verde Islands , which are west of Africa . An average hurricane season usually has two such Cape Verde-type hurricanes that often among the strongest storms of the year, as they are in the middle of the ocean form and so long over the warm sea can stop before to country meet .
origin
Cape Verde-type hurricanes typically develop from tropical waves created by instabilities in the eastern African jet. Due to the trade winds , these waves then move westward onto the open Atlantic and, if the ambient conditions are good, develop into tropical cyclones near the Cape Verde Islands. Most storms generally form in the months of August and September .
Typical gradients
A typical Cape Verde-type hurricane is formed from a tropical wave that develops into a tropical depression near the Cape Verde Islands . After that, the system strengthens continuously and reaches the strength of a tropical storm in the Eastern Atlantic. In the central Atlantic basin, the storms intensify and then usually reach hurricane strength, but with favorable external conditions they may have intensified into a hurricane earlier .
There are several typical courses for a hurricane moving towards North America :
- The storm is generally moving west and crossing the Lesser Antilles into the Caribbean . The storm then usually moves further west and goes ashore in Belize , Nicaragua or Honduras . An example of such storms is Hurricane Dean in 2007 .
- If the storm is more northerly , it will take a more north-westerly course and move across the Greater Antilles towards the US Gulf Coast. Hurricane Georges in 1998 and Hurricane Andrew took such a course.
- Storms further north have an even more north-westerly course due to the East Atlantic high pressure area that predominates in late summer . These storms pass north of the Greater Antilles and hit land in North or South Carolina (e.g. Hurricane Hugo ). When storms are deflected even further by this high pressure area, they curve and eventually move back out into the open sea , close to the east coast , where they eventually become extra-tropical . Remnants of these storms can still trigger squalls and heavy rainfall in Western Europe. An example of such a storm is Hurricane Helene in 2006 . In exceptional cases, such as B. Hurricane Gloria in 1985 , also hit New England .
- Sometimes the subtropical ridge is further to the west and allows the storms to make such an arc earlier, mostly missing land completely. An example of such a storm is Hurricane Danielle in 2004 .
While these courses are typical of Cape Verde-type hurricanes, they do not need to be followed by every storm.
Cape Verde hurricanes since 1950
| year | Surname | month | category | Air pressure in hPa |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1955 | Connie | August | 4th | 935 |
| 1955 | Diane | August | 3 | 969 |
| 1955 | flora | September | 2 | 965 |
| 1955 | Ion | September | 3 | 939 |
| 1956 | Betsy | August | 3 | 955 |
| 1957 | Carrie | September | 4th | 945 |
| 1958 | Cleo | August | 5 | 949 |
| 1960 | donna | August September | 5 | 932 |
| 1961 | Debbie | September | 3 | 970 |
| 1961 | Esther | September | 4th | 925 |
| 1963 | flora | September October | 4th | 940 |
| 1964 | Dora | August September | 4th | 942 |
| 1965 | Carol | September October | 2 | 975 |
| 1966 | Faith | August September | 3 | 950 |
| 1967 | Chloe | September | 2 | 959 |
| 1969 | Debbie | August | 3 | 950 |
| 1973 | Ellen | September | 3 | 962 |
| 1975 | Faye | September | 2 | 975 |
| 1975 | Gladys | September October | 4th | 939 |
| 1979 | David | August September | 5 | 925 |
| 1979 | Frederic | August September | 4th | 942 |
| 1979 | Gloria | September | 2 | 975 |
| 1980 | Everyone | July August | 5 | 899 |
| 1980 | Bonnie | August | 2 | 975 |
| 1980 | Earl | September | 1 | 985 |
| 1980 | Frances | September | 3 | 959 |
| 1981 | Dennis | August | 1 | 995 |
| 1981 | Irene | September October | 3 | 959 |
| 1985 | Gloria | September October | 4th | 919 |
| 1988 | Gilbert | September | 5 | 889 |
| 1988 | Helene | September | 4th | 939 |
| 1988 | Joan | October | 4th | 932 |
| 1989 | dean | July August | 2 | 969 |
| 1989 | Erin | August | 2 | 969 |
| 1989 | Felix | August September | 1 | 979 |
| 1989 | Gabrielle | August September | 4th | 935 |
| 1989 | Hugo | September | 5 | 919 |
| 1990 | Isidore | September | 2 | 979 |
| 1990 | Josephine | September October | 1 | 980 |
| 1992 | Andrew | August | 5 | 922 |
| 1994 | Chris | August | 1 | 979 |
| 1995 | Felix | August | 4th | 929 |
| 1995 | Humberto | August September | 2 | 969 |
| 1995 | Luis | August September | 4th | 935 |
| 1995 | Marilyn | September | 3 | 949 |
| 1995 | Noel | September October | 1 | 985 |
| 1996 | Bertha | July | 3 | 960 |
| 1996 | Edouard | August September | 4th | 932 |
| 1996 | Fran | August September | 3 | 945 |
| 1996 | Hortense | August September | 4th | 935 |
| 1996 | Isidore | September October | 3 | 960 |
| 1997 | Erika | September | 3 | 945 |
| 1998 | Bonnie | August | 3 | 955 |
| 1998 | Danielle | August September | 2 | 960 |
| 1998 | Georges | September October | 4th | 935 |
| 1998 | Ivan | September | 1 | 975 |
| 1998 | Jeanne | September October | 2 | 969 |
| 1999 | Cindy | August | 4th | 942 |
| 1999 | Floyd | September | 4th | 920 |
| 1999 | Device | September | 4th | 930 |
| 2000 | Alberto | August | 3 | 950 |
| 2000 | Debby | August | 1 | 990 |
| 2000 | Isaac | September October | 4th | 942 |
| 2000 | Joyce | September October | 1 | 975 |
| 2001 | Erin | September | 3 | 969 |
| 2001 | Felix | September | 3 | 962 |
| 2002 | Lili | September October | 4th | 939 |
| 2003 | Fabian | August September | 4th | 939 |
| 2003 | Isabel | September | 5 | 915 |
| 2003 | Kate | September October | 3 | 952 |
| 2004 | Danielle | August | 2 | 965 |
| 2004 | Frances | August September | 4th | 935 |
| 2004 | Ivan | September | 5 | 910 |
| 2004 | Karl | September | 4th | 939 |
| 2004 | Lisa | September October | 1 | 985 |
| 2005 | Emily | July | 5 | 929 |
| 2005 | Irene | August | 2 | 970 |
| 2006 | Florence | September | 1 | 975 |
| 2006 | Helene | September | 3 | 955 |
| 2007 | dean | August | 5 | 905 |
| 2008 | Bertha | July | 3 | 952 |
| 2008 | Ike | August September | 4th | 935 |
| 2009 | Bill | August | 4th | 942 |
| 2009 | Fred | September | 3 | 959 |
| 2010 | Danielle | August | 4th | 942 |
| 2010 | Earl | August September | 4th | 929 |
| 2010 | Igor | September | 4th | 925 |
| 2010 | Julia | September | 4th | 949 |
| 2010 | Lisa | September | 1 | 982 |
| 2011 | Katia | August September | 4th | 942 |
| 2011 | Maria | September | 1 | 982 |
| 2011 | Ophelia | September October | 4th | 940 |
| 2011 | Philippe | September October | 1 | 975 |
| 2012 | Leslie | August September | 1 | 969 |
| 2012 | Nadine | September October | 1 | 979 |
| 2013 | Humberto | September | 1 | 979 |
| 2014 | Edouard | September | 3 | 955 |
| 2015 | Danny | August | 3 | 960 |
| 2015 | Fred | August September | 1 | 985 |
| 2016 | Gaston | August September | 3 | 955 |
| 2017 | Irma | August September | 5 | 915 |