2007 Atlantic hurricane season

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2007 Atlantic hurricane season
All the storms of the season
All the storms of the season
Formation of the
first storm		 May 9
Dissolution of the
last storm		 12th of December
Strongest storm Dean - 905  hPa  ( mbar ), 145  kn  (270  km / h )
Tropical lows 17th
Storms 15th
Hurricanes 6th
Severe hurricanes ( Cat. 3+ ) 2
Total number of victims ≥ 417
Total damage ~ $ 4.6 billion   (2007)
Atlantic hurricane seasons
2005 , 2006 , 2007 , 2008 , 2009

The 2007 Atlantic hurricane season officially began on June 1st and ended on November 30th. It is during this period that most tropical storms form , as suitable conditions, such as warm ocean , moist air, and little wind shear , exist to enable tropical cyclones to form. Nonetheless, the first named system was formed on May 9, giving the season an early start.

With Hurricane Felix reaching Category 5 on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale , the season became only the fourth of a total of five seasons since the National Hurricane Center (NHC) began records , in which there was more than one hurricane of this strength there (the others are the 1960 , 1961 , 2005 and 2017 seasons ). The season is also the first hurricane season in which two hurricanes of this magnitude hit land.

At the beginning of August 2007, the Climate Prediction Center of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration predicted a very high probability of a significantly above average hurricane season (85% above average, 10% average, 5% below average), with 13 to 16 named storms, 7 to 9 hurricanes, 3 to 5 strong hurricanes and an ACE of 140% to 200% of the median.

However, the 2007 Atlantic hurricane season remained well below average in terms of hurricane activity ( ACE ) (−27.4%). If one considers the entire northern hemisphere, the activity was the lowest since 1977. In addition, there was in the first half of the year between April 6 (tropical storm Kong-rey) and May 13 (cyclone Akash) the longest period with 37 days without a global one Cyclone activity since satellite observation began. The number of hurricanes was also comparatively low, only in 1977 (22 storms), 1979 and 1988 (26 storms), and 1999 (27 storms) fewer hurricanes were observed.

Storms in the Pacific Ocean are listed in the 2007 Pacific Hurricane Season article .

Storms

Subtropical storm Andrea

Subtropical Storm ( SSHWS )
Subtropical Storm Andrea (2007) .JPG Andrea 2007 track.png
Duration May 9th - May 11th
intensity 50 kn (95 km / h ) (1 minute) , 1001 hPa

An initially extratropical low pressure area began to slowly build up orderly convection on the warm waters of the Gulf Stream on May 9th . Later a reconnaissance plane found some tropical features in the cyclone and the system was named Subtropical Storm Andrea. At the time, the storm was about 225 km southeast of Savannah , Georgia . When the system left the warm Gulf Stream the next day , the convective activity of the system suddenly decreased, also due to strong wind shear , and Andrea was downgraded to a subtropical low pressure area. On the same day it degenerated to a residual low. On May 11th, convection began to build up again over the center, and on May 12th the NHC stated that a small increase in thunderstorm activity would be enough to classify the system as a tropical depression. However, this did not happen and the system was absorbed into a cold front on May 14th .

The system caused high waves on the coast from Florida to North Carolina , which also killed a surfer . Strong winds through Andrea rekindled bushfires in Florida and Georgia , adding to the situation. The storm was the first named corn storm since Arlene in 1981. The extratropical predecessor low also killed five other people.

Tropical storm Barry

Tropical storm
Barry 01 jun 2007 1905Z.jpg Barry 2007 track.png
Duration June 1st - June 2nd
intensity 50 kn (95 km / h ) (1 minute) , 997 hPa

On May 30, a wide depression formed in the Gulf of Honduras . After North pulling the system could easily step up and then after a reconnaissance flight classified as a tropical storm Barry. Remarkably, the system was able to maintain this intensity despite severe vertical wind shear and storm warnings were issued for western Florida . The system finally hit the mainland near Tampa Bay on June 2, as a minimal tropical storm, but did little damage. On the contrary, the system brought significant rainfall to drought-stricken Florida. After that, the system quickly degenerated into an extratropical low pressure area, which eventually caused rainfall over large parts of the east coast .

Barry drowned a surfer off the coast of Florida, and the storm is indirectly responsible for two road deaths.

Tropical storm Chantal

Tropical storm
Chantal 31 july 2007 1328Z.jpg Chantal 2007 track.png
Duration July 30th - August 1st
intensity 45 kn (85 km / h ) (1 minute) , 997 hPa

Chantal was the third system of the season. It evolved from a low pressure area on July 28, 2007 and was classified as a Tropical Low Pressure Area near Bermuda on July 30, 2007 when it was able to maintain organized convection near the center. The system was promoted to Tropical Storm on July 31, the first in over two months. The storm then moved on to Nova Scotia and became extra-tropical on August 1 after 18 hours on its way to Newfoundland .

Floods from heavy rainfall were reported on August 1st in Placentia and the provincial capital St. John's , where around 100 mm of rainfall fell. The area around Whitbourne recorded up to 150 mm of rain . In the south of the Avalon Peninsula , dozens of streets were washed away, cellars overflowed, and several towns were cut off from the outside world. The ferry connections between Argentia , Newfoundland and Labrador and North Sydney , Nova Scotia had to be discontinued.

A state of emergency has been declared for the areas around Placentia Bay and Conception Bay . The damage ran into the millions, reaching over $ 4 million in Placentia alone.

Hurricane Dean

Category 5 hurricane
Dean 20 aug 2007 1841Z.jpg Dean 2007 track.png
Duration August 13th - August 23rd
intensity 150 kn (280 km / h ) (1 minute) , 905 hPa

This system arose on August 13th from a strong tropical wave west-southwest of the Cape Verde Islands . It was upgraded to a Tropical Storm on August 14 and was named Dean .

The storm reached the Lesser Antilles on August 16 and passed them on August 17 in a westerly direction between St. Lucia and Martinique . He left severe damage and destroyed large parts of the sugar cane and banana plantations, at least four people were killed, two of them by a landslide on Dominica .

Based on measurements by a US Air Force reconnaissance aircraft and unusually high water temperatures (around 30 ° C), Dean was upgraded to Category 4 on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale on August 18 . In the night from August 19th to August 20th, hurricane reached Jamaica and caused severe damage. Already at the weekend, eight people in Haiti and the Dominican Republic were killed by the cyclone.

On the evening of August 20, Dean was upgraded to the highest category 5 hurricane and reached the Yucatán peninsula near the tourist town of Majahual in this strength , but did not cause any serious damage. Dean weakened to a Category 1 hurricane over Yucatán. After leaving Yucatán for Campeche Bay , where he regained his strength, Dean reached the mainland again as a Category 2 hurricane at 11:30 a.m. local time (CDT) near Tecolutla , south of Tuxpan in the state of Veracruz .

Tropical storm Erin

Tropical storm
Erin 15 aug 2007 1939Z.jpg Erin 2007 track.png
Duration August 14th - August 17th
intensity 35 kn (65 km / h ) (1 minute) , 1003 hPa

A low that had been developing for several days was defined by the NHC about 685 km southeast of Brownsville , Texas as Tropical Low Pressure Area 5 on August 15 at 03:00 UTC and, based on weather data from a NOAA reconnaissance aircraft, was designated Tropical Storm Erin on the same day . Shortly after reaching the mainland near Lamar , Texas, the storm weakened to a tropical depression on August 16, and the NHC issued its final warning about the system. After that, the system drifted through Texas and continued to form pronounced convection. The winds dropped to 30 km / h on August 18 and only achieved greater strength in gusts. The system moved in a north-westerly direction, accompanied by sometimes violent thunderstorms that rotated around the center of Erin. On August 19, 2007, Erin suddenly began to gain strength again, initially reaching winds of 55 km / h, just west of Oklahoma City, and the system again formed a structure that was similar to a hurricane eye. Erin was able to achieve top gusts of more than 130 km / h again. A few hours later, Erin finally weakened and then dissolved over southwest Kansas .

Hurricane Felix

Category 5 hurricane
Felix 02 sept 2007 1810Z.jpg Felix 2007 track.png
Duration August 31st - September 5th
intensity 150 kn (280 km / h ) (1 minute) , 929 hPa

On August 24, a tropical wave on August 31, 295 km east of broke away from the African coast Windward Islands called southern group of the Leeward Islands , the Tropical Depression Six formed and the next day after the system over Grenada had departed , developed into Tropical Storm Felix. On the night of September 2, the storm intensified rapidly and after a reconnaissance flight by the US Air Force , Felix was upgraded to a Category 2 hurricane.

The hurricane was subsequently classified in the highest category 5. After passing through a new eyewall formation , the hurricane weakened to Category 4 on the night of September 4th. However, the hurricane intensified again and hit the coast as a category 5 hurricane a little south of Cabo Gracias a Dios with wind speeds of 260 km / h.

At that time, the radius of the greatest winds reached a distance of 75 km from the center of the storm, with the strength of a tropical storm they covered a radius of up to 185 km.

Over land, the storm has rapidly weakened to a tropical depression and the NHC issued its final storm warning to FELIX. The storm killed more than 130 people in Honduras. On the Atlantic coast of Nicaragua, the hurricane claimed about 100 lives (only 40 were officially recognized), and it is estimated that 37,448 people were left homeless.

Tropical storm Gabrielle

Tropical storm
Gabrielle 09 sept 2007 1800Z.jpg Gabrielle 2007 track.png
Duration September 8th - September 11th
intensity 50 kn (95 km / h ) (1 minute) , 1004 hPa

The subtropical storm Gabrielle formed from an extra-tropical storm system southeast of the coast of South Carolina on September 8th . As the system began to take on the characteristics of a tropical storm, the NHC classified the storm as Tropical Storm Gabrielle on September 9, approximately 300 km southeast of Cape Lookout .

On September 9 at 11:45 a.m. local time (EDT), Gabrielle passed the North Carolina coast at Cape Lookout and moved over the mainland. 100 to 150 mm of rain fell in the immediate vicinity, but no property damage or personal casualties were recorded. After that, Gabrielle moved out into the open Atlantic as a tropical depression and dissolved on September 11th.

Tropical storm Ingrid

Tropical storm
Ingrid 14 sept 2007 1310Z.jpg Ingrid 2007 track.png
Duration September 12th - September 17th
intensity 40 kn (75 km / h ) (1 minute) , 1002 hPa

The tropical low pressure area eight formed on September 12 about 1,800 km east of the Antilles. Due to unfavorable wind shear in the area of ​​its track, the system could only develop into a tropical storm. On the evening of September 13th, the system was upgraded to Tropical Storm and named Ingrid . On September 15, the system had weakened so much that it was downgraded to a tropical depression again. and on September 17, the NHC issued the final notes on the first system of the season that did not endanger land.

Hurricane Humberto

Category 1 hurricane
Humberto 12 sept 2007 1946Z.jpg Humberto 2007 track.png
Duration September 12th - September 14th
intensity 80 kn (150 km / h ) (1 minute) , 985 hPa

The tropical depression nine formed on September 12th, the same day as Ingrid , in the northwestern Gulf of Mexico. It quickly became a Category 1 hurricane and was named "Humberto".

At 2:00 a.m. local time (CDT) on September 13, central Humberto crossed the Texas coastline near High Island at 135 km / h , making it the sixth storm this season to hit the mainland. This is the first time since Hurricane Wilma in 2005 that the United States was hit directly by a hurricane.

The storm caused one death in Texas. The remnants of Humberto combined with a cold front over Alabama . This created extensive rainfall in Georgia and North Carolina .

James Franklin, one of the leading hurricane specialists at the NHC in Miami, said of Hurricane Humberto: “To put this development in perspective, no tropical cyclone before in the history of the record has ever had one faster shortly before reaching the mainland Intensity reached. It would be nice to know one day why this happened. "

Tropical Depression Ten

Tropical depression
TD Ten 21 sept 2007 1650Z.jpg 10-L 2007 track.png
Duration September 21 - September 22
intensity 30 kn (55 km / h ) (1 minute) , 1005 hPa

An extra-tropical low pressure area formed off the east coast of Florida on September 18 . It slowly migrated westward after breaking off a trough over the Atlantic and crossed the Florida Peninsula on September 19. After it entered the Gulf of Mexico on September 20, it slowly turned more beneficial. On September 21 at 3:00 p.m. UTC , the NHC classified Subtropical Low Pressure Area Ten, 75 km southwest of Apalachicola , Florida. Three hours later, the system was reclassified as a full-fledged tropical system. At 0:00 UTC, the low pressure area began to move overland without having previously reached the strength of a tropical storm and then dissolved over Louisiana . The low pressure area that formed triggered a tornado in Eustis that damaged or destroyed around 50 houses, but without seriously injuring people.

Tropical storm Jerry

Tropical storm
Jerry 24 sept 2007 1259Z.jpg Jerry 2007 track.png
Duration September 23 - September 24
intensity 35 kn (65 km / h ) (1 minute) , 1003 hPa

On September 23, the tropical depression 11 formed around 1,700 kilometers west of the Azores . On the same day it was upgraded to a subtropical storm and was given the name Jerry . On the night of September 24th, Jerry turned into a tropical storm. A little later, the system moved over cooler waters and weakened into a tropical depression. Shortly before Jerry was absorbed by a larger extra-tropical system, it intensified again into a tropical storm and reached its highest intensity at 75 km / h .

Hurricane Karen

Category 1 hurricane
Karen 26 Sept 2007 1220Z.jpg Karen 2007 track.png
Duration September 25th - September 29th
intensity 65 kn (120 km / h ) (1 minute) , 988 hPa

In the early morning of September 25th, a tropical low pressure area developed west of Cape Verde , which became a tropical storm Karen after a few hours. The system was initially only able to strengthen slowly due to north-westerly wind shear. However, when this wore off, Karen quickly intensified before strong wind shear stopped this development. The NHC announced on November 27th that the follow-up analysis found that Karen reached the strength of a category 1 hurricane on September 26th at 12:00 UTC with an air pressure of 988 hPa and wind speeds of 120 km / h.

Hurricane Lorenzo

Category 1 hurricane
Lorenzo 27 sept 2007 1920Z.jpg Lorenzo 2007 track.png
Duration September 25th - September 28th
intensity 70 kn (130 km / h ) (1 minute) , 990 hPa

On September 21, a convective area developed in the western Caribbean Sea , formed an extensive area of ​​low pressure on September 22, and moved over the Yucatán Peninsula on September 23 . Over the next few days the system moved across the southwestern Gulf of Mexico, but the development of convection remained limited due to high wind shear.

On the evening of September 25, a reconnaissance flight found that a tropical depression had developed. The depression slowly moved south and southwest into Campeche Bay . A rapid intensification began on September 27, and around noon the depression turned into a tropical storm. Less than seven hours later, Lorenzo reached Category 1 on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale.

Lorenzo landed in the central section of the Mexican coast in the early morning of September 28 as a Category 1 hurricane and dissolved shortly afterwards.

Tropical storm Melissa

Tropical storm
Melissa 29 sept 2007 1245Z.jpg Melissa 2007 track.png
Duration September 28th - September 30th
intensity 35 kn (65 km / h ) (1 minute) , 1005 hPa

An area of ​​low air pressure and a tropical wave near Cape Verde became a tropical depression on September 28th after slowly developing over two days. Early the next day it intensified into Tropical Storm Melissa, the eighth named storm in September, setting the record for the most storms formed in a single month. Soon after, the system weakened due to wind shear and disintegrated on September 30th.

Tropical Depression Fifteen

Tropical depression
TD 15 11 oct 2007 1321Z.jpg 15-L 2007 track.png
Duration October 11th - October 12th
intensity 30 kn (55 km / h ) (1 minute) , 1011 hPa

The tropical depression Fifteen formed on October 11, 2007 in the north central Atlantic, about 1,380 km east of the Bermuda Islands. The system, which moved east-northeast with initial winds of 40 km / h, probably developed from the remnants of tropical storm Karen. On the night of October 12th to 13th, the system over the Atlantic dissolved again without hitting the mainland.

Hurricane Noel

Category 1 hurricane
Noel 28 oct 2007 1530Z sm.jpg Noel 2007 track.png
Duration October 28th - November 2nd
intensity 70 kn (130 km / h ) (1 minute) , 980 hPa

On October 28th, the Tropical Depression 16 formed in the Caribbean south of Hispaniola. The foothills of the depression brought heavy rains to the island. The low quickly intensified and was upgraded to a Tropical Storm and was named Noel.

Although the storm was initially forecast to move west-northwest along the south coast of Haiti and Cuba and then turn north-easterly at the Bay of Pigs , the low initially took a different course and moved across the western Dominican Republic in a northward direction. Northwest. There and in neighboring Haiti , the stormy rains caused severe flooding, killing at least 122 people. The President of the Dominican Republic, Leonel Fernández , declared a national emergency for the next 30 days.

Noel then turned west towards Cuba, crossed the provinces from Guantánamo to Sancti Spíritus and brought heavy rains there and in the neighboring regions. In the province of Guantánamo, for example, a rainfall of 125 mm was measured within 24 hours. As a result of the flooding caused, Cuba laments the loss of a human life and damage totaling 500 million US dollars. A total of almost 22,000 houses were damaged, 1,137 of them totally destroyed. There was also enormous damage to agriculture and forestry, as well as from damaged or destroyed roads and railroad tracks. At least one woman died in a landslide in Jamaica.

At Sancti Spíritus the storm changed direction again to the north and moved towards Nassau in the Bahamas .

Although the NHC had predicted that the system would develop into a hurricane as unlikely, Noel achieved category 1 hurricane status on the night of November 2 (CET). It developed wind speeds of up to 120 km / h and moved in a north-northeast direction away from the Bahamas. On the evening of November 2nd, Noel lost its tropical properties and began transforming into an extra-tropical cyclone. The NHC has issued its final warning on Noel because of this, even though the storm was still category 1 on the Saffir-Simpson hurricane wind scale at the time. The storm moved in a north-northeast direction and crossed the Atlantic provinces of Canada with wind speeds of up to 140 km / h and rainfall of up to 90 mm. It was not until late in the evening of November 4th ( UTC ) that the Canadian Hurricane Center declared the transition to an extra-tropical cyclone to be over. At that time, the center of Noel was in the Gulf of Saint Lawrence .

Tropical storm Olga

Tropical storm
Olga2007.jpg Olga 2007 track.png
Duration December 11th - December 13th
intensity 50 kn (95 km / h ) (1 minute) , 1003 hPa

In the second week of December, after the official end of the Atlantic hurricane season, a low pressure area developed east of the northern end of the Lesser Antilles . The system slowly developed tropical characteristics and on the afternoon of December 10th, the NHC classified the system north of Puerto Rico as Subtropical Storm Olga. When the Olgas Center was over Hispaniola , the NHC determined that the storm exhibited the characteristics of a tropical storm and classified it as such. The storm moved west over the Dominican Republic and Haiti , where it claimed several lives, and dispersed north of Jamaica on December 12 . The remaining low moved further west and swiveled northwards off the Yucatán peninsula. At Florida, it was absorbed by a cold front that was part of a severe winter storm on the east coast of the United States.

Accumulated Cyclone Energy (ACE)

ACE (10 4 kt 2 ) - storm
1 33.75 dean 8th 1.098 Gabrielle
2 16.54 Felix 9 0.773 Barry
3 5.213 Noel 10 0.730 Chantal
4th 3.528 Karen 11 0.575 Olga
5 1.475 Lorenzo 12 0.490 Melissa
6th 1,370 Humberto 13 0.368 Erin
7th 1,300 Ingrid 14th 0.368 Jerry
Total: 68.1

The table opposite shows the ACE for every storm this year. The ACE describes the energy of a tropical storm by multiplying the strength of a storm with the duration, i.e. long-lasting storms as well as strong storms have a high ACE value. Traditionally, the NOAA only records storms with wind speeds of over 34 knots (63 km / h). Although Andrea was a named storm, it is not taken into account when calculating the ACE value because it was not a tropical storm. Andreas ACE would have been 0.861 * 10 4  kt², the value for Gabrielle also does not contain the part in which the storm was subtropical.

Time course of the season

Storm names

The following names were used during the 2007 Atlantic hurricane season. This list is identical to the list for the 2001 Atlantic Hurricane season , with the exception of the names Andrea, Ingrid, and Melissa, who replaced Allison , Iris, and Michelle .

  • Humberto
  • Ingrid
  • Jerry
  • Karen
  • Lorenzo
  • Melissa
  • Noel
  • Olga
  • Pablo  (unused)
  • Rebekah  (unused)
  • Sebastien  (unused)
  • Tanya  (unused)
  • Van  (unused)
  • Wendy  (unused)

This list will be used again in 2013, with the exception of the names Dean, Felix and Noel. These were removed from the list of tropical cyclones by the World Meteorological Organization at the 30th Annual Meeting of the Regional Association IV Hurricane Committee on May 13, 2008 in Orlando and replaced by the names Dorian, Fernand and Nestor.

Web links

Commons : 2007 Atlantic Hurricane Season  - Collection of Images, Videos and Audio Files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ NOAA: 2007 Atlantic Hurricane Season Outlook Update Issued: August 9, 2007 ( Memento of the original from October 24, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.cpc.noaa.gov
  2. ↑ National Hurricane Center - TD THREE Public Advisory 1
  3. ↑ National Hurricane Center - TS CHANTAL Forecast / Advisory 5
  4. ↑ Storm pummels Newfoundland ( English ) Toronto Star . August 1, 2007. Accessed December 1, 2008.
  5. ↑ canada.com: Chantal leaves 'havoc' behind in Newfoundland ( Memento of the original from September 29, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , August 2, 2007 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.canada.com
  6. ↑ Repairs to storm-damaged areas too slow: NL residents ( English ) The Canadian Press . August 2, 2007. Archived from the original on December 21, 2007. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved December 1, 2008. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.breitbart.com
  7. ^ National Hurricane Center - TD FOUR Public Advisory # 1
  8. ↑ National Hurricane Center - TS DEAN Public Advisory 5 (August 14, 11:00 UTC)
  9. ↑ SF Tagesschau: Hurricane "Dean" claims at least four dead on August 17, 2007
  10. ↑ http://www.thedominican.net/newsdesk9.htm
  11. ↑ Tagesschau : Hurricane "Dean" breaks into Jamaica (tagesschau.de archive) on August 20, 2007
  12. ↑ "We just want to get out" , Spiegel Online . August 20, 2007. Retrieved September 19, 2012. 
  13. ↑ Rick Knabb: Hurricane Dean Tropical Cyclone Update 8:35 pm AST ( English ) National Hurricane Center. August 20, 2007. Retrieved September 19, 2012.
  14. ↑ James Franklin: Hurricane Dean Public Advisory Number 34 ( English ) National Hurricane Center. August 21, 2007. Retrieved September 19, 2012.
  15. ↑ James Franklin: Hurricane Dean Tropical Cyclone Update 11:50 am at AST ( English ) National Hurricane Center. August 22, 2007. Retrieved September 19, 2012.
  16. ↑ Avila: Tropical Storm Erin Tropical Cyclone Update . National Hurricane Center. 2007. Retrieved August 15, 2007.
  17. ↑ Kocin: Tropical Depression Erin Public Advisory Thirteen . 2007. Accessed on August 19, 2007.  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.hpc.ncep.noaa.gov  
  18. ↑ Kocin: Tropical Depression Erin Public Advisory Fourteen . 2007. Accessed on August 19, 2007.  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.hpc.ncep.noaa.gov  
  19. ^ Otto: Tropical Depression Erin Public Advisory Twenty . Hydrometeorological Prediction Center . 2007. Accessed on August 19, 2007.  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.hpc.ncep.noaa.gov  
  20. ^ Norman, Oklahoma National Weather Service: An Unusual Tropical System… . 2007. Archived from the original on August 16, 2013. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved September 18, 2012. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.srh.noaa.gov
  21. ↑ National Hurricane Center - TD SIX Public Advisory # 1
  22. ^ Knabb: Tropical Storm Felix Discussion Three . National Hurricane Center. 2007. Retrieved September 1, 2007.
  23. ↑ National Hurricane Center - Huricane FELIX Discussion 7 , September 2
  24. ^ National Hurricane Center - Coastal Watches / Warnings and 5-Day Track Forecast Cone
  25. ↑ Tagesschau : "Hurricane" Felix "rages in the Caribbean" (tagesschau.de archive), September 3, 2007
  26. ↑ a b National Hurricane Center - HURICANE FELIX Discussion 20 , September 5, 2007
  27. ↑ Huricane FELIX Public Advisory 16A - National Hurricane Center , September 4
  28. ↑ National Hurricane Center - HURRICANE FELIX ADVISORY 16 , September 4, 2007
  29. ↑ Reuters via Australian Broadcasting Corporation : Felix death toll hits 130 on Nicaragua coast , September 8, 2007
  30. ↑ Organización Panamericana de Salud Huracán Felix
  31. ^ Knabb: Tropical Storm Gabrielle Discussion Four . National Hurricane Center. 2007. Retrieved September 8, 2007.
  32. ↑ National Hurricane Center TROPICAL STORM GABRIELLE TROPICAL CYCLONE UPDATE 1215 PM EDT SUN SEP 09 2007
  33. ↑ National Hurricane Center Tropical Depression GABRIELLE Public Advisory # 11
  34. ↑ National Hurricane Center Tropical Depression GABRIELLE Public Advisory # 16
  35. ↑ National Hurricane Center : TROPICAL DEPRESSION EIGHT DISCUSSION NUMBER 1 , September 12
  36. ↑ National Hurricane Center: TROPICAL DEPRESSION EIGHT DISCUSSION NUMBER 4 of 13 September 2007 5:00 EDT
  37. ↑ National Hurricane Center: TROPICAL STORM INGRID ADVISORY NUMBER 7 of September 13, 2007 11:00 p.m. AST
  38. ↑ National Hurricane Center: TROPICAL DEPRESSION INGRID ADVISORY NUMBER 13 of September 15, 2007 11:00 a.m. AST
  39. ↑ Tropical Depression Nine Discussion Number 1 ( English ) National Hurricane Center . September 12, 2007. Retrieved September 15, 2012.
  40. ^ Tropical Storm Humberto Intermediate Advisory Number 1A ( English ) National Hurricane Center. September 12, 2007. Retrieved September 15, 2012.
  41. ↑ Michelle Mainelli, Lixion Avila: Hurricane Humberto Specia Advisory Number 4 ( English ) National Hurricane Center. September 13, 2007. Retrieved September 15, 2012.
  42. ↑ Michelle Mainelli: Hurricane Humberto Tropical Cyclone Update ( English ) National Hurricane Center. September 13, 2007. Retrieved September 15, 2012.
  43. ^ Hedge: Public Advisory 11 for the Remnants of Humberto . Hydrometeorological Prediction Center. 2007. Accessed on September 14, 2007.  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.hpc.ncep.noaa.gov  
  44. ↑ Houston Chronicle : "Victims of Humberto assess damage" ( Memento of the original from September 15, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , September 14, 2007 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.chron.com
  45. ^ Franklin: Public Advisory 1 - Subtropical Depression TEN ( English ) National Hurricane Center. 2007. Retrieved September 21, 2007.
  46. ↑ http://www.orlandosentinel.com/news/local/lake/orl-bk-tornadowarning092007,0,1891646.story?track=rss  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically defective marked. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.orlandosentinel.com  
  47. ↑ Knabb: Public Advisory 1 - Subtropical Depression TEN ( English ) National Hurricane Center. 2007. Retrieved September 21, 2007.
  48. ^ Pasch: Public Advisory 2 - Subtropical Storm JERRY ( English ) National Hurricane Center. 2007. Accessed December 1, 2008.
  49. ^ Richard Pasch: Tropical Depression Jerry Discussion Number 6 ( English ) September 24, 2007. Retrieved September 15, 2012.
  50. ↑ James Franklin: Tropical Storm Jerry Discussion Number 8 ( English ) September 24, 2007. Retrieved September 15, 2012.
  51. ↑ http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2007/al12/al122007.discus.002.shtml ?
  52. ↑ http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/text/refresh/MIATCDAT2+shtml/270250.shtml
  53. ^ National Hurricane Center. Richard J. Pasch. Tropical Cyclone Report "Karen" . November 27, 2007 (accessed December 1, 2007, PDF; 1.5 MB)
  54. ↑ Knabb: September 9th 11:30 am at Tropical Weather Outlook . National Hurricane Center. 2007. Retrieved September 26, 2007.
  55. ↑ Beven: September 22nd, 5:30 am at Tropical Weather Outlook . National Hurricane Center. 2007. Retrieved September 26, 2007.
  56. ^ Lixion Avila and Blake: September 22nd, 5:30 pm Tropical Weather Outlook . National Hurricane Center. 2007. Retrieved September 26, 2007.
  57. ↑ Rick Knabb and Rhome: Sep 23 5:30 am at Tropical Weather Outlook . National Hurricane Center. 2007-09-23. Retrieved September 26, 2007.
  58. ↑ James Franklin and Brown: Sept. 24 5:30 pm Tropical Weather Outlook . National Hurricane Center. 2007-09-24. Retrieved September 26, 2007.
  59. ^ Franklin: Tropical Depression Thirteen Discussion 1 . National Hurricane Center. 2007. Retrieved September 26, 2007.
  60. ↑ Avila: Tropical Depression Fourteen Discussion 1 . National Hurricane Center. 2007. Retrieved September 29, 2007.
  61. ↑ Knabb: Tropical Storm Melissa Discussion 4 . National Hurricane Center. 2007. Retrieved September 29, 2007.
  62. ↑ James Franklin: Tropical Depression Fifteen Advisory Number 1 ( English ) National Hurricane Center. October 11, 2007. Retrieved September 21, 2012.
  63. ^ Lixion Avila: Tropical Depression Fifteem Forecaste / Advisory Number 5 ( English ) National Hurricane Center. October 12, 2007. Retrieved September 21, 2012.
  64. ↑ NHC: TROPICAL DEPRESSION SIXTEEN DISCUSSION NUMBER 1
  65. ↑ NHC: DEPRESSION SIXTEEN ADVISORY NUMBER 2
  66. ↑ NHC: TROPICAL STORM NOEL TROPICAL CYCLONE UPDATE 140 PM EDT SUN OCT 28 2007
  67. ^ Neue Zürcher Zeitung : Mexican member state Tabasco under water , November 3, 2007
  68. ↑ Pablo Soroa Ferndández: Lluvia provocan primer vertimiento de la presa Pozo Azul (Spanish) , Granma . Archived from the original on June 23, 2008. Retrieved September 15, 2012. 
  69. ^ Nota informativa (Spanish) , Granma. November 8, 2007. Archived from the original on April 14, 2008. Retrieved on September 22, 2012. 
  70. ↑ Heavy rains continue to pound region in wake of deadly Noel (English) , Miami Herald. October 2007.  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.miamiherald.com  
  71. ↑ NHC: TROPICAL STORM NOEL ADVISORY NUMBER 17
  72. ↑ NHC: TROPICAL STORM NOEL FORECAST DISCUSSION NUMBER 21
  73. ↑ "Noel" becomes a hurricane - Over 100 dead , Die Welt . November 2, 2007. Retrieved September 22, 2012. 
  74. ↑ NHC: TROPICAL STORM NOEL FORECAST DISCUSSION NUMBER 25
  75. ↑ Canadian Hurricane Center : Hurricane Information Statement ( memento November 5, 2007 on WebCite ), November 4, 2007, 6:00 p.m. AST
  76. ↑ NHC: SUBTROPICAL STORM OLGA DISCUSSION NUMBER 1 , December 10th 2007
  77. ↑ NHC: SUBTROPICAL STORM OLGA DISCUSSION NUMBER 5 , December 10th 2007
  78. ↑ 2007 Atlantic Ocean Tropical Cyclones . NOAA . June 1, 2007. Archived from the original on December 25, 2007. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved June 3, 2007. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / lwf.ncdc.noaa.gov
  79. ^ Dean, Felix and Noel "Retired" from List of Storm Names . NOAA. May 13, 2008. Retrieved December 1, 2008.