Hurricane Felix

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Hurricane Felix
Category 5 hurricane ( SSHWS )
Hurricane Felix near the time of its greatest intensity
Hurricane Felix near the time of its greatest intensity
Emergence August 31, 2007
resolution September 5, 2007
Peak wind
speed
175  mph (280  km / h ) (sustained for 1 minute)
Lowest air pressure 929  mbar ( hPa ; 27.4  inHg )
dead 130 direct, 3 indirect
Property damage US $ 50.38 million (2007)
Affected
areas 		southern Leeward Islands , ABC Islands , Venezuela , Nicaragua , Honduras , El Salvador , Guatemala
Season overview:
2007 Atlantic hurricane season

The Hurricane Felix was a Category 5 hurricane , the 2007 Central America met. Felix, the sixth named storm, second hurricane, and second Category 5 hurricane of the season, emerged from a tropical wave on August 31 and passed the Southern Leeward Islands on September 1 before intensifying into a hurricane. A day later, the hurricane began to rapidly intensify into a major hurricane, and on September 3rd it reached the highest category on the five-point Saffir-Simpson hurricane wind scale . Later that day, it initially weakened back to Category 4, but intensified again into a Category 5 storm on September 4.

Felix landed on September 4th as a Category 5 hurricane near the border region of Nicaragua and Honduras , also known as the Miskito Coast , exactly half a month after Hurricane Dean hit Mexico with the same intensity. Hurricane Felix hit land on the same day as Hurricane Henriette from the Eastern Pacific, which struck the coast of Baja California . This was only the second time in history that hurricanes from the Atlantic and Eastern Pacific had hit land on the same day. The last time this happened was on August 23, 1992 when Hurricane Andrew struck the Bahamas and Hurricane Lester struck Baja California. Hurricane Felix killed at least 133 people.

Storm course

Course of hurricane Felix

On August 24, a tropical wave left the coast of Africa and initially moved westward at 23 km / h without deep convection . The wave axis was initially difficult to locate using satellite imagery, but as it moved through an area with more humid conditions, an area of ​​scattered thunderstorm activity emerged on it . On August 25, satellite imagery revealed a broad cyclonic spin north of the ITCZ . The wave continued to develop strong to moderate convection, and on August 27, a 1012 mbar low pressure area formed approximately 1340 km west-southwest of Praia . The system could not develop any better in the coming days, but on August 30th the wave was able to define itself better, as the cyclonic turning could be more clearly perceived in the low. The convection increased the next day and a reconnaissance flight discovered a closed ground circulation in the system. Accordingly, the NHC upgraded the system to Tropical Depression Six, while it was about 295 km east-southeast of the Southern Leeward Islands . The system eventually moved west-northwest due to a strong high pressure ridge in the north. The tropical cyclone was in an area with warm water temperatures and slight wind shear , so it was able to intensify into a tropical storm on September 1, shortly after it passed over Grenada . Felix was then able to strengthen himself quickly with a dense core area and curved rainbands and developed an eye-catcher on the same day. Based on data from the reconnaissance plane, the NHC estimated that the storm intensified into a hurricane on September 2, 250 km east-northeast of Bonaire .

Felix from the International Space Station as seen from

The hurricane was now moving in an area with extremely low wind shear and very high oceanic heat content (that is, the 26 ° C isotherm that a hurricane needs to intensify to a great depth) and could therefore quickly clear Develop a defined eye , a symmetrical structure and good vertical discharge . Felix was then upgraded to a major hurricane that same day. The hurricane then continued to intensify rapidly and a little later could intensify into a category 4 hurricane with a central pressure of 957 mbar. This corresponds to a central pressure drop of 3.4 mbar per hour, which the NHC classified as "one of the more rapid intensifications that we have observed". A reconnaissance aircraft observed a so-called stage effect in the eye of the cyclone and noticed that the eye had shrunk to a diameter of 22 km . A subsequent reconnaissance flight recorded altitude winds of 280 km / h in the southwest quadrant of the Eyewall, and ground winds of 306 km / h were recorded in the northeast part of the Eyewall, with the NHC indicating that this value may have been distorted by sleet in the clouds. Based on these observations, the NHC determined that the storm had reached Category 5 on September 3, with wind speeds of 280 km / h. During the observations, the reconnaissance aircraft got into extreme turbulence and potentially dangerous sleet and had to abort the mission.

Felix approaches Central America

The system continued to move west , and the diameter of the storm's eye decreased to 12 miles. The NHC estimates that the hurricane reached its greatest intensity around 9 hours after it was classified as Category 5, with a central pressure of 929 mbar. At first it was predicted that the storm would move west-northwest, hitting Belize before crossing the Yucatán Peninsula . This did not come true, and the storm was moving straight west. Later, the cloud peaks began to warm near the center of the storm and the storm weakened to Category 4, with wind speeds of 235 km / h. On September 4th, Felix completed an eyewall replacement cycle and amplified into a Category 5 hurricane for the second time. Shortly afterwards, he went ashore with winds of 260 km / h in the extreme northeast of Nicaragua . The storm could maintain remarkable structure nine hours after it reached the mainland, but the winds weakened rapidly. On September 5, Felix weakened into a tropical storm and the high-altitude circulation separated from the ground circulation. The system weakened to a tropical depression when it moved into southern Honduras , and shortly thereafter Felix degenerated into a broad residual depression.

Preparations

When Felix developed into a tropical cyclone, tropical storm warnings were issued for Saint Vincent and the Grenadines , Tobago and Grenada and tropical storm watches were issued for the Venezuelan coast from Cumaná to Pedernales , including Isla Margarita , as well as for the ABC islands . Tobago's National Emergency Management Agency was fully activated and provided 79 shelters. At the same time as Felix was upgraded to a tropical storm, the tropical storm guards for the ABC islands were replaced with tropical storm warnings. On September 2, a hurricane watch was issued for the islands, after which many tourists tried to leave the islands by air to avoid the storm. Also on September 2, the government of Jamaica issued a tropical storm watch, which was canceled after the storm passed far south of the island. A tropical storm watch was issued for Grand Cayman later that day and a tropical storm warning was issued for Providencia the next day . On September 3rd, a hurricane watch was issued for the Caribbean coast of Guatemala , as well as for the entire coast of Belize .

Early on September 3, the government of Honduras issued a hurricane watch for the coast from El Limón to the Honduran-Nicaraguan border, which was replaced with a hurricane warning six hours later. At the same time, a hurricane watch was extended to the Honduran-Guatemalan border and a tropical storm warning was set up for that area the next day. Authorities ordered evacuations for residents of the low-lying coastal areas, and on September 3, 300 tourists were brought to safety from Islas de la Bahía and an additional 400 were preparing to leave by plane. About 2,000 people were evacuated from the coastal areas.

On September 3, about 21 hours before the storm arrived, the Nicaraguan authorities issued a hurricane warning from Puerto Cabezas north to the border. A tropical storm warning was issued from Puerto Cabezas south to Prinzapolka about 12 hours before the storm arrived . Before the storm hit, authorities sent around 63 tons of meals and emergency supplies to the affected area.

Effects

Caribbean Islands

Felix passes Aruba

On September 1st, at approximately 12 p.m. UTC , a gust of 74 km / h was recorded in Barbados and at about the same time a gust of 71 km / h was recorded in St. Vincent . The storm caused heavy rains on the Leeward Islands. In Trinidad caused heavy rainfall and mudslides numerous bridges were destroyed by running over the banks of rivers, strong winds damaged several buildings on the island. On the neighboring island of Tobago , the damage was concentrated in the northern half of the island, where heavy rains triggered mudslides. The damage in Tobago are on $ 40,000 US dollar appreciated. Felix caused gusty winds in Grenada , which destroyed several electricity pylons and also damaged the roof on two buildings. High waves also tore some ships from their anchors. In St. Lucia , the winds of the storm damaged the roof of a shop in Castries . As a result, the roof collapsed and destroyed 12 vehicles.

The storm brought gusty winds and heavy rain on the ABC Islands, but the damage on Bonaire was limited. The heavy rains flooded several houses on Curaçao . In Aruba , the winds damaged a home and caused a brief power outage in a northern village. Hurricane Felix caused high winds and waves over ten feet along the north coast of Venezuela, with a man disappearing in Puerto Cabellos.

Central America

According to initial reports, the storm caused severe damage in Nicaragua and Honduras , where the storm had landed. Almost every building in Puerto Cabezas suffered at least roof damage. Floods and mudslides have been reported along the Miskito coast , destroying many houses (mostly poor dwellings) and blocking highways. The Nicaraguan government declared the northern Caribbean coast a disaster area. The Miskito Keys, which are about 70 km from the city of Bilwi by the sea, were among the hardest hit areas. Felix did not reach the Miskito Keys, but his foothills developed the greatest force there. The winds of the hurricane of more than 260 km / h destroyed the Keys completely and only the pillars, which were the foundation of the houses, remained.

At least 133 people were killed in the storm, 130 of them in Nicaragua alone. Few details were known, but 25 Miskito fishermen were swept away, one victim drowned on a boat, one victim from a fallen tree and one indirect victim due to medical complications during childbirth have been reported. At least three deaths have been reported in Honduras. One of them happened during a motorboat accident due to the heavy rain and landslides and two happened during flooding in the capital Tegucigalpa . However, hundreds of people were missing, most of them on the high seas, with several people reappearing.

According to official figures, at least 40,000 people were affected by the cyclone and 9,000 houses were destroyed, most of them in Bilwi (Puerto Cabezas), which has been declared a disaster area by the government. A total lack of aid and supplies has been reported from the area. Then sent Venezuela , Cuba , the United States and Honduras immediately relief supplies to the disaster area and the Nicaraguan Red Cross launched an appeal for donations across the country. Nicaraguan President Daniel Ortega visited the city of Bilwi the day after the disaster and promised the people affected that the destroyed buildings would be rebuilt. The destruction in Nicaragua was about $ 46.7 million dollars .

Flooding has also been reported in Honduras, particularly Tegucigalpa and the northwestern regions, where two overflowed rivers inundated an agricultural area. Floods were also reported on the coast of Guatemala and 850 people had to be brought to safety. Because of crop failures, there was a loss of $ 3.64 million dollars in Honduras.

aftermath

According to Felix, around 160,000 people suffered in distress as the storm severely affected many communities. The United Nations launched a call for $ 48 million in emergency aid to the hardest hit areas, particularly Nicaragua. The United States provided approximately $ 1.17 million in aid and the European Union donated one million euros.

Deletion of the name

The name Felix was officially removed from the list of names for tropical cyclones in the Atlantic on May 13, 2008 during the annual WMO meeting in Orlando , Florida due to the large number of victims . The name Felix was replaced by Fernand.

See also

Web links

Commons : Hurricane Felix  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ National Climatic Data Center: September 2007 Global Hazards and Significant Events . 2007. Retrieved March 16, 2008.
  2. ↑ Jack Beven: Hurricane Felix Tropical Cyclone Report (PDF; 431 kB) National Hurricane Center. 2008. Retrieved January 18, 2008.
  3. ^ Wallace: Aug. 24 Tropical Weather Discussion . National Hurricane Center. 2007. Archived from the original on February 17, 2011. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved September 1, 2007. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / ftp.met.fsu.edu
  4. ^ Willis: Aug. 24 Tropical Weather Discussion (2) . National Hurricane Center. 2007. Accessed on September 1, 2007.  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: dead link / ftp.met.fsu.edu  
  5. ^ Cangialosi: August 25 Tropical Weather Discussion . National Hurricane Center. 2007. Accessed on September 1, 2007.  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: dead link / ftp.met.fsu.edu  
  6. ↑ Cangialosi: August 25 Tropical Weather Discussion (2) . National Hurricane Center. 2007. Accessed on September 1, 2007.  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: dead link / ftp.met.fsu.edu  
  7. ^ Formosa: August 27 Tropical Weather Discussion . National Hurricane Center. 2007. Accessed on September 1, 2007.  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: dead link / ftp.met.fsu.edu  
  8. ↑ Mainelli: August 30 Tropical Weather Outlook . National Hurricane Center. 2007. Accessed on September 1, 2007.  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: dead link / ftp.met.fsu.edu  
  9. ↑ Augierre: August 30 Tropical Weather Discussion . National Hurricane Center. 2007. Accessed on September 1, 2007.  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: dead link / ftp.met.fsu.edu  
  10. ↑ Knabb: August 31 Tropical Weather Outlook . National Hurricane Center. 2007. Accessed on September 1, 2007.  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: dead link / ftp.met.fsu.edu  
  11. ^ Blake & Avila: Tropical Depression Six Discussion One . National Hurricane Center. 2007. Retrieved September 1, 2007.
  12. ^ Knabb: Tropical Storm Felix Discussion Three . National Hurricane Center. 2007. Retrieved September 1, 2007.
  13. ^ Blake & Avila: Tropical Storm Felix Discussion Four . National Hurricane Center. 2007. Retrieved September 1, 2007.
  14. ↑ Blake & Avila: Tropical Storm Felix Discussion Five . National Hurricane Center. 2007. Retrieved September 1, 2007.
  15. ↑ a b Beven: Hurricane Felix Public Advisory Five-A . National Hurricane Center. 2007. Retrieved September 1, 2007.
  16. ^ Pasch: Hurricane Felix Discussion Eight . National Hurricane Center. 2007. Retrieved September 2, 2007.
  17. ^ Pasch: Hurricane Felix Public Advisory Eight-A . National Hurricane Center. 2007. Retrieved September 2, 2007.
  18. ^ Pasch: Hurricane Felix Discussion Nine . National Hurricane Center. 2007. Retrieved September 2, 2007.
  19. ^ Franklin & Brown: Hurricane Felix Special Discussion Ten . National Hurricane Center. 2007. Retrieved September 2, 2007.
  20. ↑ Knabb: Hurricane Felix Discussion Twelve . National Hurricane Center. 2007. Retrieved September 3, 2007.
  21. ^ Pasch: Hurricane Felix Discussion Thirteen . National Hurricane Center. 2007. Retrieved September 3, 2007.
  22. ↑ a b Pasch: Hurricane Felix Public Advisory Thirteen-A . National Hurricane Center. 2007. Retrieved September 3, 2007.
  23. ↑ Knabb: Hurricane Felix Discussion Sixteen . National Hurricane Center. 2007. Retrieved September 4, 2007.
  24. ^ Pasch: Hurricane Felix Public Advisory Sixteen-A . National Hurricane Center. 2007. Retrieved September 4, 2007.
  25. ^ Pasch: Hurricane Felix Discussion Eighteen . National Hurricane Center. 2007. Retrieved September 5, 2007.
  26. ^ Beven: Tropical Storm Felix Discussion Nineteen . National Hurricane Center. 2007. Retrieved September 5, 2007.
  27. ^ Avila: Tropical Depression Felix Discussion Twenty . National Hurricane Center. 2007. Retrieved September 5, 2007.
  28. ^ Blake & Avila: Tropical Depression Six Public Advisory One . National Hurricane Center. 2007. Retrieved September 1, 2007.
  29. ^ Knabb: Tropical Storm Felix Public Advisory Three . National Hurricane Center. 2007. Retrieved September 1, 2007.
  30. ^ Beven: Hurricane Felix Public Advisory Six . National Hurricane Center. 2007. Retrieved September 1, 2007.
  31. ↑ a b Associated Press: Felix becomes Category 1 hurricane as it swirls toward Aruba . 2007. Accessed on September 1, 2007.  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / canadianpress.google.com  
  32. ^ Pasch: Hurricane Felix Public Advisory Eight . National Hurricane Center. 2007. Retrieved September 2, 2007.
  33. ^ Pasch: Hurricane Felix Public Advisory Fourteen . 2007. Retrieved September 5, 2007.
  34. ^ Pasch: Hurricane Felix Public Advisory Twelve-A . National Hurricane Center. 2007. Retrieved September 3, 2007.
  35. ^ Franklin: Hurricane Felix Public Advisory Eleven . National Hurricane Center. 2007. Retrieved September 3, 2007.
  36. ^ Knabb: Hurricane Felix Public Advisory Twelve . National Hurricane Center. 2007. Retrieved September 3, 2007.
  37. ^ A b Franklin: Hurricane Felix Public Advisory Fifteen . National Hurricane Center. 2007. Retrieved September 5, 2007.
  38. ^ Associated Press: Hurricane Felix Aims for Central America . 2007. Archived from the original on September 27, 2007. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved September 3, 2007. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.cfnews13.com
  39. ↑ Associated Press: Tourists flee as Hurricane Felix nears Honduran Miskito Coast . 2007. Retrieved September 3, 2007.
  40. ^ Knabb: Hurricane Felix Public Advisory Thirteen . National Hurricane Center. 2007. Retrieved September 3, 2007.
  41. ↑ Associated Press: Toll from Felix rises in Central America; Henriette nears 2nd Mexican landfall . 2007. Accessed on September 5, 2007.  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / canadianpress.google.com  
  42. ^ Blake & Avila: Tropical Storm Felix Public Advisory Three-A . National Hurricane Center. 2007. Retrieved September 1, 2007.
  43. ^ A b Caribbean Broadcasting Corporation: TS Felix brings rain and damage . September 1, 2007. Archived from the original on September 27, 2007. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved September 2, 2007. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.cbc.bb
  44. ↑ Jensen LaVende: Cars, shop swept away at Carenage . Trinidad & Tobago Express. September 2, 2007. Archived from the original on September 3, 2007. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved September 2, 2007. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.trinidadexpress.com
  45. ↑ Associated Press: Hurricane Felix lashes Dutch Caribbean islands . 2007. Accessed on September 2, 2007.  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / timesofindia.indiatimes.com  
  46. ^ Agence French-Presse: Maximum strength Hurricane Felix aims for Central America . 2007. Archived from the original on July 7, 2009. Retrieved September 3, 2007.
  47. ↑ http://www.miamiherald.com/news/americas/story/224930.html  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.miamiherald.com  
  48. ↑ http://www.latimes.com/news/nationworld/world/la-fg-storms6sep06,1,1334146.story?track=rss
  49. ^ Hurricane Felix and the Miskito Cays . In: ViaNica . Archived from the original on March 23, 2011 Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . Retrieved September 27, 2007. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.vianica.com 
  50. ↑ http://mobile.alertnet.org/thenews/newsdesk/N07466455.htm
  51. ↑ http://www.latimes.com/news/nationworld/world/la-fg-storms6sep06,1,1334146.story?track=rss
  52. ↑ http://www.miamiherald.com/news/americas/story/224930.html  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.miamiherald.com  
  53. ↑ Archive link ( Memento of the original from September 29, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.physorg.com
  54. ↑ MyFox Phoenix | Felix Toll Rises to 64, Bodies Found off Honduras Coast
  55. ↑ http://www.miamiherald.com/news/americas/story/224930.html  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.miamiherald.com  
  56. ^ Hurricane Felix leaves death and destruction in Nicaragua | WORLD | NEWS | tvnz.co.nz
  57. ↑ Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Agricultura y la Alimentación (FAO), Nicaragua: Evaluación de Daños Causados ​​por el Huracán Félix en el Caribe de Nicaragua. ( Spanish , PDF; 1.1 MB) 2007. Accessed March 24, 2008.
  58. ↑ Archive link ( Memento of the original from September 29, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.physorg.com
  59. ↑ Government of Honduras: Honduras: Informe preliminar de daños por Huracán Félix y últimas lluvias - COPECO - Boletín # 53 - 07 de Septiembre 2007 ( Spanish ) September 7, 2007. Accessed March 24, 2008.
  60. ↑ UN calls on world to help Nicaragua rebuild - ABC News (Australian Broadcasting Corporation)
  61. ↑ US Aid Hurricane Assistance to Nicaragua Increases
  62. ^ RIA Novosti - World - EU to donate 1 million euros to help post-Felix Nicaragua
  63. ^ Dean, Felix and Noel "Retired" from List of Storm Names . NOAA. May 13, 2008. Retrieved May 13, 2008.