Hurricane Dean

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Hurricane Dean
Category 5 hurricane ( SSHWS )
Hurricane Dean hits the Yucatan Peninsula
Hurricane Dean hits the Yucatan Peninsula
Emergence August 13, 2007
resolution August 23, 2007
Peak wind
speed
175  mph (280  km / h ) (sustained for 1 minute)
Lowest air pressure 905  mbar ( hPa ; 26.7  inHg )
dead 39 direct, 3 indirect
Property damage $ 3.9 billion (2007)
Affected
areas 		Leeward Islands (especially St. Lucia , Martinique , Dominica ), Leeward Islands , Puerto Rico , Dominican Republic , Haiti , Jamaica , Cayman Islands , Yucatán Peninsula , Belize , Nicaragua , central Mexico
Season overview:
2007 Atlantic hurricane season

Hurricane Dean was the fourth named storm, the first hurricane , and the first major hurricane of the 2007 Atlantic hurricane season . Dean was the strongest Atlantic hurricane since Hurricane Wilma in 2005 and is the ninth strongest hurricane in the Atlantic since weather records began. When Dean hit land in Mexico with a central pressure of 906 hPa , he became the third strongest hurricane to ever land in the Atlantic. Dean, a classic Cape Verde-type hurricane , took a west-northwest course through the Caribbean , where it first passed Jamaica south on August 20, landed on the Yucatán Peninsula on August 21 , and finally on August 22 August, after he had crossed the Yucatán into the Bay of Campeche , hit land again in the Mexican state of Veracruz . At least 42 deaths have been confirmed and the insured damage estimate to 1.8 billion US dollars .

Dean was the first hurricane to land at Category 5 intensity since Hurricane Andrew 15 years ago . Although Dean was a much larger hurricane than Andrew, the storm did less damage as it hit land in very sparsely populated areas.

Storm course

Course of Hurricane Dean

On August 11th, a strong tropical wave left the African coast and encountered good development conditions. The wave was able to develop quickly and on August 13th, after analyzing infrared and conventional satellite images , it was upgraded to a tropical low pressure area , when it was about 835  km west-southwest of the Cape Verde Islands . Light easterly wind shear initially delayed faster development, but on August 14th, based on QuikSCAT data, the system was upgraded to a tropical storm. Dean could then steadily strengthen himself, but a faster development was slowed down by dry air and cooler air flow . On August 15th the system got organized and on the same day it was discovered that Dean was building a partial eyewall . The storm continued to improve its organization overnight and eventually intensified into a hurricane on the morning of August 16 . A high pressure ridge to the north of the hurricane steered the system continuously towards the west , towards the Caribbean .

The storm quickly intensified into a Category 2 hurricane, but afterwards dry air blown into the system by westerly wind shear prevented further intensification and the maintenance of a closed eyewall . When Dean passed the Lesser Antilles on August 17th, a reconnaissance plane discovered that Dean had built a closed eyewall . A little later, the plane discovered that Dean had intensified into a Category 3 hurricane. After the western shear subsided, Dean was able to intensify into a Category 4 hurricane on August 17th and not only increased its intensity, but also its wind field, i.e. the radius of its greatest winds . On August 18, another reconnaissance plane discovered that Dean had developed a double eyewall, which indicated an impending new eyewall formation . Dean weakened slightly on August 19th, after the new eyewall had been formed , just as he passed Jamaica south .

The storm was able to intensify a little later, however, when a double eyewall was discovered again in Dean on August 20 , which however disappeared again a little later. The hurricane , which was still steered towards the west-northwest under the influence of the high pressure ridge , then moved over bodies of water with an extremely high heat content, which means that the 26 ° C isotherm that a hurricane needs to intensify up to a large one Depth is enough, and could thereby be further strengthened.

The eyewall became more prominent and the eye became better defined. The extremely high heat content caused the system to amplify into a Category 5 hurricane less than 335 km before the hurricane hit land in the Yucatán . The hurricane was able to intensify until immediately in front of the country and a reconnaissance aircraft found winds of 270 km / h and a central pressure of 906 mbar , shortly before it hit a relatively sparsely populated area near the Belizean - Mexican border with its greatest intensity met.

The storm weakened over land and hit water again on August 21 as a Category 1 hurricane in Campeche Bay . At first it was feared that the storm could quickly gain strength again, but the inner core of the storm did not survive the interaction with the land intact and the storm could only increase to category 2 strength when it entered for the second time on August 22nd Mexico , this time in the state of Veracruz , went ashore. The storm then weakened very quickly over the high mountains of Mexico and degenerated into a residual low on August 23.

Preparations

About a dozen cruise ships changed their routes to avoid the hurricane and its effects.

On August 15, oil futures skyrocketed as analysts considered Hurricane Dean impact on refining capacity . Various oil companies brought auxiliary workers and "unnecessary" workers from various oil rigs in the Gulf of Mexico to safety. On August 19, PEMEX , the Mexican state-owned oil company, made preparations to halt oil production by moving 13,360 workers from more than 140 oil rigs to safety. As the storm continued to gain strength, additional workers were brought to safety and all 407 extraction stations abandoned. These measures reduced global oil production by 2.65 million barrels and natural gas production by 74,000 cubic meters per day.

Lesser Antilles

As the hurricane approached the Lesser Antilles , the local meteorological services issued storm watchers and warnings, urging the population to prepare. Hurricane warnings have been issued for St. Lucia , Dominica as well as Martinique and Guadeloupe , hurricane watches for Saba and Sint Eustatius , tropical storm warnings for Barbados , Antigua , Barbuda , St. Kitts , Nevis , St. Maarten , St. Vincent and the Grenadines , the American Virgin Islands , as well as the British Virgin Islands and Tropical Storm Guards for St. Maarten, St. Vincent , Grenada , Montserrat and Anguilla .

The airports were closed and emergency shelters were set up for tourists as well as locals.

Greater Antilles

A hurricane warning has been issued for all of Jamaica , for Haiti from Port-au-Prince to the Dominican border, and for the Dominican Republic from Barahona to the Haitian border. Tropical storm warnings have been issued for the rest of Hispaniola and for Cuba , between Camagüey and Guantánamo .

Hundreds of thousands have been brought to safety from vulnerable low-lying areas and coastal regions .

Belize

Hurricane warnings were issued for the coastal regions north of Belize City and the population was asked to prepare for winds of 150 mph. On August 16 and 17, the newly established Belizean Coast Guard conferred with the Caye Caulker and Ambergris Caye emergency committees on the possibility of evacuating these islands by plane or boat .

Honduras

Honduras , especially the north of the country and the Islas de la Bahía , has been put on preventive alert for 48 hours. In addition, reception centers were set up that could take care of 10,000 people for 15 days if necessary.

Mexico

On 17 August, after the request of the state government of Quintana Roo , the Department of Civil Security of the Mexican said Interior Ministry the emergency for the entire state, and the cities of Cancun , Playa del Carmen and Chetumal and the islands of Cozumel , Isla Mujeres and Holbox . On August 18, authorities began evacuating parts of Quintana Roos, moving 2,500 people from Holbox and 80,000 tourists from the rest of the state to safety. With 20,000 prepared food rations, the Yucatán , Quitana Roo's neighboring state, put itself on alert and emergency shelters for 73,000 people were set up in Cancún.

United States

The Department of Homeland Security and Emergency Preparedness of the Louisiana Governorate activated its crisis team to monitor the course of the storm and coordinate preparations. The Governor of Louisiana Kathleen Blanco declared a state of emergency on August 17 and asked for an emergency declaration by the President to grant access to government funds to Louisiana before the arrival of the possible storm. Texas had been hit by heavy rain showers as early as June and July, and Tropical Storm Erin was still keeping the soil saturated. Governor Rick Perry feared that more rainfall from Dean could cause flooding , so he put 250 Texas Park and Wildlife Bureau personnel on standby to assist with possible evacuations by boat. He was also willing to send 10,000 soldiers to the crisis area, but since Dean missed the United States, this was not necessary.

The Texan oil industry sent fuel loads to the coastal areas in order to ensure an adequate fuel supply in the event of a disruption to the fuel distribution due to the storm.

In preparation for an evacuation, the Texas Transport Office also set up its own evacuation lanes.

The NASA shortened the shuttle mission STS-118 in fear Dean could the Mission Control Center in Houston reach. To this end, the last space exit was shortened by two hours, which enabled the astronauts to return to Earth a day earlier.

Effects

Fifteen states felt the effects of Hurricane Dean and the storm claimed 42 lives on its way through the Caribbean . The hurricane first hit the Lesser Antilles on October 17th, and later, when the storm moved into the Caribbean, the outer rain bands reached the Greater Antilles . Dean passed Jamaica as a Category 4 hurricane and intensified into a Category 5 hurricane just before landing on August 21 in the Yucatán Peninsula. On August 22nd, he went ashore again in Mexico , this time in the state of Veracruz .

Hurricane Dean deaths and damage
country Number
of dead 		State /
Region 		State
total 		District /
place 		District
total 		Direct
deaths 		Damage
(USD) 		source
Dominica 2 2 Unknown
Dominican Republic 6th 6th Unknown
Haiti 11 11 Unknown
Jamaica 3 3 Unknown
France 2 Martinique 2 0 ~ $ 270 million
Mexico 14th Hidalgo 6th Zacualtipán 2 6th ~ $ 800 million
Cuautepec 2
San Agustín Tlaxiaca 1
Pachuca 1
Jalisco 2 Puerto Vallarta 2 2
Michoacan 1 Paracho 1 1
Puebla 6th Tepetzintla 4th 6th
Pahuatlán 1
Unknown 1
Veracruz 1 Xalapa 1 0
Nicaragua 1 1 Unknown
Saint Lucia 1 1 Unknown
United States 1 Florida 1 Sarasota 1 1 No
All in all: 41 39 ~ $ 3.8 billion
Total numbers may not match due to different sources.

Lesser Antilles

A lifeguard tower stands between fallen palm trees in Martinique , two days after Hurricane Dean passed the island.

Hurricane Dean reached the Caribbean on August 17th as a Category 2 hurricane through the St. Lucia Canal, which is located between St. Lucia and Martinique . The storm killed six people, damaged homes on the islands and devastated much of the agriculture in St. Lucia, Martinique, Dominica and Guadeloupe , destroying 80-100% of the banana crops .

Greater Antilles

A house destroyed by Dean in Kingston , Jamaica

The storm passed most of the Greater Antilles south, but its outer rainbands brought strong gusts of wind and heavy showers over much of the islands . The Cayman Islands , Puerto Rico and Cuba were largely spared from the effects of the storm, but the storm passed only 80-100 km south of Jamaica and brought winds at hurricane strength and heavy rains that caused floods and landslides with it. The winds also destroyed many buildings and the storm killed three people in Jamaica. Haiti and the Dominican Republic , which share the island of Hispaniola , were largely spared the winds of the hurricane, but heavy rains killed 15 people and left hundreds homeless.

Nicaragua

Although no direct effects could be observed in Nicaragua , a four year old child drowned after a boat capsized in the Kukra River due to high waves and strong winds .

Mexico

Infrared image of Dean going ashore as a Category 5 hurricane

The hurricane hit the Mexican coast near the Costa Maya in Quintana Roo at 3:30 a.m. local time on August 21 . In this wind gusts measured from over 320 km / h. The tourist cities of Cancun and Cozumel were largely spared the effects of the storm, but severe destruction and flooding were reported in the capital Chetumal , just 65 km from the landing point. At first it was difficult to establish contact with the areas of the Costa Maya, which were directly hit by the storm, only later it became known that the area, which had around 200 inhabitants , had been completely destroyed. The storm surge and strong winds destroyed or damaged hundreds of buildings. After the storm landed a second time in Veracruz , two rivers burst their banks in the mountains of Hidalgo state and rain fell all the way to the Pacific coast. The governor of Veracruz, Fidel Herrera, spoke of "an enormous extent of destruction". The oil production was hit not particularly and could be resumed quickly.

Strongest Atlantic hurricane on reaching the coast
intensity is only measured according to central pressure
rank hurricane season central air pressure
1 "Labor Day" 1935 892 mbar ( hPa )
2 Gilbert 1988 900 mbar (hPa)
3 dean 2007 906 mbar (hPa)
Source: National Hurricane Center

At least 11 people were killed by Hurricane Dean in Mexico . 100–200 mm of rain fell in the states of Jalisco and Nayarit . These rainfalls killed one person in Jalisco when a mudslide hit 10 homes. One person was killed in Puebla when he was hit by a wall in his home and 5 others died in mudslides. A person in Veracruz came onto the circuit while doing roofing work and was killed. In Michoacán , a man was struck by lightning under a tree , and in Hidalgo two people died when the roof of their house collapsed.

The insured loss is 400 million US dollars .

United States

While the United States did not experience any direct impact from Hurricane Dean, there were still high waves and dangerous surf currents in Florida . In Siesta Key , one swimmer drowned due to such back currents, and 35 others had to be rescued. The remaining low of Dean moved from the Pacific on August 26th via Santa Barbara to Southern California and brought severe thunderstorms and local flooding with it. The depression crossed the Mojave Desert on August 27, bringing record rainfall to Las Vegas . There it caused minor damage and flooding.

aftermath

Deletion of the name

The name Dean was officially removed from the list of names for tropical cyclones in the Atlantic on May 13, 2008 during the annual meeting of the World Meteorological Organization in Orlando , Florida , due to its effects . The name Dean was replaced by Dorian.

See also

Web links

Commons : Hurricane Dean  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b EQECAT: EQECAT Estimates Dean Losses Between $ 1.5- $ 3 Billion . August 20, 2007. Retrieved August 20, 2007.
  2. ^ A b Pasch / Brown: Hurricane Dean Discussion Thirty Three . National Hurricane Center. 2007. Retrieved August 20, 2007.
  3. ↑ Knabb: August 11 Tropical Weather Outlook (1130) . National Hurricane Center. 2007. Accessed on August 14, 2007.  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: dead link / ftp.met.fsu.edu  
  4. ^ Rhome: August 11 Tropical Weather Outlook (1730) . National Hurricane Center. 2007. Accessed on August 14, 2007.  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: dead link / ftp.met.fsu.edu  
  5. ↑ Rhome: August 12 Tropical Weather Outlook (0530) . National Hurricane Center. 2007. Accessed on August 14, 2007.  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: dead link / ftp.met.fsu.edu  
  6. ↑ Knabb / Blake: August 13 Tropical Weather Outlook (1130) . National Hurricane Center. 2007. Accessed on August 14, 2007.  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: dead link / ftp.met.fsu.edu  
  7. ^ Knabb: Tropical Depression Four Discussion One . National Hurricane Center. 2007. Retrieved August 14, 2007.
  8. ↑ Avila: Tropical Storm Dean Discussion Five . National Hurricane Center. 2007. Retrieved August 14, 2007.
  9. ^ Brown: Tropical Storm Dean Discussion Seven . National Hurricane Center. 2007. Retrieved August 15, 2007.
  10. ^ Blake: Tropical Storm Dean Discussion Ten . National Hurricane Center. 2007. Retrieved August 15, 2007.
  11. ^ Beven: Hurricane Dean Discussion Twelve . National Hurricane Center. 2007. Retrieved August 16, 2007.
  12. ^ Blake: Hurricane Dean Discussion Thirteen . National Hurricane Center. 2007. Retrieved August 16, 2007.
  13. ↑ Avila / Blake: Hurricane Dean Discussion Fourteen . National Hurricane Center. 2007. Retrieved August 16, 2007.
  14. ^ Franklin: Hurricane Dean Discussion Fifteen . National Hurricane Center. 2007. Retrieved August 17, 2007.
  15. ^ Beven: Hurricane Dean Discussion Sixteen . National Hurricane Center. 2007. Retrieved August 16, 2007.
  16. ↑ Avila: Hurricane Dean Discussion Seventeen . National Hurricane Center. 2007. Retrieved August 17, 2007.
  17. ↑ Avila / Mainelli: Hurricane Dean Special Discussion Eighteen . National Hurricane Center. 2007. Retrieved August 17, 2007.
  18. ↑ Knabb: Hurricane Dean Intermediate Advisory Nineteen 'A' . National Hurricane Center. 2007. Retrieved August 17, 2007.
  19. ↑ Knabb: Hurricane Dean Discussion Twenty . National Hurricane Center. 2007. Retrieved August 17, 2007.
  20. Jump up ↑ Beven: Hurricane Dean Discussion Twenty One . National Hurricane Center. 2007. Retrieved August 18, 2007.
  21. ↑ Avila: Hurricane Dean Discussion Twenty Three . National Hurricane Center. 2007. Retrieved August 18, 2007.
  22. ^ Avila: Hurricane Dean Discussion Twenty Two . National Hurricane Center. 2007. Retrieved August 18, 2007.
  23. ↑ Knabb: Hurricane Dean Discussion Twenty Four . National Hurricane Center. 2007. Retrieved August 18, 2007.
  24. ^ Pasch / Brown: Hurricane Dean Discussion Twenty Five . National Hurricane Center. 2007. Retrieved August 19, 2007.
  25. ^ Franklin: Hurricane Dean Discussion Twenty Six . National Hurricane Center. 2007. Retrieved August 19, 2007.
  26. ^ Franklin / Rhome: Hurricane Dean Discussion Twenty Seven . National Hurricane Center. 2007. Retrieved August 20, 2007.
  27. ^ Blake: Hurricane Dean Public Advisory Twenty Eight . National Hurricane Center. 2007. Retrieved August 20, 2007.
  28. ^ Pasch / Brown: Hurricane Dean Discussion Twenty Nine . National Hurricane Center. 2007. Retrieved August 20, 2007.
  29. ^ Franklin: Hurricane Dean Discussion Thirty . National Hurricane Center. 2007. Retrieved August 20, 2007.
  30. ↑ Knabb: Hurricane Dean Update . National Hurricane Center. 2007. Retrieved August 20, 2007.
  31. ↑ Knabb / Roberts: Hurricane Dean Intermediate Advisory Thirty One A . National Hurricane Center. August 20, 2007. Retrieved August 20, 2007.
  32. ↑ Pasch / Brown: Hurricane Dean Intermediate Advisory Thirty Two A . National Hurricane Center. August 21, 2007. Retrieved August 21, 2007.
  33. ↑ Hurricane weakens after hitting country (Sky News) . Retrieved January 3, 2011.
  34. ^ Franklin / Rhome: Hurricane Dean Public Advisory Thirty Four 'A' . National Hurricane Center. 2007. Retrieved August 21, 2007.
  35. ^ Avila: Hurricane Dean Discussion Fourty . National Hurricane Center. August 22, 2007. Retrieved August 22, 2007.
  36. ↑ a b Staff writer: Hurricane Dean Gains Power in Caribbean . Associated Press . August 17, 2007. Archived from the original on September 14, 2007. Retrieved on August 17, 2007.
  37. ↑ Polya Lesova: Crude oil, natural gas rise sharply on storm worries . MarketWatch. 2007. Retrieved August 15, 2007.
  38. ↑ Alejandro Bodipo-Memba: When gas prices go up, blame Dean . Detroit Free Press. 2007. Retrieved August 15, 2007.
  39. ↑ Staff writer: Storm-Drenched Texas Prepare for Hurricane Dean . Associated Press . August 16, 2007. Archived from the original on November 6, 2007. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved August 17, 2007. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.foxnews.com
  40. ↑ Staff writer: Jamaica alert as Dean threatens , BBC News. August 19, 2007. Retrieved January 3, 2011. 
  41. ↑ Staff Writer: Monster hurricane bears down on Jamaica . Agence France-Presse. August 19, 2007. Accessed on August 19, 2007.  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.afp.com  
  42. ^ Beven: Hurricane Dean Public Advisory Twelve . National Hurricane Center. 2007. Retrieved August 16, 2007.
  43. ^ Blake / Avila: Hurricane Dean Public Advisory Fourteen . National Hurricane Center. 2007. Retrieved August 16, 2007.
  44. ^ A b Brown: Tropical Storm Dean Public Advisory Eleven . National Hurricane Center. 2007. Retrieved August 15, 2007.
  45. ↑ a b Pasch: Hurricane Dean Tropical Cyclone Update . National Hurricane Center. 2007. Retrieved August 16, 2007.
  46. ↑ a b Blake / Avila: Hurricane Dean Public Advisory Thirteen . National Hurricane Center. 2007. Retrieved August 16, 2007.
  47. ^ Franklin / Brown: Hurricane Dean Public Advisory Fifteen . National Hurricane Center. 2007. Retrieved August 16, 2007.
  48. ^ Beven: Hurricane Dean Public Advisory Sixteen . National Hurricane Center. 2007. Retrieved August 16, 2007.
  49. ↑ Franklin / Brown: Hurricane Dean Public Advisory Fourteen A . National Hurricane Center. 2007. Retrieved August 16, 2007.
  50. ^ Staff writer: Hurricane Dean strengthens as it takes aim at Caribbean islands . Associated Press . August 16, 2007. Retrieved August 17, 2007.
  51. ↑ Jonathan Katz: Hurricane Dean Gains Caribbean Strength , Associated Press . August 18, 2007. 
  52. ↑ JACQUELINE CHARLES, JIM WYSS, TRENTON DANIEL AND MARTIN MERZE: Dean kills one in DR, heading to Jamaica , Miami Herald. August 18, 2007. 
  53. ↑ hdnews.net ( Memento of the original from October 29, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.hdnews.net
  54. ↑ Alicia Dunkley: ODPEM yet to give final figure on 'Dean' damage (Update7) . September 13, 2007. Accessed on September 15, 2007.  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.jamaicaobserver.com  
  55. ↑ CMC: Dean kills three in Jamaica . August 20, 2007. Archived from the original on September 27, 2007. Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved August 20, 2007. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.cbc.bb
  56. ↑ AIR Worldwide: AIR: Dean Jamaica Losses will not exceed $ 1.5 trillion . August 21, 2007. Retrieved January 3, 2011.
  57. ↑ The Associated Press: Hurricane Dean Death Toll climbs to 8 . August 19, 2007. Archived from the original on September 27, 2007. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved August 20, 2007. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.abc-7.com
  58. ↑ a b Javier Salinas: Provoca Dean 5 muertes y desbordamiento de ríos ( es ) La Jornada. August 23, 2007. Retrieved January 3, 2011.
  59. ^ Pachuca, Hidalgo: Confirman seis muertes en Hidalgo por Dean ( Spanish ) El Universal. August 25, 2007. Retrieved January 3, 2011.
  60. ↑ Staff Writer: Death toll reaches 11 from Hurricane Dean in Mexico . earthtimes.org. August 24, 2007. Retrieved January 3, 2011.
  61. ↑ Agencias: Aumentan a siete los muertos por 'Dean' ( Spanish ) ESMAS. August 26, 2007. Retrieved January 3, 2011.
  62. ↑ a b Blanca Patricia Galindo and Dinorath Mota: Alerta máxima en Hidalgo y Puebla; van ocho muertos ( Spanish ) El Universal. August 24, 2007. Retrieved January 3, 2011.
  63. ↑ Tomas Bravo: Hurricane Dean slams Mexico's Gulf coast, kills two . Reuters. August 22, 2007. Retrieved January 3, 2011.
  64. ↑ Howard Campbell: Hurricane Dean pummels Jamaica . August 19, 2007. Retrieved January 3, 2011.
  65. ↑ Sarasota Herald-Tribune: Lifeguards Rescue More Than 35 Off Siesta Key . The Tampa Tribune. August 23, 2007. Archived from the original on November 9, 2007. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved August 25, 2007. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www2.tbo.com
  66. ↑ MARK STEVENSON: Hurricane Dean Bears Down on Mexico's Oil Industry . August 21, 2007. Retrieved January 3, 2011.