Atlantic hurricane seasons 1810–1819

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The decade of the 1810s represented the hurricane seasons 1810–1819 . While data is not available for every storm that has occurred, some stretches of the coastline have been populated enough to record hurricanes . Each season was an ongoing event in the annual cycle of tropical cyclone formation in the Atlantic Basin. Most tropical cyclones form between June 1st and November 30th.

year place date Deaths Damage / remarks
1810 Jamaica 30./31. July A tropical storm affected the island.
1810 Trinidad and Jamaica 12./15. August A hurricane hit Trinidad and caused severe damage. The system apparently moved towards Jamaica, where there was a storm on August 15th.
1810 South carolina September 11 A tropical storm struck the coast near Charleston , South Carolina and caused little damage.
1810 September 28th Cuba
1810 Cuba October 24th and 25th In the storm known as "Salty Storm" , the air pressure in Havana falls to 29.35  inches of mercury (994  hPa ).
1811 South carolina September 10 many dead A light hurricane hit Cuba and continued on its way towards Charleston, South Carolina. The city was hit on September 10th. The hurricane caused tornadoes and damaged crops on its way through the state.
1811 Florida 4th of October at least 35 A severe hurricane hit the coast near St. Augustine and destroyed numerous houses. 35 people drowned when a gunboat sank .
1811 present-day Florida and Alabama October 11th A hurricane hit Pensacola and Fort Stoddert in the Mississippi Territory .
1811 western caribbean July 20th to 25th A hurricane migrated west of Jamaica towards Cuba. A Spanish ship was lost in a hurricane off Elliot Key on July 26th .
1812 Puerto Rico July 23 A tropical cyclone hits the island.
1812 Louisiana August 19th 100 A major hurricane hit southeast Louisiana after previously sweeping the Caribbean islands. It passed New Orleans directly west and destroyed almost the entire northern part of the city. The hurricane caused severe flooding and destroyed 53 ships. It results in property damage of six million US dollars (1812; in today's prices: 118,806,000). The British fleet in the British-American War was hampered.
1812 Puerto Rico August 21 For that day there are records of another hurricane that hit Puerto Rico.
1812 Jamaica 12-14 October Towards the end of the hurricane season, a hurricane hit Jamaica and affected the island until October 14th. He moved northwest and hit Cuba on October 14th. The cyclone destroyed 500 houses and many ships.
1813 Antilles Arc 22./23. July 18th After the hurricane hit Barbados on July 22, it struck Puerto Rico a day later, leaving more casualties and damage on its way. Probably the same storm hit the Bahamas as a major hurricane on July 26th and curved west past Bermuda on July 29th .
1813 July 29th / 3rd August Caribbean "lots" The storm first moved over the Leeward Islands , then hit Jamaica before moving west and moving to British Honduras on August 3 .
1813 3rd-7th August Bermuda A tropical cyclone passed the island, with the worst conditions on August 4th and 5th. The “tremendous breeze” drove 30 ships onto the bank, which later led to the construction of breakwaters to prevent repetition. The highest wind speeds when the storm passed through were estimated at 140 km / h. The storm was one of the most powerful to hit the island between 1793 and the present.
1813 25/28 August Martinique , Dominica and Jamaica 3000 A powerful hurricane hit Martinique and Dominica on August 25, killing 3,000. The storm then passed Jamaica south on August 28, bringing strong winds there.
1813 24.-29. August Turks and Caicos Islands , US East Coast numerous The storm initially affected the Turks and Caicos Islands before struck the coast near Charleston, South Carolina on August 27, resulting in numerous drowning deaths. Until August 29, the storm moved through the Central Atlantic states .
1813 16th September Northeast Florida or Southeast Georgia 50 strong storm surge
1814 July 1 South carolina Minor hurricane, caused a tornado.
1814 July 22nd and 23rd Puerto Rico
1815 September 3 North Carolina at least 4 Cape Lookout hit by a severe hurricane. This moved northeast through the state and again reached the Atlantic Ocean near the Maryland border . Overland it weakened to a tropical storm but still brought gale winds to New England .
1815 September 23rd New York , New England at least 20
Another northbound hurricane heading north was discovered on the Virginia coast three weeks later. It hit Long Island on September 23, causing damage and destruction throughout New England. At least 20 deaths are documented, but "the loss of life was so great that the newspapers did not have enough space to provide all the details of the maritime disaster."
1815 September 28th South carolina A tropical storm is discovered off the coast of South Carolina, but it did not move over land.
1815 17th-19th October Jamaica 100 A hurricane drifted across the island, killing 100 people.
1815 18./24. October Saint-Barthélemy , Central Atlantic States A light hurricane hit Saint-Barthélemy and then turned northwest. On October 24th, he moved up Chesapeake Bay , delaying the arrival of ships.
1816 5th-8th June Florida A hurricane struck the Florida Keys, causing the loss of five ships. Interestingly, the hurricane appears to have been pulled northward towards New England by an unusual June snow storm in the northeast.
1816 18th of August Haiti Port-au-Prince was hit by a hurricane.
1816 3rd-11th September Martinique , eastern Cuba , and South Carolina hurricane
1816 September 18 Virginia, New York A tropical storm first affected Virginia and then moved northeast to New York. The storm caused severe flooding in the James River catchment area .
1816 15./18. September Antilles Arc There are records of a hurricane that first crossed Dominica and Barbados on September 15, before devastating Puerto Rico on September 18. The cyclone curved between the east coast of the United States and Bermuda out to the open Atlantic Ocean around September 25th.
1816 16.-17. October Dominica and Martinique An earthquake struck the region during a strong storm.
1817 August 1st Caribbean, Gulf of Mexico, East Coast A hurricane was first sighted near Tobago on August 1st . He then moved through the Caribbean Sea and into the Gulf of Mexico on August 6th. It crossed Florida, and when it reached the western Atlantic it drew parallel to the coasts of Georgia and South Carolina. It came overland in southern North Carolina and brought heavy rains to the Norfolk , Virginia area . There the storm delayed postal traffic and caused flooding throughout the mid-Atlantic states as it moved towards Pennsylvania by August 9 . The trajectory of the hurricane appears to be very similar to that of Hurricane Charley in August 2004.
1817 October 21 Lesser Antilles 250 A hurricane hit Barbados on October 21st. After the storm in the Antilles claimed 250 victims, it reached Nicaragua on October 26th .
1818 August 26th to September 5th Atlantic Ocean A hurricane passed Bermuda to the east and the Azores to the south and east .
1818 12th September Texas A hurricane struck the Cayman Islands in early September . He crossed the Yucatán and turned north when he reached the Bahía de Campeche . The hurricane intensified into a Category 2 or Category 3 hurricane before hitting Galveston , Texas on September 12 . The hurricane was "pretty severe" and destroyed everything but six houses on Galveston Island .
1818 22./26.–28. September Puerto Rico, Bermuda at least 1 A tropical cyclone hit Puerto Rico on September 22nd . It then turned sharply past the east coast, as the frigate Macedonian hit a hurricane east-northeast of Bermuda on September 26 and 27. The breeze picked up that afternoon when the ship was 35.6 ° N and 55.7 ° W. At sunset the waves rose to nine feet and on the 27th after midnight the wind turned southeast. The wind intensified and the waves reached a height of 18 feet (5.5 m). At 5 p.m. a man went overboard and drowned. The hurricane reached its full force at 10 p.m., tore the storm ropes and made the ropes superfluous. The main mast collapsed under the load at 2:00 p.m. on September 28, and the cross mast followed two hours later. Sea water seeped into the ship from all sides as the wooden hull bent under the force of 40 foot (12 m) waves. At noon the ship finally weathered the storm without capsizing and the crew finally got to see a sunset on the evening of September 29th.
1818 12-14 October Jamaica, Bahamas A hurricane hit Jamaica and the middle islands of the Bahamas.
1818 6-13 November Jamaica, Cuba A hurricane swept the southwestern Caribbean Sea and hit Jamaica and Cuba.
1818 18.-20. November Jamaica Another hurricane hit Jamaica.
1819 until July 27th Cuba ?, Mississippi Territory 43-175 The exact origin of the tropical cyclone known as the Bay St. Louis Hurricane is unknown, but it likely formed off the coast of Cuba before moving west-northwest to the Gulf of Mexico and toward the US Gulf Coast. It was a small-sized hurricane, but reached an estimated intensity of Category 3 or 4 on today's Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale before it landed on July 27 in southeast Louisiana. The hurricane's strong winds created a storm surge five to six feet (1.5–1.8 m) above normal mean sea level. The hurricane moved northeastward, came over water again before making its second landfall at Bay St. Louis in what is now Mississippi , and then dissolved inland. The hurricane is considered to be one of the most devastating hurricanes to hit the coasts of the United States in the first half. The Bay St. Louis Hurricane caused severe damage across Louisiana, Mississippi, and Alabama. He left behind the remains of destroyed buildings and uprooted trees. Numerous ships were driven onto the bank by the storm surge. One of them was the US warship Firebrand . When the ship capsized, 39 sailors drowned. There have also been reports of people being attacked by alligators , alligator turtles and snakes , which further increased the casualty rate. The hurricane caused over $ 100,000 (1819; over $ 2,070,000 in today's prices) in property damage. Between 43 and 175 people perished; some of the victims were later found washed up on the Gulf Coast.
1819 September Mississippi Territory The tropical storm hit the coast between New Orleans and Apalachicola .
1819 October 13-15 Leeward Islands
1819 27./28. October Cuba, Bahamas A hurricane was recorded that struck Cuba on October 27 and moved to the Bahamas a day later.

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j Michael Chenoweth: A Reassessment of Historical Atlantic Tropical Cyclone Activity: 1700–1855 ( English , PDF; 244 kB) National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration . 2006. doi : 10.1007 / s10584-005-9005-2 . Retrieved September 14, 2012.
  2. ^ The Deadliest Atlantic Tropical Cyclones, 1492-1996 . Nhc.noaa.gov. Retrieved December 28, 2010.
  3. ↑ a b Hurricanes in the Florida Keys ( English ) Treasurelore.com. Retrieved December 28, 2010.
  4. ^ Caribbean Atmospheric Research Center: Tropical storms and hurricanes that passed within 2 degrees latitude of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands from 1515-2004 ( English ) University of Puerto Rico , Mayagüez Campus. Archived from the original on November 18, 2012. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved December 28, 2010. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / atmos.uprm.edu
  5. ↑ Newsletter. June 2002, archived from the original on December 18, 2002 ; accessed on April 12, 2014 .
  6. ↑ Stephen Grellet : Description of the Hurricane of August 18, 1816 ( English ) In: Memoirs of the Life and Gospel Laboratories Stephen Grellet . Book Association of Friends. 1870. Archived from the original on May 16, 2012. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved September 15, 2012. Excerpt from Bob Corbett @ Webster University website @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.webster.edu
  7. ↑ a b hurricane . Rootsweb.com. Retrieved December 28, 2010.
  8. ↑ http://www.srh.noaa.gov/sju/hrcnhist.html ( Memento from October 14, 2008 in the Internet Archive )
  9. ↑ James Tertius de Kay: Chronicles of the Frigate Macedonian 1809-1922 . WW Norton, New York 2000, ISBN 978-0-393-32024-4 , pp. 129-139.
  10. ^ A Time Line of Jewish Jamaica . Sephardim.org. Archived from the original on December 12, 2009. Retrieved December 28, 2010.
  11. ↑ Hurricanes in Jamaica, West Indies. Archived from the original on February 25, 2017. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF) In: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (Ed.): Monthly Weather Review . 28, No. 12, 1900, p. 550. doi : 10.1175 / 1520-0493 (1900) 28 [550a: HIJWI] 2.0.CO; 2 . Retrieved September 15, 2012. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / docs.lib.noaa.gov

Web links

literature

  • David Longshore, "Bay St. Louis Hurricane." Encyclopedia of Hurricanes, Typhoons and Cyclones. David Longshore. New York: Facts on File, 1998, pp. 33-34.
  • Terry Tucker: Beware the Hurricane! The Story of the Gyratory Tropical Storms That Have Struck Bermuda. Bermuda: Hamilton Press, 1966, pp. 77-87.
  • Michael Chenoweth: Ship's Logbooks and "the Year Without a Summer" . In: Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society . Vol. 77, No. 9, Elkridge, Maryland, September 1977, pp. 2077-2093.