hypertrophy
Hypertrophy (from ancient Greek ὑπερτροφία , neo-Latin hypertrophia , `` overeating '') or hypertrophia in medicine refers to an increase in size of an organ or tissue independent of normal growth due to the enlargement of the individual cells , for example as a result of increased stress . In organs enlarged by hypertrophy, there may be hypertrophy as well as hyperplasia , in which the number of cells is increased. The hypertrophy is caused by an increased synthesis capacity of the cells, not by cell swelling . If the triggering stimulus is removed , the hypertrophy can largely regress. The opposite of hypertrophy is hypotrophy , the decrease in size of an organ as a result of cell shrinkage or breakdown.
to form
- The correlative hypertrophy ( endocrine hypertrophy ) is overproduction of endogenous or supplying exogenous hormones caused and leads to a tissue or organ growth . This can occur in the female breast , uterus, and prostate .
- The Aktivitätshypertrophie ( Arbeitshypertrophie ) is the natural adaptation to a physiologically functional burden ( load stimulus ). This includes, for example, the athletic heart and muscle growth through strength training or bodybuilding .
- The compensatory hypertrophy is the pathological adaptation to a pathological burden. Tissue or organ growth occurs in order to compensate for another defect. This is the case, for example, in the case of heart valve defects or an organ loss (e.g. the loss of a kidney ).
See also
- Muscle hypertrophy
- Hemihypertrophy (unilateral hypertrophy)
literature
- Helmut Lingen (Ed.): Medicine, humans, health - diseases, causes, treatments from A - Z / Medical terms / The human body / Natural healing methods / First aid. Special edition, Lingen, Cologne 2006.
Web links
Wiktionary: Hypertrophy - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations
- Entry on hypertrophy in the Flexikon , a Wiki of the DocCheck company