Star anise (genus)
Star anise | ||||||||||||
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Fruits of real star anise ( Illicium verum ) as a spice |
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Systematics | ||||||||||||
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Scientific name | ||||||||||||
Illicium | ||||||||||||
L. |
Star anise ( Illicium ) is a genus in the star anise family (Schisandraceae). It includes 37 types of shrubs and trees that resemble magnolias with their flowers .
features
The leaves are occasionally arranged whorled at the branch end. The flowers are white, yellow, pink or red to brownish red. The tepals of the outer circle of petals are often reduced like bracts , those of the inner circle of petals are often significantly larger.
Dark brown, leathery, woody fruits develop from the flowers of the star anise species.
distribution
Star anise species are native to the temperate to subtropical regions of East Asia and America .
All types contain an essential oil that is similar to that of anise and is of great importance as a spice; it consists largely of anethole .
Systematics
There are 37 species in the genus. Here is a selection of species:
- Japanese star anise ( Illicium anisatum L. ); Home: Korea and Japan to Taiwan
- Illicium cubense A.C.Sm. : It occurs in three subspecies in Cuba.
- Illicium ekmanii A.C.Sm. : It occurs in two subspecies on Hispaniola.
- Florida star anise ( Illicium floridanum J. Ellis ); Home: USA and Mexico (Tamaulipas)
- Illicium guajaibonense (Imkhan.) Judd & JRAbbott : It occurs in western Cuba.
- Illicium henryi Diels ; Home: Central and Southern China (Anhui, Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan)
- Illicium hottense A.Guerrero, Judd & ABMorris : The species first described in 2004 occurs only in the Massif de la Hotte in Haiti .
- Illicium jiadifengpi B.N.Chang : It occurs in southern China.
- Illicium lanceolatum A.C. Sm . ; Home: China (Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Zhejiang)
- Illicium mexicanum A.C. Sm . ; Home: Mexico
- Illicium philippinense Merr. : It occurs from Taiwan to the Philippines.
- Illicium sumatranum A.C.Sm. : It occurs in Sumatra .
- Real star anise or Chinese star anise ( Illicium verum Hook. F. )
- Illicium wardii A.C.Sm. : It occurs in Myanmar.
etymology
The name Illicium comes from Latin and means "attractant" (from illicere = to lure), which refers to the strong anise scent.
swell
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Illicium. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Accessed May 31, 2018.
- ↑ List of species at GRIN
- ↑ a b c Entry in GRIN Taxonomy for Plants.
- ↑ Helmut Genaust: Etymological dictionary of botanical plant names. 3rd, completely revised and expanded edition. Birkhäuser, Basel / Boston / Berlin 1996, ISBN 3-7643-2390-6 .