incubation period
The incubation period (from Latin incubatio , "hatching, incubation", from Latin incubare , "hatch" ) is a term from infectiology and describes the time that passes between infection with a pathogen and the appearance of the first symptoms . The incubation period can be between a few hours and a few years , depending on the disease . This depends on how quickly and in what specific way the corresponding pathogens multiply in the body ( temper , virulence ), how they affect the body, or when symptoms are first noticed.
In the case of poisoning , this phase is called the latency period ; in the case of infections, on the other hand, the latency period denotes the interval between infection and the onset of infectivity .
- Examples
- The poliovirus multiplies in the lymphatic tissue of the digestive tract ( enterovirus ). After one to two weeks, unspecific symptoms such as fever and body aches can occur; this is then the incubation period. About half a week later, the full clinical picture of polio can follow.
- In rabies , the length of the incubation period depends on the location of the bite that was used to transmit the virus . The longer it travels along the peripheral nerves into the brain , the longer the incubation period.
- Local infections have a correspondingly short incubation period.
Incubation periods of some human infectious diseases
illness | between | and | Time unit | comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Adult T-cell leukemia | 60 | more | Years | |
cholera | 0.5 | 4.5 | Days | |
COVID-19 | 1 | 14 (27) | Days | On average (median) 5 to 6 days |
Dengue fever | 3 | 14th | Days | An average of 4 to 7 days |
diphtheria | 1 | 10 | Days | An average of 2 to 5 days |
Ebola fever | 2 | 21st | Days | Most often between 8 and 10 days |
Typhus | 10 | 14th | Days | |
Gonorrhea - gonorrhea | 2 | 3-5 | Days | |
Influenza flu | 1 | 4th | Days | Average of 2 days |
Hepatitis A | 14th | 28 | Days | |
Hepatitis B. | 30th | 180 | Days | 75 days on average |
Hepatitis C. | 14th | 180 | Days | |
Meningitis - inflammation of the meninges | 2 | 10 | Days | Average of 4 days |
HIV | 21st | 42 | Days | |
Whooping cough - pertussis | 6th | 20th | Days | Usually 9 to 10 days |
poliomyelitis | 3 | 35 | Days | Usually 7 to 14 days |
leprosy | 0.5 | 5 | Years | Can also be up to 20 years. |
Quartana malaria | 16 | 50 | Days | |
Malaria tertiana | 12 | 18th | Days | The incubation period can also be several months. |
Malaria tropica | 10 | 15th | Days | |
Marburg fever | 3 | 9 | Days | |
measles | 8-10 | 10-12 | Days | |
Skin anthrax | 1 | 7th | Days | |
Pulmonary anthrax | 1 | 7th | Days | Can also be up to 2 months |
Intestinal anthrax | 1-3 | 7th | Days | |
mumps | 12 | 25th | Days | 16 to 18 days on average |
Plague - bubonic plague | 1 | 7th | Days | |
Plague - pulmonary plague | 1 | 3 | Days | |
Ringlet rubella | 4th | 14th | Days | |
rubella | 14th | 21st | Days | |
Relapsing fever | 1 | 14th | Days | Often around 5 days |
Dysentery - amoebic dysentery | 1 | 7th | Days | |
Dysentery - bacterial dysentery | 2 | 7th | Days | |
Scarlet fever | 2 | 4th | Days | |
syphilis | 10 | 90 | Days | Average of 21 days |
rabies | 30th | 90 | Days | Can also be anywhere from a week to a year. |
tuberculosis | 14th | 70 | Days | |
typhus | 7th | 21st | Days | Extreme values between 3 and 60 days |
chickenpox | 10 | 21st | Days | Usually 14 to 17 days |
Tetanus - tetanus | 3 | 21st | Days |
Web links
Wiktionary: incubation period - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations
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- ^ Pschyrembel Clinical Dictionary . 256th edition. de Gruyter, Berlin / New York 1990, ISBN 3-11-010881-X .
- ↑ Andrew S. Azman, Kara E. Rudolph, Derek AT Cummings, Justin Lessler: The incubation period of cholera: A systematic review . In: Journal of Infection . tape 66 , no. 5 , p. 432-438 , doi : 10.1016 / j.jinf.2012.11.013 ( elsevier.com [accessed January 20, 2018]).
- ↑ There are now reports of longer incubation periods of up to 27 days; Ref .: https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/coronavirus-incubation-period/#ref-12 mwN
- ↑ SARS-CoV-2 fact sheet on Coronavirus-Disease-2019 (COVID-19). In: Robert Koch Institute. Robert Koch Institute, accessed on March 22, 2020 .
- ↑ Gubler: Dengue and dengue hemorrhagic fever . In: Clinical Microbiology Reviews . 11, No. 3, 1998, pp. 480-496. PMID 9665979 . PMC 88892 (free full text).
- ^ William Atkinson: Diphtheria Epidemiology and Prevention of Vaccine-Preventable Diseases , 12th Edition, Public Health Foundation, May 2012, ISBN 9780983263135 , pp. 215-230. Archived from the original .
- ↑ Seasonal Influenza (Flu) , Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, cdc.gov. Accessed 2018-01-20.
- ↑ Influenza (Seasonal). Retrieved January 20, 2018 (UK English).
- ↑ Hepatitis A. Retrieved January 20, 2018 (UK English).
- ↑ Hepatitis B. Retrieved January 20, 2018 (UK English).
- ↑ Hepatitis C. Retrieved January 20, 2018 (UK English).
- ↑ meningitis. Retrieved January 20, 2018 (UK English).
- ↑ RKI - RKI advice for doctors - whooping cough (pertussis). Retrieved January 20, 2018 .
- ↑ RKI - RKI Guide for Doctors - Poliomyelitis. Retrieved January 20, 2018 .
- ^ Leprosy. Retrieved January 20, 2018 (UK English).
- ↑ Fact sheet about malaria. Retrieved January 21, 2018 (UK English).
- ↑ WHO | Marburg haemorrhagic fever - fact sheet. Retrieved January 21, 2018 .
- ↑ Measles. Retrieved January 21, 2018 (UK English).
- ↑ RKI - RKI guide for doctors - measles. Retrieved January 21, 2018 .
- ↑ Cutaneous Anthrax | Anthrax | CDC. Retrieved January 21, 2018 (American English).
- ^ Department of Health & Human Services: Anthrax . ( gov.au [accessed January 21, 2018]).
- ↑ Inhalation Anthrax | Anthrax | CDC. Retrieved January 21, 2018 (American English).
- ^ Department of Health & Human Services: Anthrax . ( gov.au [accessed January 21, 2018]).
- ↑ Pinkbook | Mumps | Epidemiology of Vaccine Preventable Diseases | CDC. Retrieved January 21, 2018 (American English).
- ↑ Plague. Retrieved January 21, 2018 (UK English).
- ↑ Plague. Retrieved January 21, 2018 (UK English).
- ^ STD Facts - Syphilis (Detailed). September 27, 2017. Retrieved January 21, 2018 (American English).
- ↑ Rabies. Retrieved January 21, 2018 (UK English).
- ^ Ministery Of Health New Zealand: Tuberculosis. (No longer available online.) Ministery Of Health New Zealand, January 21, 2018, archived from the original on February 5, 2018 ; accessed on January 21, 2018 (English). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ RKI - RKI advice for doctors - Tetanus. Retrieved January 20, 2018 .