Isch (Kama)
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Isch Иж, Оӵ, Иж / İj |
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 The pent-up Ish in Izhevsk |
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| Data | ||
| Water code | RU : 10010101212111100026890 | |
| location | Udmurtia , Tatarstan ( Russia ) | |
| River system | Volga | |
| Drain over | Kama → Volga → Caspian Sea | |
| source | around 30 km north of Izhevsk 57 ° 14 ′ 7 ″ N , 53 ° 19 ′ 58 ″ E |
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| Source height | approx. 205 m | |
| muzzle | around 30 km northeast of Naberezhnye Chelny in the Kama dammed up to the Nizhnekamsk reservoir. Coordinates: 56 ° 2 '15 " N , 52 ° 54' 4" E 56 ° 2 '15 " N , 52 ° 54' 4" E |
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| Mouth height | about 62 m | |
| Height difference | approx. 143 m | |
| Bottom slope | approx. 0.55 ‰ | |
| length | 259 km | |
| Catchment area | 8510 km² | |
| Outflow at the Lebedinoje Osero gauge |
MQ |
34.1 m³ / s |
| Left tributaries | Posim , Kyrykmas | |
| Right tributaries | Tschur , Ljuk , Bobinka , Tschasch , Warinka | |
| Reservoirs flowed through | Izhevsk Pond | |
| Big cities | Izhevsk | |
| Medium-sized cities | Agrys | |
| Navigable | on the lower reaches | |
 Course of the Isch (Иж) in the catchment area of the Kama |
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The Isch ( Russian Иж ; udmurtisch Оӵ ; Tatar Иж / İj) is a 259 km long right tributary of the Kama in the European part of Russia .
course
The Isch rises in the center of the Udmurt Republic between the villages of Malije and Bolschije Oschworzy. From there it flows in a south and south-westerly direction through the wooded landscape.
After the mouth of the river Lyuk , it turns to the southeast and is dammed shortly afterwards to the Izhevsk Pond ( Russian Ижевский пруд ). This approximately 24 km² reservoir was created between 1760 and 1763 for the water supply of the ironworks of the newly founded Izhevsk . Today it is used for drinking and industrial water production .
After flowing through Izhevsk, the Ish flows in mainly southern directions through a region that is now increasingly used for agriculture. In this area mändriert they are very strong and forms numerous oxbow lakes from. At Agrys she crosses the border with the Republic of Tatarstan . It now largely follows the border between Udmurtia and Tatarstan, even marking it in places, but also switches back and forth between the two republics several times.
After the confluence of the Kyrykma , it turns to the southwest and shortly afterwards reaches the Kama , which is dammed up to form the Nizhnekamsk reservoir .
Hydrology and navigability
The lower reaches of the Isch are navigable during the ice-free period from early / mid-April to early / mid-November. The breaking of the 50–70 cm thick ice, which lasts a few days, is followed by the spring flood caused by the snowmelt , which provides around 60% of the annual runoff. At the outflow of the Izhevsk Pond, 200–250 m³ / s discharge is measured.
The annual minimum runoff, which is around 1.5–2 m³ / s, is usually measured in summer. The total annual discharge of the Isch is 260–280 million m³, between 140 and 180 million of them during the spring floods.
Below Izhevsk, the river is between 22 and 28 m wide and 0.9–2.5 m deep. At low tide the flow velocity averages 0.12–0.15 m / s.
Web links
- Hydrological data of the Ish in Izhevsk on the unofficial web portal of Izhevsk (Russian)
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d Article Isch in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia (BSE) , 3rd edition 1969–1978 (Russian)
- ↑ a b Isch in the State Water Register of the Russian Federation (Russian)
- ↑ Description of the Izhevsk Pond on the unofficial web portal of Izhevsk (Russian)
- ↑ a b c d Description of the Isch on the unofficial web portal of Ischewsk (Russian)