Islamic Movement in Kurdistan
| بزووتنەوەی ئیسلامــی لە کوردســـــتان / عيراق ( Kurd. ) Bizutnawai Islami le Kurdistân ( Kurd. ) Islamic movement in Kurdistan |
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|---|---|
| Party leader | Erfan Ali Abdulaziz |
| founding | 1987 |
| Headquarters | Hewlêr |
| Alignment | Kurdish nationalism , Islamism |
| Colours) | black |
| Parliament seats | In the Council of Representatives: 0 out of 325 In the Kurdistan Parliament : 1 out of 111 |
| Website | basknet.org |
The Islamic Movement in Kurdistan / Iraq is one of the most influential Kurdish , Islamic movements that represent a radical interpretation of Islam in northern Iraq . It has the following names:
- بزووتنەوەی ئيسلامی لە كوردستان / عيراق( Sorani Kurdish with Sorani alphabet )
- Bizutnawai Islami le Kurdistân / Iraq (Kurdish with Kurmanji alphabet )
- Islamic Movement of Kurdistan / Iraq ( English )
history
The Islamic Movement in Kurdistan emerged from an association of imams, supporters of the Muslim Brotherhood and Muslim nationalists in the late 1970s and began the armed struggle against the Saddam regime in 1984. With this, the religious gathering movement also wanted to set an example against Saddam Hussein 's legitimation of the war against Iran as a holy war. It was officially founded in 1987. After the 2nd Gulf War in 1991, the Islamic Movement was able to operate legally in northern Iraq for the first time, but was quickly caught up in internal conflicts. While the conservative wing pleaded for limiting itself to political persuasion, the militants called for a continuation of the armed struggle. The authority of their spiritual leader, Osman Abdul Aziz , was able to prevent a breakup. After the Islamic Movement in Kurdistan participated unsuccessfully in the elections in 1992, it largely operated outside the Kurdish administrative apparatus.
In changing coalitions, the Islamic Movement in Kurdistan played a significant part in the inner-Kurdish struggles from 1993 onwards. In 1993 and 1994 there were military clashes with the Patriotic Union of Kurdistan . She was almost always sure of Iran's support. That only changed when Turkey, thanks to its alliance with the Kurdish Democratic Party of Mesud Barzani , threatened to gain increasing influence, which caused Iran to shift. In May 1997, Tehran brokered a peace agreement between the Islamic Movement and the Patriotic Union of Kurdistan by Celal Talabani , in which both sides agreed on political cooperation. The agreement causes resentment especially among jihadists who do not want to accept a reduction in their armed units. Personal animosities and intrigues make the break inevitable.
The Kurdish Hamas and the Islamic unity movement Tauhīd emerged around the Afghanistan veterans Omer Abdul Kerim Abdul Aziz alias Omer Bazyani and Abu Bekir Hawleri . The two organizations are held responsible for numerous attacks on bookstores, hairdressers and acid attacks on women in Erbil and Suleymaniye . The Tawhid is said to have committed the murder of the influential KDP politician Franso Hariri . The Islamic Movement was hit particularly hard by the split of the Second Soran Unit (Hezi Dui-Soran) under Aso Hawleri and Abu Khubaib, which had formed its military backbone with several hundred fighters.
After the death of Osman Abdul Aziz, his brothers Ali and Siddik tried again in August 1999 to repair the cracks. The Islamic Movement in Kurdistan united with the group "Rebirth" (Al-Nahda, founded in 1992) to form the "Movement for Islamic Unity in Kurdistan" ( Bizutnawai Yekbuni Islami le Kurdistan ). The attempt at unification finally failed in May 2001, when Ali Bapir announced the establishment of the Islamic Community in Kurdistan ( Komele Islami le Kurdistan ) and the Islamic movement was given its old name again.
A few months later, Kurdish Hamas, Tauhid and the Second Soran Unit (Hezi Dui-Soran) around Wuria Hawleri alias Wurya Rash alias Abu Abdallah al-Shafi joined forces to form the Jund al-Islam (soldiers of Islam). On December 10, 2001, the Jund al-Islam merged with another splinter group to form Ansar al-Islam (Helpers of Islam) under the leadership of Mullah Krekar . This is considered to be the mastermind behind the attempted murder on the PUK head of government Barham Salih in April 2002.