Izaak Kolthoff

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Izaak Maurits Kolthoff , called Piet Kolthoff, (born February 11, 1894 in Almelo , † March 4, 1993 in Saint Paul , Minnesota ) was a Dutch - American chemist who was considered one of the fathers of analytical chemistry in the USA . He also dealt with physical chemistry .

Kolthoff studied from 1911 Pharmacy at the University of Utrecht with a diploma degree in 1915. He then continued to study chemistry and was at Nicolaas Schoorl with the work in 1918 Grond principles of iodometric titreeranalyse (basics of Iodometrieschen titration analysis) PhD (after Latin and Greek were dropped as a prerequisite ). At this point he had already published over 30 papers. From 1917 to 1927 he was a conservator at the Pharmaceutical Institute and in 1924 became a private lecturer in electrochemistry in Utrecht. After guest lectures in the USA in 1924, where he also undertook research into synthetic rubber production, he became professor of analytical chemistry at the University of Minnesota in 1927 . He stayed there and was scientifically active even after his retirement in 1962 until the 1980s.

He investigated neutralization titration and introduced buffer solutions in 1915 and investigated redox titrations from 1918 onwards . He was also a pioneer of conductometry , the study of the conductivity of solutions for determining concentrations. In 1920 he introduced the term potentiometric titration . In the USA he investigated gravimetric analysis methods, applied amperometry to organic thio compounds, developed a kinetic method to distinguish internal and external double bonds in polymers, and examined reactions in non-aqueous solutions.

He was a member of the National Academy of Sciences and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (1960). He was also awarded several honorary doctorates ( University of Chicago , Brandeis University , Reichsuniversität Groningen , Hebrew University ) and in 1947 was commander of the Order of Oranje-Nassau in the Netherlands . He received the Robert Boyle Medal of the Royal Society of Chemistry , the Willard Gibbs Medal and the William H. Nichols Medal .

Fonts

  • The use of color indicators: their application in neutralization analysis and in the colorimetric determination of the hydrogen ion concentration, Springer Verlag 1926
    • 4th edition with Harry Fischgold as acid-base indicators: their application in the colorimetric determination of the hydrogen ion concentration , Springer Verlag 1932
    • English translation: Indicators; their use in quantitative analysis and in the colorimetric determination of hydrogen-ion concentration, Wiley 1926
  • Potentiometric titrations; a theoretical and practical treatise, Wiley 1926
  • The mass analysis, 2 volumes, Springer Verlag 1927 (with the help of Heinrich Menzel )
    • English translation Volumetric Analysis 1928, new edition in three volumes 1942 to 1957 with VA Stenger, G. Matsuyama, R. Belcher at Interscience
  • with James Lingane: Polarography, 2 volumes, Interscience 1952
    • First as: Polarography: polarographic analysis and voltammetry, amperometric titrations, Interscience 1941
  • with FA Bovey, AI Medalia, EJ Meehan Emulsion Polymerization
  • Colorimetric and potentiometric pH determination; the beginnings of electrometric titrations, Springer Verlag 1932
    • English translation: The Colorimetric and Potentiometric Determination of pH, 1931
  • Quantitative Chemical Analysis, 4th Edition, Macmillan 1969
  • with EB Sandell: Textbook of Quantitative Inorganic Analysis, Macmillan 1926, 1943, 1952
  • Editor with Philip J. Elving: Treatise on Analytical Chemistry, in three parts by Interscience 1959, new edition in several volumes, Wiley, from 1978

literature

Web links


Individual evidence

  1. ↑ biographical data, publications and Academic pedigree of Izaak M. Kolthoff at academictree.org, accessed on February 24 2018th
personal data
SURNAME Kolthoff, Izaak
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Kolthoff, Izaak Maurits (full name); Kolthoff, Piet
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Dutch-American chemist
DATE OF BIRTH February 11, 1894
PLACE OF BIRTH Almelo
DATE OF DEATH March 4th 1993
Place of death Saint Paul , Minnesota