Zelem Jewish cemetery
The Zelem Jewish cemetery is located in the market town of Deutschkreutz in the Oberpullendorf district in Burgenland . The Jewish cemetery is a listed building .
history
Deutschkreutz was called Zelem (also Zehlem ) by Jews , because the place name contains the term cross - a term which, in the perception of Jews, stands for the brutal oppression in the Roman Empire and for the bloody crusades of the Roman Catholic Church and the devout Talmudic followers were not allowed to pronounce. Zelem was once the largest Jewish community in Burgenland and from 1676 was one of the seven communities under the protection of the Esterházy family .
The cemetery was created in 1759 on the southwestern outskirts near the communal cemetery. The Jewish cemetery also served as a burial place for the surrounding Jewish communities from the 1840s to 1938.
time of the nationalsocialism
In February 1941, all existing gravestones were removed and, shortly before the end of the war, some of them were used to erect road blocks. Only about 40 tombstones survived the Nazi era undamaged. They were brought back to Deutschkreutz from the Vienna Central Cemetery in the early 1990s.
There is also a mass grave of around 265 Hungarian Jews who were murdered by the National Socialists in the cemetery.
Entrance gate
Postponed tombstones
Plaque
Memorial stone
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See also
literature
- Klaus-Dieter Alicke: Lexicon of the Jewish communities in the German-speaking area. Volume 1: Aach - Groß-Bieberau. Gütersloher Verlagshaus, Gütersloh 2008, ISBN 978-3-579-08077-2 ( online edition ).
Web links
- Description at the Israelitische Kultusgemeinde Wien (accessed on February 8, 2016)
Coordinates: 47 ° 35 ′ 35.9 ″ N , 16 ° 37 ′ 33.1 ″ E