Jürgen Kroymann (pedagogue)

Carl Friedrich Kroymann : Jürgen Kroymann at the age of 80

Jürgen Kroymann (baptized June 10, 1739 in Schuby ; † May 5, 1820 in Altona ) was a German typist and arithmetic master.

ancestors

Kroymann's ancestors lived as farmers in Schuby. In addition to the surname Hinrichsen, the ancestors on the father's side also had the name Kroymann , Kreuzmann or Cräumann , which goes back to a field name in the Schuby community. The surname Kroymann established itself in the mid-18th century. According to the baptismal register, Jürgen Kroymann still had the last name Hinrichsen.

Kroymann's father Peter Hinrichsen, called Kroymann (baptized on May 1, 1711 in Schuby; † August 4, 1771 ibid) was a half-hoofed man and married to Catharina, née Hildebrandt (baptized on March 31, 1715 in Schuby; † November 5, 1797 ibid ). The ancestors on his father's side were the half-hoofed Jürgen Hinrichsen (1672–1751) and his wife Catharina, née Knuth (1680–1746). The ancestors on his mother's side were the half-hoofed Jürgen Ratje Hildebrandt (1685–1760) and his wife Maria, née Hinrichsen (1693–1781).

Kroymann had four brothers, including Hinrich and Hans, who was born on July 5, 1754 in Schuby and died in Copenhagen in 1808 . Hans worked from 1788 as an organist at the Copenhagen Garrison Church and achieved importance there.

Live and act

Kroymann attended winter school in Schuby until he was 16 years old. Then he worked in the summer on his parents' farm and as a school keeper in Lürschau . In 1759 he worked as a school keeper in Silberstedt and also gave prayer lessons there. A wealthy farmer made Kroymann an offer to finance a degree in theology on the basis of his own consideration. The pastor J. Witte (1724–1797) from Schleswig taught Kroymann in theology, the typist PN Svensen in Husum taught him mathematical basics from 1764. General Superintendent Adam Struensee, however, assessed Kroymann as too old to study theology and recommended that he work as a teacher, with which he could achieve more. Kroymann then managed the school and organist service in Koldenbüttel for some time and then worked as the first teacher at a free school in Husum. In 1768 he moved to Kosel as a teacher, organist and sexton . The local pastor and school inspector G. Burchardi (1714–1788) often humiliated him here.

Kroymann's friend, the private tutor JD Schöttel from Marienthal, received the offer in 1778 to work as a typist and arithmetic master at the city school in Eckernförde . Since Schöttel was aware of Kroymann's problematic situation, he declined the offer and instead helped Kroymann find the position he was offered. In Eckernförde he improved the school system and published arithmetic books for the first time, which were praised after a short time. Provost Georg Christian Adler recruited Kroymann as a typist and arithmetic master for the Christianeum in Altona because of the books . On June 17th, 1794 Kroymann took his solemn farewell to Eckernförde. In Altona he had problems at first, but was increasingly regarded as a respected teacher due to his diligent fulfillment of his duties and earned additional money with his arithmetic books. In 1816 he received his son Carl Friedrich as an adjunct. On March 31, 1819, he retired at the age of 80 and continued to receive a full salary.

Works

In 1787 Kroymann published the instructions for non-profit computing , which later appeared in later editions under the title Gemeinnützliches Rechenbuch . It was a textbook based on mathematical principles, which was designed especially for teachers, self-study and higher classes in elementary schools. Some chapters were also suitable for older elementary school students. Kroymann dealt in his book with the four basic arithmetic operations, the rule of three, interest, bill of exchange, profit and loss account, mixed calculation and geometry. He sometimes formulated the tasks in Low German. Together with the first edition, he published instructions for algebra , in 1790 the solutions to the most difficult tasks in the book as a booklet, 1796 arithmetic for beginners and an arithmetic textbook for the more experienced, 1808 algebra in basic rules , 1810 an exercise book for bourgeois and commercial arithmetic and in 1819 a textbook on geometry. Since he designed the books for everyday use, almost every book had the addition "non-profit" in the title. Kroymanns Gemeinnützliches Rechenbuch appeared in several editions, fundamentally revised by Christian Davids after 1866 . In 1802, Kroymann translated it into the Danish language.

The Hamburg Society for the Dissemination of Mathematical Sciences made Kroymann an honorary member in 1812. The Schleswig-Holstein Patriotic Society awarded him the Medal of Honor in 1819.

family

On May 19, 1769, Kroymann married Metta Christine Wienke (* 1743 in Geelbyholz ; † September 30, 1826 in Altona) in Kosel . The couple had four sons and three daughters, including Georg Heinrich (born November 9, 1774 in Kosel, † May 29, 1834 in Herzhorn ), who was a pastor in Herzhorn. Another son was the painter Carl Friedrich Kroymann . The grandson Georg Heinrich Kroymann (born January 22, 1808 in Herzhorn; † March 24, 1872 in Bramstedt ) worked as a pastor in Jörl from 1834 , in Selent from 1859 and in Bramstedt from 1859.

Honors

The school in Kosel was named Jürgen Kroymann School from 1968 until it was closed in 1969 .

literature

• Fritz Treichel: Kroymann, Jürgen . in: Schleswig-Holstein biographical lexicon . Volume 5. Wachholtz, Neumünster 1979. ISBN 3-529-02645-X , pages 150-152.

Individual evidence

1. ^ Fritz Treichel: Kroymann, Jürgen . in: Schleswig-Holstein biographical lexicon . Volume 5. Wachholtz, Neumünster 1979. ISBN 3-529-02645-X , page 150.
2. ^ Fritz Treichel: Kroymann, Jürgen . in: Schleswig-Holstein biographical lexicon . Volume 5. Wachholtz, Neumünster 1979. ISBN 3-529-02645-X , page 150.
3. ^ ^{A b} Fritz Treichel: Kroymann, Jürgen . in: Schleswig-Holstein biographical lexicon . Volume 5. Wachholtz, Neumünster 1979. ISBN 3-529-02645-X , page 151.
4. ^ Fritz Treichel: Kroymann, Jürgen . in: Schleswig-Holstein biographical lexicon . Volume 5. Wachholtz, Neumünster 1979. ISBN 3-529-02645-X , pages 151-152.
5. ^ Fritz Treichel: Kroymann, Jürgen . in: Schleswig-Holstein biographical lexicon . Volume 5. Wachholtz, Neumünster 1979. ISBN 3-529-02645-X , page 152.
6. ^ Fritz Treichel: Kroymann, Jürgen . in: Schleswig-Holstein biographical lexicon . Volume 5. Wachholtz, Neumünster 1979. ISBN 3-529-02645-X , page 150.