Jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus
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The Jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus ( JSRV ) is a retrovirus of the sheep and leads to infection of an infectious disease, cancer, the pulmonary adenomatosis of sheep, a broncho-alveolar adenocarcinoma . The name Jaagsiekte comes from the South African Afrikaans and refers to the terms hunting and disease (siekte = infirmity). The virus is widespread in sheep and goats (particularly South Africa and the UK). JSRV was first described in 1983. The full nucleotide sequence of a virus isolate was first published in 1992. It has now been proven that JSRV is the cause of pulmonary adenomatosis in sheep.
The special thing about JSRV is its ability to lead to cancer in the infected organism solely through a JSRV envelope protein (Env), which acts as an oncoprotein . How the envelope proteins trigger the control of cell division and thus the transformation of the target cell and set in motion the uncontrolled cell division is not yet known exactly. The envelope protein either attaches itself to a receptor on the cell membrane, which leads to the activation of further information pathways inside the cell, or the protein directly influences controlling genes inside the cell.
Type II pneumocytes are the target cells of this virus . A still unknown lentivirus could play an additional role in infection by JSRV.
Dolly , the first sheep cloned, had to be euthanized after a JSRV infection and the following illness.
The incubation period is very long and can range from months to several years. No causal therapy is known.
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- ↑ a b c d ICTV: ICTV Taxonomy history: Commelina yellow mottle virus , EC 51, Berlin, Germany, July 2019; Email ratification March 2020 (MSL # 35)
- ^ DW Verwoerd, AL Payne, DF York, MS Myer: Isolation and preliminary characterization of the jaagsiekte retrovirus (JSRV). In: Onderstepoort J Vet Res. 50 (4), 1983, pp. 309-316. PMID 6676694
- ↑ DF York, R. Vigne, DW Verwoerd, G. Querat: Nucleotide sequence of the jaagsiekte retrovirus, an exogenous and endogenous type D and B retrovirus of sheep and goats. In: J Virol. 66 (8), 1992, pp. 4930-4939. PMID 1629959
- ↑ M. Palmarini, JM Sharp, M. de las Heras, H. Fan: Jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus is necessary and sufficient to induce a contagious lung cancer in sheep. In: Journal of Virology. Vol. 73, No. 8, August 1999, pp. 6964-6972. (Full text)