Jaan Piiskar
Jaan Piiskar (* January 30 jul. / 11. February 1883 greg. Farm Kure, then parish Kobruvere , rural community Vastemõisa , Governorate of Livonia ; † 19th December 1941 in Sosva , Sverdlovsk Oblast , Soviet Union ) was an Estonian politician and educator .
Early years
Jaan Piiskar was the first child of the housekeeper Märt Piiskar (1852–1939) and his wife Ann (née Licht).
He attended the parish school in Suure-Jaani from 1897 to 1900 and graduated from the educational branch of the ministerial school in Sindi, West Estonia , in 1901 . In 1904 he passed the exam for elementary school teachers in Pärnu , and in 1907 he took his exam as a private tutor there. From 1901 to 1905 he was a teacher in Võru , 1908/09 in Käru and from 1909 to 1919 as a teacher in Pärnu. In 1913 he founded the Pärnu Business School, where he taught until 1918.
Politician
Piiskar became politically active from an early age. He took part in the Russian Revolution of 1905. In 1906 and 1910 he was imprisoned by the tsarist authorities. He lived under police surveillance.
With the establishment of the Republic of Estonia , he went into active politics. Piiskar joined the Socialist Party of Estonian Socialist-Revolutionaries ( Eesti Sotsialistide-Revolutionääride Party ) and quickly rose to become a leading figure. Contemporaries described him as a level-headed politician with a calm demeanor, a visible contrast to the party chairman, the agitator Hans Kruus .
Piiskar was elected a member of the Constituent Assembly of the Republic of Estonia ( Asutav Kogu ) in April 1919 . Piiskar then belonged to the Estonian Parliament ( Riigikogu ) from 1920 to 1934 in all five legislative periods between the wars.
In March 1920, his party was renamed the Estonian Independent Socialist Workers Party ( Eesti Iseseisev Sotsialistlik Tööliste Party ). Piiskar belonged to the right wing of the party, who advocated a clear demarcation from the Estonian communists . In 1922 the right wing split off as the Independent Socialist Labor Party ( Iseseisev Sotsialistlik Tööliste Party ).
1925 Piiskar contributed significantly to the union of the social democratic Estonian Social Democratic Workers' Party ( Eesti Sotsiaaldemokraatlik Tööliste party ) with the socialist Estonian Independent Socialist Workers Party. The united party was called the Estonian Socialist Workers Party ( Eesti Sotsialistlik Tööliste Party - ESTP).
From 1925 to 1930 Piiskar was secretary of the ESTP. From February 1931 to February 1932 he was in the cabinet of the head of state and government Konstantin Päts education and social minister of the Republic of Estonia.
Secondary offices
From 1927 to 1931 Piiskar was chairman of the Central Union of Estonian Workers' Associations ( Eestimaa Töölisühingute Keskliit ). In 1928/29 he worked as editor-in-chief of the social democratic newspaper Rahva Sõna ("Word of the People") and from 1928 to 1930 for the newspaper Tööliste Hääl ("Voice of the Workers"). He was also a representative in numerous local authorities and from 1923 to 1934 a member of the Tallinn City Council .
From 1919 to 1934 Piiskar belonged to the Estonian Teachers' Association ( Eesti Õpetajate Liit ) and other educational policy bodies and associations. Piiskar was particularly committed to improving vocational training.
Arrest and death
With the Soviet occupation of Estonia, Piiskar was arrested on June 14, 1941. He died in a gulag in Siberia that same year . He was posthumously sentenced to death on February 20, 1942.
Private life
Jaan Piiskar lived with the married Alma Õunapuu (1900–1956?). The couple had at least one son, Olev, born in 1922.
literature
- Eesti elulood. Tallinn: Eesti entsüklopeediakirjastus 2000 (= Eesti entsüklopeedia 14) ISBN 9985-70-064-3 , p. 372
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ P - PIISKAR, Jaan, Mart - Memento 2001 ( Memento of the original from June 12, 2018 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. on okupatsioon.ee
- ↑ http://www.pressimuuseum.ee/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=102&Itemid=60 ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Piiskar, Jaan |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Estonian politician, member of the Riigikogu and educator |
| DATE OF BIRTH | February 11, 1883 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Kure farm, then the Kobruvere parish , Vastemõisa rural parish , Livonia Governorate |
| DATE OF DEATH | December 19, 1941 |
| Place of death | near Soswa , Sverdlovsk Oblast , Soviet Union |