Jacob Maarten van Bemmelen (chemist)

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Jacob Maarten van Bemmelen

Jacob Maarten van Bemmelen (born November 3, 1830 in Almelo , † March 13, 1911 in Leiden ) was a Dutch chemist.

Life

Jacob Maarten was the son of the principal of the Latin School in Almelo Jan Frans van Bemmelen (born April 11, 1803 in Leiden; † December 26, 1830 in Almelo) and his wife Antoinetta Adriana de Kempenaer (born November 24, 1802 in Amsterdam; † 7 July 1878 in Leiden). After the death of his father, his mother moved to Leiden, where he attended Latin school. On September 13, 1847 he enrolled at the University of Leiden to study chemistry with Frederik Kaiser , Pieter Leonard Rijke , Gideon Jan Verdam and Antonius Henricus van der Boon Mesch . From 1852 he became assistant to Petrus Johannes van Kerckhoff (1813–1876) at the chemical laboratory ofUniversity of Groningen , received his doctorate on October 16, 1854 in Leiden with the chemical treatise de Cibotio Cumingii and in 1856 became a teacher of chemistry at the "Akademia Minerva" agricultural school in Groningen.

In 1864 he became director of the Reich Higher Citizens School (HBS) in Groningen and in 1869 director of the Reich Higher Citizens School in Arnhem . After he was accepted as a member of the Royal Dutch Academy of Sciences in Amsterdam on May 10, 1873 , he was appointed professor of inorganic chemistry at the University of Leiden on February 6, 1874, which he did on April 25 with the speech De Scheikunde when empty the fabric knowledge began . Here he taught the composition of the silt soils in the Netherlands, the absorption capacity of soils, the structure of colloids and absorption compounds. His research dealt mainly with the practical application of chemistry in agriculture. To this end, he carried out analytical tests on various soil samples from the Netherlands, the South Seas and Indonesia.

In this way he gained international recognition as the founder of colloid chemistry and soil chemistry in the Netherlands. In addition, he took part in the organizational tasks of the Leiden University and was rector of the Alma Mater in 1888/89 . He also became a Knight of the Order of the Dutch Lion . He retired on September 16, 1901. He worked on the first Van Bemmelen-Freundlich adsorption equation , which was established through empirical research data and which was developed for generalized absorption density of isotherms. This equation has seen several adjustments but has received little recognition. His name lives on in the Van Bemmelen factor , which describes the carbon content in organic matter. With his diverse work on the absorption of chemical substances in other modified substance mixtures, he became the founding father of the theory of chemical absorption .

family

Bemmelen married on August 31, 1858 in Maarssen with Maria Boeke (born June 28, 1833 in Amsterdam, † September 28, 1905 in Leiden), daughter of the Amsterdam pastor Jan Boeke (born April 14, 1804 in Zaandijk, † July 9 1854 in Breukelen) and Jenny de Stoppelaar Blijdesteijn (born May 27, 1812 in Utrecht, † February 2, 1879 in Amsterdam). There are three sons and three daughters from the marriage. We know of these children:

  • Johan Frans van Bemmelen (born December 26, 1859 in Groningen; † August 6, 1956 in Leiden) Professor of Biology at the University of Groningen, married to Adriana Jacoba Paulus (born June 27, 1873 in The Hague; † March 19, 1945 in Suffer)
  • Jenny Jacoba van Bemmelen (born August 10, 1861 in Zeist, † July 7, 1913 in Groningen) teacher of religion
  • Anna Francoise van Bemmelen (born August 10, 1861 in Zeist; † November 16, 1926 in Brussels), children's book author and travel writer
  • Jacoba Maria van Bemmelen (born January 7, 1864 in Groningen, † October 29, 1904 in Steinhagen / Mecklenburg-Schwerin) married. I. May 3, 1888 in Leiden with Joan Machiel Rappard (born January 18, 1850 in Amsterdam, † June 14, 1893 in Leiden); mated II. January 3, 1902 in Steinhagen with Bogislav Wilhelm Ulrich von Liebeherr (* December 25, 1856 in Steinhagen, † after 1934)
  • Karel Anton van Bemmelen (born April 16, 1867 in Groningen, † July 21, 1892 in Soebang (Krawang, Batavia))
  • Willem van Bemmelen (born August 26, 1868 in Groningen, † January 28, 1941 in The Hague) geophysicist

Works

literature

  • Klaus Beneke, Gerhard Lagaly: Jakob Maarten van Bemmelen (November 3, 1830 Almelo - March 13, 1911 Leiden) and the history of the theory of adsorption from solution. Kiel 2005, ( Online PDF )
  • HA Lorentz: Jacob Maarten van Bemmelen. In: Failure of the natural certificate. Amsterdam, Vol. 19, Part II, pp. 1217–1221, ( Online PDF )
  • Willem Paulinus Jorissen: Gedenkboek aangeboden aan JM van Bemmelen, 1830–1901. S. ix-xxix, ( online )
  • Ham Snelders: Bemmelen, Jakob Maarten van (1830-1911). In: Biographical Dictionary of the Netherlands. The Hague, 1979, Vol. 1, ( Online )
  • FAH Schreinemakers: Jacob Maarten van Bemmelen. † (November 3, 1830–13 Maart 1911.). In: Jaarboekje voor Geschiedenis en Oudheidkunde van Leiden en Rijnland. AW Sijthoff's, Leiden, 1912 ( Online PDF )
  • How is that? Uitgevers-Maatschaapij “Vivat”, Amsterdam, 1902, p. 40
  • Onze Hoogleeraren. Portretten en Biografieën. Nihgh & van Ditmar. Rotterdam, 1898, p. 11
  • CA SIEGENBEEK VAN HEUKELOM-LAMME. OCD IDENBURG-SIEGENBEEK VAN HEUKELOM: ALBUM SCHOLASTICUM, ACADEMIAE LUGDUNO-BATAVAE, MDLXXV — MCMXL. EJ BRILL, Leiden, 1941, p. 9

Web links


personal data
SURNAME Bemmelen, Jacob Maarten van
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Dutch chemist
DATE OF BIRTH November 3, 1830
PLACE OF BIRTH Almelo
DATE OF DEATH March 13, 1911
Place of death Suffer