Jakob von Jonas

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Jakob (von) Jonas, also: Jacob Jonas, Jon , (* around 1500 in Götzis ; † December 28, 1558 in Abensberg ) was a German philologist, legal scholar, politician and diplomat.

Life

Born as the son of the farmer Leonard Jacob and his wife Klara (née Benzer), he attended the collegiate school in Chur . He then moved to the University of Leipzig and the University of Wittenberg in 1522 . In 1523 he returned to Chur, where he was ordained a priest and became a teacher at the local collegiate school St. Luzi. Other sources say that he only passed an intended ordination exam, which is more likely as otherwise he would not have been allowed to be married later as a Catholic. In any case, he left the collegiate school and went to the University of Tübingen on February 26, 1526 , where he became professor of the Hebrew and Greek languages on May 1 of the same year . Originally intended for lawyers Jonas received his doctorate in 1532 in Tübingen for Doctor of Law .

Despite his points of contact with the Reformation, he never made a secret of being on the side of the Catholic denomination and was a declared enemy of the Protestant side. In 1533 he became Chancellor of the Bishop of Konstanz , and since 1538 he was assessor of the Franconian District at the Court of Appeal in Speyer , where he made friendly contacts with Konrad Braun and Matthias von Held . There he was accepted into the imperial nobility in 1541. After he became Chancellor of Kurmainz , he was supposed to work as a visitor to the Imperial Chamber Court in 1543. He was rejected by the Protestant stands and accepted a position as Hofvizekanzler Ferdinand I of Vienna .

There he became a member of the law faculty of the University of Vienna , participated in the university reform in 1554 and promoted the Jesuits . He played a decisive role in the royal resolution on the draft of the religious peace, which went beyond the ideas of the Catholic Church. After Charles V had abdicated, he also took over the Reich Chancellery as Reich Vice Chancellor, in which position he died as a sophisticated, passionate politician and diplomat. Shortly before his death, Martin Eisengrein (1535–1578), his wife's nephew, converted to Catholicism under his influence.

Jakob von Jonas had married Anna Elisabeth Eisengrein (1505–1556) around 1530, the daughter of the Stuttgart mayor Martin Eisengrein and his wife Agathe nee. Schell. From this marriage there were four sons and one daughter. Before her marriage, Anna Elisabeth is said to have been the lover of Duke Ludwig X. of Bavaria , with whom she had the daughter Anna von Leonsberg (1525–1559). She later married the humanist and statesman Johann Albrecht Widmannstadt or Widmanstetter (1506–1557).

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Oskar Vasella : On the problem of clergy education in the 16th century. Along with protocols of ordination examinations of the Diocese of Chur (1567–1672). In: Communications from the Institute for Austrian Historical Research . Vol. 58, 1950, pp. 441–456, here p. 446, (detail scan ) .
  2. ^ Sigmund Ritter von Riezler:  Widmanstetter, Johann Albrecht . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 42, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1897, pp. 357-361.
personal data
SURNAME Jonas, Jakob von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Jonas, Jakob; Jonas, Jacob
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German philologist, legal scholar, politician and diplomat
DATE OF BIRTH around 1500
PLACE OF BIRTH Götzis
DATE OF DEATH December 28, 1558
Place of death Abensberg