Jean-André Venel

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jean-André Venel

Jean-André Venel (born May 28, 1740 in Morges ( Vaud ), † March 9, 1791 in Orbe (Vaud)) was a Swiss doctor and orthopedist .

Live and act

He was the son of Jean-François Venel, a surgeon and wig maker from Morges. He later apprenticed to the Geneva surgeon and obstetrician François-David Cabanis (1725–1794) and studied medicine in Montpellier , Paris and Strasbourg . In 1765 he married Marianne Jaccard (in 1786 Emilie Pavillard, daughter of Charles Pavillard, a grenadier captain in the French service).

Venel then practiced as a surgeon in Orbe and Yverdon , then between 1770 and 1775 in the service of Count Stanisław Potocki. Venel opened Switzerland's first midwifery school in Yverdon in 1778. He then turned to the still young field of orthopedics and founded the world's first orthopedic clinic in Orbe in 1780 . (The term orthopedics was coined by Nicolas Andry de Boisregard in 1741.) He created this orthopedic hospital from his own resources. Here he treated numerous orthopedic diseases preventively and rehabilitatively. For example club feet with the Venel direction machine, sabor de Venel , but he also tried to correct scolioses. It was the first hospital to specifically address the treatment of crippled children and their skeletal deformities. Venel worked systematically and not only recorded his methods, but also published them. He can be seen as the father of orthopedics. His institute was a model and was a model for other hospitals all over Europe. Venel had a large part of the medical devices manufactured in its own workshops within the institute.

Works (selection)

  • Nouveaux Secours Pour les Corps arrêtés Dans L'Oesophage; Ou Description De quatre instrumens plus propres qu'aucun des anciens moyens à retirer ces Corps par la Bouche. (1769)
  • Essai sur la santé et sur l'éducation médicinale des filles destinées au mariage. (1776)

literature

  • Eugène Olivier: Jean-André V. In: L'éveil médical vaudois 1750-1850 , Lausanne 1987, pp. 50-102.

further reading

  • Of the Cures of Doctor Venels at Orbe . In: Journal from and for Germany . 7th year, 8th issue, 1790, pp. 89–94 (online) .
  • Bruno Valentin: Jean André Venel, the "father of orthopedics" (1740–1791) . In: Sudhoff's archive for the history of medicine and the natural sciences . Volume 40, Number 4, 1956, pp. 305-336 (JSTOR) .

Web links

Commons : Jean-André Venel  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Werner E. Gerabek , Bernhard D. Haage, Gundolf Keil: Encyclopedia Medical History. de Gruyter, (2004), p. 1439
  2. ↑ The History Of Surgery And Anesthesia ( Memento of the original from January 20, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / historyofsurgery.co.uk
  3. ↑ L. Zichner, M. Rauschmann, K.-D. Thomann: History of conservative procedures on the locomotor organs. Steinkopff-Verlag Darmstadt, (2001), p. 195
personal data
SURNAME Venel, Jean-André
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Swiss doctor, orthopedist
DATE OF BIRTH May 28, 1740
PLACE OF BIRTH Morges
DATE OF DEATH March 9, 1791
Place of death Orb