Jean-Dominique Rachette

Antoine-Jacques-Jean-Dominique Rachette ( Russian Яков Иванович (Жан-Доминик) Рашет * 22. December 1744 in Montpellier ( Saint-Denis (Seine-Saint-Denis) ); † June 10 ^{. Jul} / 22. June  1809 ^greg. in St. Petersburg ) was a French - Russian sculptor and university professor .

Life

Rachette was the son of the sculptor Dominique Rachette and his wife Claudine Bienfait. Rachette studied at the Royal Danish Academy of Art in Copenhagen in the 1760s . At the art exhibitions in 1763 and 1764 his works were awarded a small and large gold medal. In 1765 he married Esther-Christiane von Dockum (1746–1835), daughter of the Danish mill builder Martin von Dockum (1705–1769), with whom he had 9 children. 1766–1769 he studied at the Académie royale de peinture et de sculpture in Paris .

In 1771 Rachette went to Berlin and taught at the Royal Prussian Academy of Arts and Mechanical Sciences , where he was appointed professor in 1772 . He created the sculptural decorations in Wandsbeker Castle (1733–1777) and bas-reliefs in Hamburg (1778).

In 1779, at the invitation of the General Procuror of the Russian Senate Alexander Alexejewitsch Vjasemski , Rachette moved to St. Petersburg and became a master modeler in the Imperial Porcelain Manufactory in St. Petersburg . Rachette became particularly famous for a number of figures from the peoples of the Russian state, who are of high historical, ethnographic and artistic value. One of the extraordinary works of this time was Rachette's “arabesque service” with 973 pieces for 60 people, made for the 20th anniversary of Catherine II's throne, commissioned by Vyazemsky. Mention should also be made of the sculptural decorative elements in the Senate (1779) and in the Tauride Palace . He represented Catherine II as Cybele , which was erected as a copper statue in Tsarskoe Selo in 1788 . In 1785, Rachette was accepted as a full member of the Russian Art Academy . In 1794 he became adjunct professor and in 1800 professor.

In 1804, Rachette left the porcelain factory and worked as a freelance artist. In 1809 he received Russian citizenship. For the large cascade at Peterhof Palace , he created five gilded bronze sculptures from 1806–1809: Juno , Jupiter , Galateia and two groups of naiads with tritons . He created portrait busts and statues of important people, such as Leonhard Euler for the Academy of Sciences , Prokofi Akinfijewitsch Demidow and Pyotr Alexandrowitsch Rumjanzew-Sadunaiski as well as Gavriil Romanowitsch Derschawin and his wife. He created large bas-reliefs for the portico and attic of the Kazan Cathedral .

Before his death, Rachette was accepted into the nobility . He was buried in the Lutheran section of the Smolensk cemetery . More than 20 works by Rachette are exhibited in the Hermitage , the Russian Museum , the Russian Art Academy and the Tretyakov Gallery . A street in the Vyborg district of St. Petersburg is named after Rachette .

The mining engineer and metallurgist Vladimir Karlowitsch Raschet was a descendant of Rachette.

Works

• 

  Grave monument of Alexander Andreevich Besborodkos (1803, architect Nikolai Alexandrowitsch Lwow ) in the Annunciation Church in the Alexander Nevsky Monastery

Honors

• Russian Order of Saint Anne II Class

Web links

• Literature by and about Jean-Dominique Rachette in the bibliographic database WorldCat

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d e} RusArtNet: Jean-Dominique Rachette (accessed June 2, 2019).
2. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g h} Museum Collection: Rachette, Jean Dominique (accessed June 2, 2019).
3. ^ The State Russian Museum (accessed June 2, 2019).
4. ↑ Find a Grave: Antoine-Jacques-Jean-Dominique Rachette (accessed June 2, 2019).