Vladimir Karlovich Raschet

Vladimir Karlovich Raschet ( Russian Владимир Карлович Рашет ; born November 7 ^{. Jul} / 19th November  1812 ^greg. In St. Petersburg ; † 25. September 1880 in Besançon ) was a Russian mountain engineer and metallurgist .

Life

Raschet was the son of a senior civil servant and a descendant of the French sculptor Jean-Dominique Rachette . He completed his training as a state scholarship holder in the St. Petersburg Mountain Cadet Corps , which he left in 1833 with a gold medal. He was then sent to Sweden to study metallurgy at the school in Falun .

After his return in 1836 was as Raschet Bergingenieur- poruchik in the Urals to the Blagodat-mining metallurgical plants at Kushva sent. He was assistant to the manager of the Nizhnyaya Tura steelworks and laboratory technician, and in 1838 he became head of the laboratory of the Blagodat-Berg-Metallwerke. There and in the Wotkinsk iron and steel works , he introduced the Swedish process engineering .

In 1841 Raschet was sent abroad to study iron metallurgy using wood as fuel. On his return in 1843 he prepared a detailed report on the state of European metallurgy, for which he was promoted to major . In March 1844 he became the manager of the Nizhnyaya Tura steelworks and the gold field there . In February 1846 he married the Princess Yekaterina Petrovna Maxutowa (from 1822 to 1897, buried in Paris at the cemetery Père Lachaise ), daughter of the manager of the Gold Kontor Perm Prince Pyotr Ivanovich Maxutow what her daughter Anna was born in November 1946th

In 1848 Raschet was promoted to Podpolkownik and accepted into the mining committee of the Mining Engineer Corps at the Minister of Agriculture and State Property in St. Petersburg, which was responsible for questions of metallurgy, process engineering and the statistics of the steel works. From 1848–1855 he was assistant to the managing director of the Alexander Manufactory . In 1851, Raschet's son Vladimir was born, and the Raschet family was accepted into the nobility . Raschet then became the manager of the Duke von Leuchtenberg's works in St. Petersburg, where the first Russian steam locomotives were built. The first two locomotives, Maximilian and Leuchtenberg , ran for a long time on the Tsarskoe-Selo Railway . He was involved in the construction of Isaac's Cathedral , for which he received a gold medal in 1862.

After the Crimean War , Raschet left the civil service in 1858 and became the manager of the mountain district Nizhny Tagil Anatole Demidoff di San Donatos (until 1861). He constructed a new type of blast furnace which , compared to the previous blast furnaces, enabled increased production at lower costs, so that the Raschet blast furnaces were widely recognized in the Urals and in Europe . He also constructed a shaft furnace for melting copper , lead and silver . Such a shaft furnace was built in Příbram . In 1862 he received a privilege for these inventions . In 1864 a Raschet blast furnace was built in the Friedrich Wilhelms-Hütte in Mülheim an der Ruhr .

In 1861 Raschet returned to the civil service as director of the Department for Mining and Salt Affairs . In 1869 he became a Privy Councilor (3rd class ). In 1871 he became director of the Mountain Council and in 1876 director of the Council for Trade and Manufactures of the Russian Empire . Every year he inspected the iron and steel works in the Urals, in Olonez Governorate , in southern Russia and in the Kingdom of Poland . In Germany , England , France and Austria-Hungary he found out about the latest metallurgy technologies using hard coal and visited the World Exhibition in Paris in 1867 and the World Exhibition in Vienna in 1873 . In 1876 he was dismissed from service for health reasons and was then a member of the mountain council and the scientific mountain council. He died in Besançon in 1880, where he had received medical treatment.

Honors

• Order of St. Vladimir II class
• Order of Saint Stanislaus III. Class (1939), 1st class
• Russian Order of Saint Anne II Class (1851), II Class

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d e f} Prokopi Alexandrowitsch Dilaktorski : Рашет, Владимир Карлович . In: Русский биографический словарь А. А. Половцова . tape 15 , 1910, pp. 520-521 ( Wikisource accessed June 2, 2019).
2. ↑ ^{a b} Great Soviet Encyclopedia : Рашет Владимир Карлович (accessed June 2, 2019).
3. ↑ Заблоцкий Е. М .: Деятели горной службы дореволюционной России. Краткий биографический словарь . Гуманистика, St. Petersburg 2004.
4. ↑ Jörg Grzella, Peter Sturm, Joachim Krüger , Markus A. Reuter, Carina Kögler, Thomas Probst: Metallurgical Furnaces . S. 11 ( [1] accessed on June 2, 2019 [PDF]).
5. ^ John Percy : Metallurgy, or the Art of Extracting Metals from their Ores, and Adapting them to various Purposes of Manufacture. Volume III - Lead, including extraction of Silver from Lead. Part 2: Lead . 1870 ( [2] accessed June 2, 2019).