Nizhny Tagil

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city
Nizhny Tagil
Нижний Тагил
flag coat of arms
flag
coat of arms
Federal district Ural
Oblast Sverdlovsk
Urban district Nizhny Tagil
mayor Sergei Nossov
Founded 1722
City since 1919
surface 298  km²
population 361,811 inhabitants
(as of Oct. 14, 2010)
Population density 1214 inhabitants / km²
Height of the center 200  m
Time zone UTC + 5
Telephone code (+7) 3435
Post Code 622000-622052
License Plate 66, 96, 196
OKATO 65 476
Website www.ntagil.org
Geographical location
Coordinates 57 ° 55 '  N , 59 ° 58'  E Coordinates: 57 ° 55 '0 "  N , 59 ° 58' 0"  E
Nizhny Tagil (European Russia)
Red pog.svg
Location in the western part of Russia
Nizhny Tagil (Sverdlovsk Oblast)
Red pog.svg
Location in Sverdlovsk Oblast
List of cities in Russia

Nizhny Tagil ( Russian: Ни́жний Таги́л , scientific transliteration Nižnij Tagil ); until 1919 Nizhnetagilski Sawod / Нижнетагильский Завод ( Nižnij = Russian for "low", "lower"; Tagil = Mansi for "much water" after the river name) is a city in Russia with 361,811 inhabitants (as of October 14, 2010). It is located in Sverdlovsk Oblast on the Tagil River in the central Urals north of Yekaterinburg .

Nizhny Tagil train station
Tram in Nizhny Tagil
Alexander Nevsky Cathedral
Industry in Nizhny Tagil

history

The story of Nizhny Tagil begins in 1696, when the mining of the rich iron ore deposits in the area began. As a result, the place became one of the early centers of Russian industrialization and an important production site for cast iron and steel. In 1833 the engineers Jefim and Miron Tscherepanow built the first Russian steam locomotive here; they were honored in 1956 with an eight meter high bronze statue.

During the Soviet era, there was a large forced labor camp in Nizhny Tagil within the Gulag system. The Tagil ITL (corrective labor camp) existed from January 1942 to April 1953 and its administration was in the city. The number of prisoners was at times over 43,000 people who were employed in the Nizhny Tagil metallurgy combine and in other industrial plants as well as in road and water construction, for the extraction of natural resources and in wood extraction.

The two POW camps 153 and 245 for German POWs of the Second World War were also located in the city. Seriously ill people were cared for in Prisoner of War Hospital 2929 .

Population development

year Residents
1897 30,000
1926 39,000
1939 159,867
1959 338.501
1970 378.410
1979 398.146
1989 439,521
2002 390,498
2010 361.811

Note: census data (rounded up to 1926)

traffic

The city is connected to the most important road and rail links in the area. National and international flights take place via the nearby Yekaterinburg Airport .

Culture

Nizhny Tagil has a municipal theater, the DN von Mamin-Sibirjak , a youth and puppet theater, a circus, a cinema and video center, two cultural palaces and several museums and libraries. In the city and the surrounding area there are many still preserved or lovingly restored cultural and historical buildings from the 18th and 19th centuries that convey impressions of the architecture of that time. There is also a national park that provides information on the history of iron extraction and processing. School No. 32 and the Ellwangen vocational school center operate a school partnership.

economy

The city is known for iron extraction and processing. The other important economic branches are mechanical engineering, metal processing and chemistry. The metallurgy combine was reorganized under the leadership of Thyssen . Other German companies involved in building the city are KHD Humboldt Wedag International and Erich Friedrich . In 1996, the German-Russian company Tagil-Technoterm started producing heat-insulating materials. The NTMK steelworks with company headquarters is also located in the city .

The most important company in Nizhny Tagil is the engineering factory, the world's largest armored vehicle manufacturer Uralvagonzavod .

A common theory is that the copper used for the Statue of Liberty comes from Nizhny Tagil (but the copper mining town of Sulitjelma in Norway also claims the same about its copper).

education

In addition to the grammar schools, there are several vocational schools, a medical college, college of the arts (with music and drama departments) and the world-renowned academy for applied arts. Various further education options are available

  • Branch of the Urals State Technical University
  • Branch of the Metropolitan Humanities Institute
  • Branch of the Institute of Economics, Administration and Law of the Urals
  • Ministry of Interior Militia School
  • Nizhny Tagil State Pedagogical Institute

Sports

The ice hockey club Sputnik plays in the second highest Russian league .

In Nizhny Tagil there is the ski jumping hill complex Aist , which includes a large hill (HS134), a normal hill (HS100) and three small hills (K40, K20, K10). International competitions have also been held there since 2013.

Town twinning

Nizhny Tagil lists the following twin cities :

sons and daughters of the town

Web links

Commons : Nizhny Tagil  - collection of images, videos and audio files
Wiktionary: Nizhny Tagil  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations

Individual evidence

  1. a b Itogi Vserossijskoj perepisi naselenija 2010 goda. Tom 1. Čislennostʹ i razmeščenie naselenija (Results of the All-Russian Census 2010. Volume 1. Number and distribution of the population). Tables 5 , pp. 12-209; 11 , pp. 312–979 (download from the website of the Federal Service for State Statistics of the Russian Federation)
  2. Tagil-ITL on the GULAG website of Memorial Deutschland e. V.
  3. Erich Maschke (Hrsg.): On the history of the German prisoners of war of the Second World War. Verlag Ernst and Werner Gieseking, Bielefeld 1962–1977.
  4. ↑ District Vocational School Center Ellwangen now has a partner school in Nizhny Tagil, Russia. ( Memento from May 20, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) on ostalbkreis.de
  5. ^ Statue of Liberty Made of Russian Copper?