Asbestos (city)
city
Asbestos
Асбест
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List of cities in Russia |
Asbestos ( Russian Асбе́ст , until 1933 Куделька / Kudelka ) is a Russian city with 68,893 inhabitants (as of October 14, 2010) in the Sverdlovsk Oblast . It was named for its asbestos industry .
Geographical location
The city is located in the south of the Sverdlovsk Oblast on the (Great) Reft , a right tributary of the Pyschma in the Ob river system , on the eastern slopes of the Urals , around 80 km northeast of the regional capital Yekaterinburg . The closest town is Zarechny , 20 km south of Asbestos.
history
In 1885, the development of an asbestos deposit near today's city began. In 1889 it was founded as a settlement called Kudelka . In 1933 it received the status of a town and its current name.
In asbestos, there were POW camps 84 and 314 for German prisoners of war of the Second World War . There was a cemetery for deceased prisoners of war and civil internees from various nations with over 15,000 dead, mostly in mass graves. There was also a Soviet gulag in asbestos. The Baschenowo-ITL (corrective labor camp) existed from May 1950 to April 1953. Up to 7,700 people were imprisoned in the camp who were used in the construction of asbestos factories, in asbestos extraction and in road, civil and housing construction.
Population development
year | Residents |
---|---|
1939 | 28,906 |
1959 | 60,053 |
1970 | 75.508 |
1979 | 78,673 |
1989 | 84,470 |
2002 | 76,328 |
2010 | 68,893 |
Note: census data
economy
Nowadays, asbestos is a large industrial center with Uralasbestos joint stock company as the main company. Other factories include UralATI , Saretschny , Asbostroi , the poultry processor Asbestovskaya and a reinforced concrete manufacturer . Asbestos, bricks , porcelain , furniture, and metal structures , among other things, are produced in asbestos .
Infrastructure
In the city there is the Ural Asbestos Stadium with a capacity of 10,000 spectators. Educational institutions include music schools, an art school, an Olympic school, a scientific institute, vocational schools, mining and business schools. Asbestos has a geological museum and a local museum.
Personalities
- Lasar Kaganowitsch (1893–1991), politician, worked in asbestos
- Ferdinand-Wilhelm von Stein-Liebenstein zu Barchfeld (1895–1953), German Air Force General, died in asbestos in a POW camp
- Arthur Kullmer (1896–1953), German general, died in asbestos in a prisoner of war camp
- Viktor Bassargin (* 1957 in Asbestos), politician, 2008–2012 Russian Minister for Regional Development, since 2012 Governor of the Perm Region
- Robert Ihly (* 1963 in Asbestos), German athlete
- Yegor Mechonzew (* 1984 in Asbestos), boxer
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Itogi Vserossijskoj perepisi naselenija 2010 goda. Tom 1. Čislennostʹ i razmeščenie naselenija (Results of the All-Russian Census 2010. Volume 1. Number and distribution of the population). Tables 5 , pp. 12-209; 11 , pp. 312–979 (download from the website of the Federal Service for State Statistics of the Russian Federation)
- ↑ Maschke, Erich (ed.): On the history of the German prisoners of war of the Second World War. Verlag Ernst and Werner Gieseking, Bielefeld 1962–1977.
- ↑ Baschenowo-ITL in the GULAG Internet portal of Memorial Deutschland e. V.
Web links
- Official website of the city administration (Russian)
- Unofficial city website (Russian)
- Asbestos on mojgorod.ru (Russian)