Novokuznetsk

city Novokuznetsk Новокузнецк flag coat of arms Federal district Siberia Oblast Kemerovo Urban district Novokuznetsk Inner structure 6 city ​​rajons mayor Sergei Kuznetsov Founded 1618 Earlier names Kuznetsk (until 1931) Novokuznetsk (1931–1932) Stalinsk (1932–1961) City since 1931 surface 424  km² population 547,904 inhabitants (as of Oct. 14, 2010) Population density 1292 inhabitants / km² Height of the center 200  m Time zone UTC + 7 Telephone code (+7) 3843 Post Code 6540xx License Plate 42, 142 OKATO 32 431 Website www.admnkz.ru Geographical location Coordinates 53 ° 45 '  N , 87 ° 7'  E Coordinates: 53 ° 45 '0 "  N , 87 ° 7' 0"  E

Situation in Russia

Location in Kemerovo Oblast

List of cities in Russia

Novokuznetsk ( Russian Новокузнецк ; pronunciation ^{? / I} ) is a major Russian city in the coal mining area of Kuzbass in Kemerovo Oblast on the Tom River in southwest Siberia. It has 547,904 inhabitants (as of October 14, 2010) and is 308 km south of the regional capital, Kemerovo .

history

Novokuznetsk was founded by Cossacks in 1618 as Kuznetsk ( Кузнецк ). Initially, the village consisted of a fortified Ostrog on the Tom bank, which owes its name Kuznetsk to the preferred occupation of the local population, iron metallurgy (Russian kuznets = "blacksmith"). The fortress received city rights for the first time in 1622 and served as a military base on Russia's eastern border until the 18th century. At the beginning of the 19th century, however, the fortress finally lost its military importance. However, the place retained its administrative function as the seat of a Ujesd of the same name , after its dissolution in 1822 an okrug and from 1898 the restored Ujesd. The small town was unofficially referred to as Kuznetsk-Sibirski ("Siberian Kuznetsk") to avoid confusion with the significantly larger town of Kuznetsk in the European part of Russia ( Saratov Governorate ) during this period .

There was a decisive growth spurt for the place in the 1930s. In 1929, the construction began of a metallurgical here Combine , which should include industrial processing existing in the region coal and ores. In the course of the construction of the combine, which was completed in 1932, the former Kuznetsk and several neighboring towns (including the workers' settlement Sad-Gorod) merged to form a new industrial town, which received its town charter in 1931. In 1931, the new city received its current name, however, was in 1932 in honor of Josef Stalin in Stalinsk ( Сталинск renamed) and was called until 1961 so received when the city again the name Novokuznetsk (literally "New Kuznetsk"). By the 1960s, three more large metallurgy plants were built in the city.

In Novokuznetsk there was a POW camp 525 , Stalinsk , for German POWs from World War II .

Population development

year	Residents
1897	3.117
1939	169.393
1959	376.730
1970	499.183
1979	541.356
1989	599,947
2002	549.870
2010	547.904

Note: census data

City structure

Novokuznetsk Metallurgy Combine

The city of Novokuznetsk is administratively divided into six city districts (also called city rajons ), which as of January 1, 2007 have the following population figures:

Stadtrajon	Russian name	Residents (October 14, 2010)	comment
Kuibyshevsky	Куйбышевский	79.121	Name means Kuibyshev Rajon
Kuznetsky	Кузнецкий	50,390
Novoiljinsky	Novoilinsky	73,755
Ordzhonikidsewski	Орджоникидзевский	82,050	Name means Ordzhonikidze Rajon
Zavodsky	Заводский	98.133	Name means Werksrajon
Zentralny	Центральный	164,455	Name means central Rajon

Attractions

Novokuznetsk Cathedral of the Savior Transfiguration

Despite a large number of industrial companies, Novokuznetsk is considered a comparatively green city, as the center was developed according to the ideals of a garden city when it was built in the 1930s . In addition to a large number of buildings from the 1930s and the post-war period, Novokuznetsk 's Cathedral of the Savior Transfiguration (Спасо-Преображенский собор) and the former Kuznetsk fortress have preserved two striking buildings from the Tsarist era. The Cathedral of the Transfiguration of the Savior in its current form was built in the years 1792-1835 and is an example of the so-called "Siberian Baroque ", which is otherwise only to be found in old Siberian cities such as Irkutsk , Tomsk or Tobolsk .

economy

Pedagogical University in Novokuznetsk

Novokuznetsk is one of the largest industrial centers of Western Siberia. The two metallurgy combines Kuznetsk (founded in 1929) and Western Siberia (1961) are located here, both of which are among the largest Russian manufacturers of railroad tracks, as well as the Novokuznetsk aluminum plant, the Novokuznetsk factory for iron alloys, several hard coal mines in the Kuznetsk Basin , engineering companies, food factories and two Thermal power stations. Due to the large number of industrial objects and their relatively high emissions, the environmental situation in Novokuznetsk is extremely tense.

Accidents in coal mines

On March 19, 2007, a severe methane gas explosion occurred in the Ulyanovskaya mine, killing 110 miners. The mine was only commissioned in 2002 and belongs to the empire of the oligarch Roman Abramowitsch .

On May 24, 2007 another serious mine accident occurred in Novokuznetsk. In a methane gas explosion in a mine not far from the shaft, which was already hit by a methane gas explosion in March 2007, a deflagration occurred at a depth of 500 meters, which killed 38 miners. At the time of the detonation, there were 217 workers underground. 179 miners could be saved. The mine operators are said to have been aware of the excessively high and therefore dangerous methane gas concentrations.

traffic

Novokuznetsk is an important railway junction . There are direct train connections to Kemerovo , Mezhduretschensk and Novosibirsk , for example , and long-distance trains from Moscow also stop here. Novokuznetsk International Airport is located 18 km west of the city.

The inner-city network of public transport consists of around 90 lines with an independent tram and trolleybus network .

Sports

The ice hockey team of Metallurg Novokuznetsk plays in the Continental Hockey League , the footballers of the club FK Metallurg Novokuznetsk are in the 1. Division active.

Novokuznetsk in fiction

The construction of the Kuznetsk Metallurgy Combine is the subject of the 1933 novel “ The Second Day ” (День второй) by Ilya Grigoryevich Ehrenburg .

Town twinning

Novokuznetsk lists the following twin cities :

• Dallas , United States
• Nizhny Tagil , Russia
• Pittsburgh , United States
• Zaporizhia , Ukraine
• Birmingham , UK

people

sons and daughters of the town

• Valentin Bulgakow (1886–1966), bibliographer, private secretary of Leo Tolstoy
• Vladimir Maneyev (1932–1985), wrestler
• Valentin Olenik (1939-1987), wrestler
• Arkady Vainshtein (* 1942), Russian-born American theoretical physicist
• Anatoly Zintschenko (* 1949), football player
• Mikhail Evdokimov (1957-2005), actor
• Vytautas Račkauskas (* 1961), Lithuanian politician
• Alexander Spessiwzew (* 1970), serial killer and cannibal
• Gata Kamsky (* 1974), chess grandmaster
• Maxim Pitschugin (* 1974), cross-country skier
• Nikita Morgunow (* 1975), basketball player
• Vladimir Wilissow (* 1976), cross-country skier
• Yevgeny Tschigischew (* 1979), weightlifter
• Oksana Pal (* 1980), handball player
• Artyom Tschernow (* 1982), ice hockey player
• Ksenia Roos (* 1984), chess player
• Natalie Hagel (* 1985), handball player
• Elena Pirozhkova (* 1986), American wrestler
• Kostjantyn Miljajew (* 1987), Ukrainian water diver
• Kirill Skachkov (* 1987), table tennis player
• Sergei Bobrowski (* 1988), ice hockey goalkeeper
• Jelena Prostewa (* 1990), ski racer
• Maxim Kizyn (* 1991), ice hockey player
• Dmitri Orlov (* 1991), ice hockey player
• Sachar Arsamaszew (* 1992), ice hockey player
• Ivan Telegin (* 1992), ice hockey player
• Ivan Nalimov (* 1994), ice hockey goalkeeper
• Ilja Sorokin (* 1995), ice hockey goalkeeper
• Kirill Kaprisow (* 1997), ice hockey player
• Anastassija Silantjewa (* 1998), ski racer

Other well-known personalities

• Fyodor Dostoyevsky (1821-1881), married his first wife Maria Issajewa in Kuznetsk in 1857

Web links

Commons : Novokuznetsk  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

• City Council website (Russian)
• Unofficial website (Russian)
• Unofficial Portal (Russian)
• Novokuznetsk on mojgorod.ru (Russian)

swell

1. ↑ ^{a b c} Itogi Vserossijskoj perepisi naselenija 2010 goda. Tom 1. Čislennostʹ i razmeščenie naselenija (Results of the All-Russian Census 2010. Volume 1. Number and distribution of the population). Tables 5 , pp. 12-209; 11 , pp. 312–979 (download from the website of the Federal Service for State Statistics of the Russian Federation)
2. ↑ Maschke, Erich (ed.): On the history of the German prisoners of war of the Second World War. Verlag Ernst and Werner Gieseking, Bielefeld 1962–1977.
3. ↑ spiegel.de
4. ↑ Moscow (dpa) - In Russian coal mines there are repeated serious accidents due to safety deficiencies.
5. ↑ Thursday, May 24, 2007 Serious mine accident in Siberia: 38 dead in a methane gas explosion in the mine