Kuznetsk Basin
The Kuznetsk ( Russian Кузнецкий бассейн / Kuznetsky Bassein ; short form Кузбасс , Kuzbass , also Kuznetsk Basin ) is an approximately 70,000 km², in the Siberian Kemerovo Oblast located coal basin of Russia .
The most important cities are Novokuznetsk (the former Stalinsk), Prokopyevsk , Leninsk-Kuznetsky , Mezhduretschensk , Kisseljowsk and Kemerovo , the administrative center of the region.
history
The first iron processing plants were established in 1697 and the first coal deposits were discovered in 1721. Industry began to develop towards the end of the 19th century, with heavy industry growing particularly since the early 1930s with the emergence of the Ural-Kuznetsk combine. At the beginning of the Second World War , large industrial companies were relocated from the Donets Basin (Donbass) to the Kuzbass in order to prevent them from being threatened by the German Wehrmacht .
In the city of Stalinsk, today's Novokuznetsk, there was a Gulag labor camp (Kuzbass-ITL) from December 1946 to September 1948 . Up to 10,200 people were imprisoned here who were used in housing construction as well as in wood extraction and processing.
Due to the strong industrialization and urbanization of Kuzbass, the survival of the Shoric language is threatened. The Shores belong to the indigenous peoples of Siberia and settle in the Kemerovo Oblast as well as the autonomous republics of Khakassia and the Altai .
The Ulyanovskaya colliery near Novokuznetsk is one of the most modern in Russia. It was inaugurated in 2002 on the 50th birthday of Russian President Putin . 3 million tons of coal are mined annually in the coal mine. On March 19, 2007, however, the worst mining disaster in Russia in recent years occurred in this mine. 106 people were killed in the accident, only 93 could be rescued alive.
On the morning of 9 May 2010 it came in the coal mine raspadskaya in mezhdurechensk to two methane explosions, more than 60 died miners.
economy
The industry of the Kuznetsk Basin developed as an armaments smithy for the Soviet army at the beginning of the Second World War. Omsk , Novosibirsk and many other cities became important industrial centers. The area 1957 by a railroad with the deposits of iron ore in Abasa in Chakassien connected. In the Kusbass there are several open- cast and underground mining facilities for the extraction of hard coal . Most seams are 1.3 to 3.5 m thick, some 9 to 15 m, rarely up to 20 m and in exceptional cases 30 m.
See also
Web links
- Kuzbass nowadays is one of the most perspective and dynamically developing regions of Russia on kuzbass-fair.ru (English)
- Article Kuznetsk Basin in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia (BSE) , 3rd edition 1969–1978 (Russian)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Article Kuznetsk Basin in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia (BSE) , 3rd edition 1969–1978 (Russian)
- ↑ Map of the Gulag in southern central Siberia
- ↑ Mine disaster: The number of fatalities rises to 106 in Russia News , March 20, 2007.
- ↑ Mine accident: numerous security breaches in Siberian mine. in: RIA Novosti of May 17, 2010.
Coordinates: 55 ° 21 ' N , 86 ° 5' E