Jean-Louis de Marillac
Jean-Louis de Marillac, comte de Beaumont-le-Roger (* July 1572 or 1573 in Aigueperse , Auvergne ; † May 10, 1632 in Paris , beheaded) was a French military leader and statesman , Marshal of France .
Jean-Louis was the son of Guillaume de Marillac (1500–1573) and Antoinette Camus. One of his brothers was Michel de Marillac (1563-1632), the keeper of the seals of Louis XIII. Saint Louise de Marillac , who together with Saint Vincent de Paul founded the cooperative of the daughters of Christian love (French: Filles de la Charité ), in Germany also known as the Vinzentinerinnen, in 1633 , was the illegitimate daughter of one of the brothers. Three years after her birth, she was named “fille naturelle” (illegitimate daughter) by her (possible) biological father, Louis I. de Marillac (1556–1604), “Chevalier, seigneur de Ferrières-en-Brie et de Villiers-Adam” ) recognized and received a suspended pension. But whether he actually or who the father was is unclear, it is possible that Louis I. de Marillac, who was still unmarried at the time, took the matter on himself to fend off a scandal from one of his brothers.
Jean-Louis de Marillac joined the army and quickly made a career. In 1598 he was chamberlain to Henry IV , then lieutenant in the life guard of the Duke of Anjou . He became ambassador to Savoy , Mantua , Florence , Venice (1611), Lorraine , Germany and Italy (1616). Louis XIII appointed him in 1617 as maréchal de camp (major general) and commissaire général des armées . He accompanied the king on his campaigns and was wounded in 1621 at Montauban . In 1626 he was appointed general governor of the Trois-Évêchés ( Metz , Toul , Verdun ) and was also involved in the siege of La Rochelle and the capture of the Île de Ré in 1627. On 12 June 1629 the king appointed him at the siege of Privas for Maréchal de France .
Accused of conspiracy against Richelieu , Jean-Louis, like his brother Michel, was arrested in Italy on November 22, 1629.
The marshal was arrested at Sainte-Menehould and brought before an extraordinary judicial commission at Verdun in May 1631. This first judicial commission was dismissed for procedural errors and replaced by a second. The second commission met in Rueil at Malmaison Castle and continued the proceedings in March 1632. As a result, Marillac was sentenced to death for embezzlement . He was not tried because he had exempted a certain number of villages in the Verdunois from military service, but because he had used the money allocated for the expansion of the Verdun citadel without being authorized to do so. Despite his 40 years of loyal and loyal service, he was sentenced to death on May 8, 1632 at the instigation of Richelieu and beheaded two days later on the Place de Grève in Paris . He was buried in the church of the Couvent des Feuillants.
Only after the cardinal's death was Marillac rehabilitated by the parlement in Paris.
literature
- Pierre de Vaissiere: Un grand procès sous Richelieu. L'affaire du maréchal de Marillac (1630-1632) . Perrin, Paris 1924 ( review ).
- Gédéon Tallemant des Réaux : Les historiettes de Tallemant des Réaux. Memories for the history of the XVIIe siècle . Volume 2. Levavasseur, Paris 1834, pp. 1-3 ( online ).
- Alfonsa Magdalena Richartz: An unusual mother . Johannes-Verlag, Leutesdorf 1988.
Individual evidence
Web links
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Marillac, Jean-Louis de |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | French military leader and statesman |
| DATE OF BIRTH | July 1572 or 1573 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Aigueperse , Auvergne |
| DATE OF DEATH | May 10, 1632 |
| Place of death | Paris |