Jean-Pierre Alibert

Jean-Pierre Alibert

Jean-Pierre Alibert (also Ivan Petrowitsch Alberti , Иван Петрович Алибер) (born March 23, 1820 in Montauban ; † 1905 ) was a French merchant, fur trader and mineralogist.

Life

After completing his basic commercial training in England, he was a First Order trader in Tavasutt, Finland . He founded a fur shop in Saint Petersburg .

1860

In Tabasthus, Siberia, he was a first-class negociant. He undertook a research trip to the east of Siberia, partly with the intention of finding gold, and examined the sands of the rivers Oka, Belloi, Kitoi and Irkutsk. In 1847 he discovered rounded chunks of graphite in a ravine near Irkutsk and traced the trail to the source 400 werst to the west on the summit of Mount Batugol , in the east of the Sayan Mountains , near the Chinese border. He made a mine. After he had cleared away 300 tons of graphite, the quality of which was equivalent to the waste of Cumberland graphite, he came across a store of the purest graphite. The Academy of Sciences in St. Petersburg confirmed that it was comparable to that of the drying up Cumberland mine. He went to England, convinced himself of their exhaustion and had samples of his graphite examined by English pencil manufacturers. Then he bought the mine from the Russian government for probably 600 rubles. Over the next seven years he invested a million francs. In 1856 he signed an exclusive contract approved by the Russian government with Lothar von Faber , whose pencil factory AW Faber brought the first pencils with Siberian graphite to the German market five years later; In 1865 these were also available in America.

The high quality of the graphite and its combination with Bavarian clay made it possible for the first time to manufacture pencils in 16 reproducible degrees of hardness, which came on the market under the name “Polygrades” and were celebrated at the London World Exhibition in 1862.

In his honor, the mountain was later named Alibertberg (2500 m).

He discovered green jade near his mine.

In 1862 he returned to France with rheumatism. After numerous unsuccessful treatments, he moved to Châteauneuf-les-Bains for a cure in 1871 . In 1892 he had a bronze statue of the Madonna erected on the Saint-Cyr peninsula .

In 1876 he became a member of the Société de Géographie .

Publications

• La Mine de Graphite Sibérie d'ecouverte en 1847 by MJP Alibert ; Paris, 1865 ( online )

Web links

• http://writinginstruments.blogspot.com/2010/01/looking-for-gold-finding-graphite-faber.html
• http://www.stdk.de/lexikaliker/1003/100304_Schwarzes_Gold_1_x.jpg
• http://www.trekearth.com/gallery/Asia/Russia/photo1184388.htm

Individual evidence

1. ↑ http://pencils.sundrymemes.com/pen_hero.htm
2. ↑ Archive link ( Memento of the original from February 26, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
3. ↑ http://www.textlog.de/38392.html
4. ↑ http://www.ohm-hochschule.de/bib/textarchiv/Die_Bleistift-Fabrik_von_A.W.Faber_zu_Stein_bei_Nuernberg.pdf  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
5. ^ J. Nagel: Official report on the World Exhibition in Paris in 1867 ; P. 299
6. ↑ Bernhard Hoffmann:  Faber, Lothar von. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 4, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1959, ISBN 3-428-00185-0 , p. 722 f. ( Digitized version ).
7. ↑ http://www.lexikaliker.de/2010/03/schwarzes-gold/
8. ↑ https://www.peter-hug.ch/lexikon/64_0922b
9. ↑ Archived copy ( memento of the original dated December 2, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.