Victor Audouin

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Victor Audouin

Victor Audouin , actually Jean Victor Audouin , often also Jean-Victor Audouin , (born April 27, 1797 in Paris , † November 9, 1841 ibid) was a French naturalist , entomologist and ornithologist .

Life

His parents were Victor-Joseph Audouin (1762-1848) and Jeanne-Marie-Pierrette Enée (1774-1837). His father was in the diplomatic service and the family moved frequently. He first went to school in Reims , then in Paris and also in Lucca Italy, after returning to Paris he attended the Lycée Louis-le-Grand . Audouin first began to study law, but switched to zoology out of an interest in natural history and in 1824 he became the assistant to the entomologist Pierre André Latreille at the Muséum national d'histoire naturelle . In 1826 he was with Scripture Prodrome d'une histoire naturelle, chimique, pharmaceutique et médicale of cantharides at the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Paris doctorate . In 1833 he succeeded Latreilles as professor of entomology. In 1838 Audouin became a member of the Académie des Sciences in Paris.

Audouin's most important work, Histoire des insectes nuisibles à la vigne , was completed and published in 1842 by the zoologists Henri Milne Edwards and Charles Émile Blanchard after his death . Audouin published most of his writings in the Annales des sciences naturelles , which he founded in 1824 with the botanist Adolphe Théodore Brongniart and the chemist Jean Baptiste Dumas . Many articles also appeared in the Annales de la Société entomologique de France , which Audouin co-founded in 1832.

Audouin married on December 6, 1827 Mathilde-Charlotte Emilie Brongniart (1808-1882), the youngest daughter of the chemist, geologist and zoologist Alexandre Brongniart . The couple had a son, Paul Audouin (1835–1920), and a daughter, Cécile Audouin (1837–1918).

Scientific achievements

Audouin was also interested in other areas of natural history , for example he was co- author of the Dictionnaire classique d'histoire naturelle (1822–1830) and studied the marine fauna in the French coastal areas with Henri Milne Edwards. He also completed the ornithological chapter of the naturalist Marie Jules César le Lorgne de Savigny Description de l'Égypte (1826).

In 1826 he and Henri Milne-Edwards published a paper on the anatomy and physiology of the marine invertebrates of the north-western coasts of France. In 1827 they published a monograph on the circulation system of crustaceans (see also hemolymph ), Récherches anatomiques et physiologiques sur la circulation dans les crustacés . In 1833 he was elected a foreign member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences .

Jean Victor Audouin is Erstbeschreiber the Conchostraken genus of Cyzicus .

Honors

Fonts (selection)

  • Dictionnaire classique d'histoire naturelle. Rey, Paris 1822-1830 (online) .
  • Annales des sciences naturelles. Béchet Jeune, Paris 1824-1833 (online) . - with Adolphe Brongniart and Jean-Baptiste Dumas
  • Prodrome d'une histoire naturelle, chimique, pharmaceutique, et médicale des cantharides. Paris 1826.
  • Research anatomy and physiology on the circulation in the crustacés. In: Annales des sciences naturelles . Volume 11, Paris 1827, pp. 283-314 , pp. 352-393 .
  • Résumé d'Entomologie, ou d'histoire naturelle des animaux articulés. 2 volumes, Bachelier, Paris 1828–1829 ( volume 1 , volume 2 ).
  • Mémoires for the natural history of crustacés . Paris 1829, (online) - with Henri Milne-Edwards
  • Research for the service of the natural history of France. Crochard, Paris 1832-1834 (online) .
  • Histoire naturelle des insectes, traitant de leur organization et de leurs moeurs en général. Pillot, Paris 1834-1837 (online) . - with Gaspard Auguste Brullé
  • Les insectes: Avec un atlas. Fortin & Masson, Paris 1836-1849 (online) . - with Emile Blanchard , Louis Michel François Doyère and Henri Milne-Edwards
  • Notice on the recherches d'entomologie agricole. Paris 1838.
  • Traité élémentaire d'entomologie. Mairet & Fournier, Paris 1842.
  • Histoire des insectes nuisibles à la vigne. Fortin & Masson, Paris 1842 (online) .

literature

  • Philogène Auguste Joseph Duponchel : Notice sur la vie et les travaux de Jean-Victor Audouin . In: Annales de la Société entomologique de France . tape 11 , 1842, pp. 95-164 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • Jean Théodoridès: Un zoologiste de l'époque romantique, Jean-Victor Audouin, 1797–1841 . Bibliothèque nationale, Paris 1978, ISBN 2-7177-1443-X .
  • Charles Payraudeau: Description de deux espèce nouvelle d oiseaux, appartenant aux genres Mouette et Comoran . In: Annales des sciences naturelles: comprenant La physiologie animale et végétale, l'anatomie comparée des deux règnes, la zoologie, la botanique, la minéralogie et la geologie . tape 8 , 1826, pp. 469-465 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • David Gruby: Recherche sur la nature, le siöege et de döveloppement du Porrigo decalvans ou Phytoalopöecie . In: Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des séances de l'Académie des sciences. tape 17 , 1843, pp. 301-302 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).
  • Alexandre Louis Lefebvre de Cérisy: Nouveau Groupe d'Orthoptères de la famille de Mantides . In: Annales de la Société entomologique de France . tape 4 , 1835, p. 449-508 ( biodiversitylibrary.org ).

Web links

Commons : Victor Audouin  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Audouin, Jean Victor ( Memento of the original from June 22, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.libraryindex.com archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , 9th edition of the Encyclopedia Britannica.
  2. ^ Biographical Etymology of Marine Organism Names . tmbl.gu.se. Archived from the original on September 27, 2011. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved October 23, 2011. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.tmbl.gu.se
  3. ^ Charles Payraudeau pp. 462-464
  4. ↑ David Gruby p. 402
  5. ↑ Alexandre Louis Lefebvre de Cérisy p. 482, plate 12, Figure 1.
personal data
SURNAME Audouin, Victor
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Audouin, Jean-Victor
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French naturalist, entomologist and ornithologist
DATE OF BIRTH April 27, 1797
PLACE OF BIRTH Paris
DATE OF DEATH November 9, 1841
Place of death Paris