Jekyll Island
| Jekyll Island | ||
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| Waters | Georgia Coast in Glynn County ( Atlantic Ocean ) | |
| Geographical location | 31 ° 4 ′ N , 81 ° 25 ′ W | |
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Jekyll Island is an inhabited island off the coast of the US state Georgia in Glynn County ( Atlantic Ocean ). It is 23 square kilometers and is part of the archipelago of the Sea Islands and the archipelago Golden Isles of Georgia , and also it is one of the four Georgia barrier islands . The city of Brunswick, Georgia is to the north. The island is a destination for people from the surrounding area.
history
The Muskogee Indian people once lived on the island. The island was first discovered in 1510 by “whites” (Spaniards); the island was therefore temporarily called "Isla De Ballenas" (Whale Island). As early as 1562 the French claimed the island ("Ille de la Somme"). In 1702 the English conquered the island. Under General James Oglethorpe , present-day Georgia became a British colony in 1733. Jekyll Island was named so by Oglethorpe to honor his friend Sir Joseph Jekyll.
nature
There are many wild animals , including reptiles, on the island. There has been a center for sea turtles since 2007. The beaches consist of sand throughout.
Jekyll Island Club Historic District
A building ensemble from the 19th century, which also includes the clubhouse of the Jekyll Island Club , built in 1888 , was added to the National Register of Historic Places as a Historic District on January 20, 1972 . On June 2, 1978, the 0.97 km² Jekyll Island Historic District was declared a National Historic Landmark . John Pierpoint Morgan built “Sans Souci” here in 1896 and came with his yacht. "Cherokee" Cottage was built in 1904 by the Shrady family, "Indian Mound" 25 room cottage was built in 1906 by William Rockefeller, as was Goodyear Cottage, both executed by Carrère and Hastings . In 1917 Richard Teller Crane built his cottage in the Italian Renaissance style.
Jekyll Island Club
John Eugene DuBignon and his brother-in-law Newton Finney came up with the idea of founding a hunting club for rich North Americans. DuBignon handled the purchase of the island and Finney found 23 people in New York who wanted to become members of this club. B. Marshall Field , Henry Hyde , JP Morgan , Joseph Pulitzer , William Rockefeller, and William Henry Vanderbilt . Finney bought the island from DuBignons for $ 125,000. The groundbreaking ceremony for the clubhouse, which opened in 1888, took place in 1886. Meanwhile 53 members belonged to the "Club". Between 1888 and 1928, the rich industrialists from the cold north built their “cottages” where they lived for the winter.
In November 1910, a secret meeting to plan the Federal Reserve System took place in the clubhouse , which was largely passed in 1913 ( Federal Reserve Act - German: Central Bank Act). Under false names and registered for the duck hunt, the six main actors met to deliberate on a central banking system: US Senator Nelson W. Aldrich , Abram Andrew (Ass. Federal Minister of Finance and Advisor to the National Monetary Commission), Henry Pomeroy Davison ( Partner at JP Morgan Bank), Benjamin Strong (Vice President of Banker's Trust Company), Frank A. Vanderlip (President of National City Bank), and Paul Warburg (Partner at Kuhn, Loeb, and Company).
On January 25, 1915, AT&T Telephone Company President Theodore Newton Vail made his first long-distance call to San Francisco from his home on Jekyll Island .
The club was dissolved in 1971 after 54 years. Some parts of the club were leased and restored by an investment firm from the state of Georgia and opened in 1985 as a luxury hotel (Jekyll Island Club Hotel).
Jekyll Island State Park
The Jekyll Island Club was well attended until the 1930s, but this soon changed due to the Great Depression . The Second World War then dealt him the fatal blow. In 1942 it reopened, but had to close early for financial reasons and a lack of manpower. After the end of the war, Melvin Thompson, then tax revenue commissioner, proposed in 1946 that the island be bought as a coastal defense. When he became governor of Georgia in 1947, the state bought the island through expropriation on October 7, 1947 for $ 675,000. It was Jekyll Island State Park and administered by the state from 1948-49. However, the maintenance costs soon got so high that the state decided in 1950 to set up its own Jekyll Island Authority for 99 years. Its board of directors is appointed by the governor. In 1972, the historic part of the island ( Victorian-style houses ) was added to the National Register of Historic Places , and in 1978 it was granted National Historic Landmark status .
traffic
In the west of the island is a dam (causeway), which connects the island via a paved road to the mainland (length 400 meters).
literature
- Jingle Davis: Island Passages: An Illustrated History of Jekyll Island, Georgia. University of Georgia Press, Athens 2016, ISBN 978-0-8203-4869-8 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- Jekyll Island. In: The New Georgia Encyclopedia. (engl.)
- ^ Jekyll Island Club on the National Register Information System. National Park Service , accessed August 8, 2017.
- ↑ Listing of National Historic Landmarks by State: Georgia. National Park Service , accessed July 21, 2019.
- ↑ Jekyll Club History ( Memento of the original from January 27, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Iceland Georgia Historic Hotel Restored To Former Grandeur ( Memento of the original from June 15, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ New Georgia Encyclopedia - Melvin Thompson
