Joachim Slueter

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Joachim Slüter , also Jochim Slyter, Jochim Dutzo (* around 1490 in Dömitz ; † May 19, 1532 in Rostock ) was a German clergyman and reformer in Rostock.

Life

Slueter monument (old condition around 1900)
Slueter monument with a modern superstructure behind the Petrikirche
Slueter monument at the Petrikirche
Dedication to Joachim Slüter

Slüter was the son of the ferryman Kutzer from Dömitz on the Elbe. The father died early and the mother married a Slueter. From 1517 there is proof in Rostock that Slüter worked as a priest here. From 1518 he is matriculated at the University of Rostock . In 1521 he worked at the St. Petri Church Game School in Rostock. In 1523 he was appointed chaplain to St. Petri by Duke Heinrich .

The parish had been vacant for a long time due to disputes between the dukes in filling the parish. Here, on behalf of Duke Heinrich, Slüter began to act as a reformist. This included preaching in the congregation's native Low German language. Many simple and poor people lived in the eastern old town of Rostock, for whom Slüter's eloquent sermons were so important and popular that the church often became too small and had to be preached outside. Slüter was violently hostile to the (Catholic) Church. There were even death threats that led him to leave the city temporarily in 1525. However, the Rostock council stuck to Slueter. In 1528 he married Katharina Jelen, the daughter of a small blacksmith in Rostock.

In 1525 Sluter published a catechism and a hymn book. The hymn book is considered the oldest known Low German hymn book. In it he added Nikolaus Decius ' Alone God in the Heights be Honor the fourth stanza sung to this day. A Low German prayer book was published in 1526, and a second expanded edition in 1530. In 1531 Slueter published the double hymn book. This contains Luther's Klugsches Hymnal in the Low German version and songs collected by Slüter.

In 1531 Rostock officially became Protestant . In March 1531, Slueter published an expert opinion on the question of religious ceremonies, which no longer provided any Latin texts. In the Protestant camp, violent disputes were waged over whether, in addition to scripture reading and sermons in (Low) German, Latin ordinarium chants and orations should be retained. In order to resolve the dispute, the council obtained expert opinions from Luther, Philipp Melanchthon , Johannes Bugenhagen and Urbanus Rhegius . They advocated the German-Latin hybrid and recommended convincing the deviator or expelling him from the city. The latter cannot be assumed, since Slueter remained in office.

Slüter was buried in the churchyard of St. Petri. At the site of his grave, a memorial was erected in his honor in 1862 and the street Vor dem Petritor was renamed Slueterstrasse . His first biographer was the Rostock preacher Nicolaus Gryse .

In Rostock, Dierkower Höhe No. 43, there is the parish hall of the Slüter parish , which was named after the reformer. The words “Dat wordt gades blyfft ewyglick”, coined by Slüter, can be found on an antependium in the church, which are derived from the High German translation of the Bible verses “The word of God remains in eternity” ( Isaiah 40: 6-8  LUT ).

Fonts

  • A very beautiful and very useful hymn book. 1525. A beautiful and very useful Christian teaching. 1525. Edited by Gerhard Bosinski . Reprint of the original edition from 1525. Zentralantiquariat der DDR, Leipzig 1986, ISBN 3-7463-0026-6 .

literature

Web links

Commons : Slüerdenkmal  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Ingo Ulpts: The mendicant orders in Mecklenburg. Werl 1995, p. 367.
personal data
SURNAME Slueter, Joachim
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Slueter, Jochim; Slueter, Joachimus; Kutzer, Joachim
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German clergyman and reformer in Rostock
DATE OF BIRTH around 1490
PLACE OF BIRTH Doemitz
DATE OF DEATH May 19, 1532
Place of death Rostock