Joanikije Lipovac

Joanikije

Joanikije ( Serbian - Cyrillic Јоаникије , bourgeois Јован Липовац / Jovan Lipovac ; born February 16, 1890 in Stoliv , Bay of Kotor , † June 18, 1945 in Bukovik near Aranđelovac ) was the metropolitan of the Metropolitan Region of Montenegro from 1940 to 1945 . Joanikije was a prominent supporter of the Greater Serbian Chetniks of Draža Mihailović and a collaborator of the Nazis and the Italian fascists in World War II . Since 1999 he has been a saint of the Serbian Orthodox Church .

Life

Jovan Lipovac was the son of Špiro and Marija (nee Damjanović) Lipovac in Stoliv in the Bay of Kotor , which at that time belonged to the Kingdom of Dalmatia in the Austro-Hungarian monarchy . He attended primary school in Prčanj and high school in Kotor . He then graduated in Orthodox theology in Zadar and studied philosophy at the University of Belgrade . After his ordination he served in Kotor and Lastva. From 1925 to 1940 he was a professor in Belgrade . In 1939 he became bishop of the Budim eparchy . The following year he was appointed Metropolitan of Montenegro and the Coastal Country.

The Chetnik commander Bajo Stanišić with the governor of Italian-occupied Montenegro Pirzio Biroli and Joanikije on the way to a ceremony (1942)

Soon after taking office, bringing April war in 1941 the Second World War to Yugoslavia . Montenegro became an independent state under the fascist protectorate of Italy. Joanikije collaborated with the occupation forces of the Italians and Germans and supported the machinations of the Serbian Chetniks .

When it became clear that the communists would win the war and take power in Yugoslavia, he fled to Austria in 1945 as the leader of a group of Orthodox priests and Montenegrin Chetniks. The Montenegrin Chetniks were captured by Yugoslav partisans in May 1945, who liquidated 56 Orthodox priests within a very short time, almost all of whom had fled with Joanikije. Joanikije was captured by Serbian partisans near Celje on May 12 and brought to Zagreb . On the orders of Milovan Đilas he was transferred to Belgrade. On June 18, Joanikije was executed by partisans at Bukovik near Aranđelovac, along with others from his group .

literature

• Historical lexicon of Zerne Gore . (Историјски лексикон Црне Горе), Vol. 4, К - Пер, група аутора, Podgoriza 2006.
• Jozo Tomasevich : War and Revolution in Yugoslavia, 1941–1945: The Chetniks . Stanford University Press, Stanford 1975, ISBN 978-0-8047-0857-9 .
• Radoje Pajovij (Пајовић, Радоје) : Контрареволуција у Црној Гори: четнички и федералистички покрет 1941–1945. (Counter-revolution in Montenegro: Chetniks and Federalists 1941–1945) . Obod, Cetinje 1977.
• Velibor Comin (Велибор Џомић): Голгота митрополита црногорско-приморског Јоаникија, Svetigora, Cetinje 1996.
• Jovan Jovan Markusch (Јован Маркуш) : Православље у Црној Гори (Theology in Montenegro) . Митрополија Црногорско приморска (Metropolitan Region of Montenegro and the Coastal Region), Cetinje 2006.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Klaus Buchenau: Orthodoxy and Catholicism in Yugoslavia 1945–1991: A Serbian-Croatian comparison (=  Balkanological publications of the Eastern European Institute at the Free University of Berlin . Volume 40 ). Otto Harrassowitz Verlag, 2004, ISBN 978-3-447-04847-7 , p. 78 .
2. ↑ ^{a b} Ring of a murdered priest , glas-javnosti.rs; accessed July 4, 2015.
3. ↑ ^{a b c} Profile ( Memento of the original from July 25, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , danas.rs, June 8, 2005; accessed July 4, 2015.