Johann Christoph Neide

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Johann Christoph Neide (Neid) (born March 27, 1681 in Wittenberg ; † March 5, 1754 in Dresden ) was a German doctor, royal Polish and electoral Saxon court advisor and personal physician, and a founder.

family

Johann Christoph Neide came from an evangelical-Lutheran fishing family in Wittenberg since the 16th century . The spelling of the family name changed between Nyden, Neiden, Neyde and Neid until the beginning of the 18th century. It is likely to be an origin name in relation to Neiden (older spelling: Niden or Neyden), a good 40 km from Wittenberg, near Torgau in the oxbow lake area of ​​the Elbe .

His parents were the "master, citizen and fisherman in the fishing suburb of Wittenberg" Michael Neide (Neiden, Neyde) (baptized in Wittenberg on September 24, 1648; † unknown) and Maria Katharina, geb. Gerschner, daughter of Christian Gerschner, fisherman and citizen of Wittenberg.

Johann Christoph Neide remained unmarried and had no children.

His younger brother Johann George I. Neyde (born Wittenberg June 16, 1688; † unknown) was the grandfather of Johann Georg Christoph Neide .

biography

As he himself describes in his autobiography, he helped his father fish in his youth. In 1695 he sent him to Magdeburg for training , where he also learned to play the piano. In 1699 he returned to Wittenberg to study law, but then switched to the medical faculty. He earned his living playing the piano. Through this he came into contact with the medical professor Christian Vater . The latter let him hear his lectures for free, for which Neide gave his children piano lessons in return. From 1705 to 1708 he was a candidate for medicine and a pharmacist in Schandau . Returning to Wittenberg, he received his doctorate in 1708 under Professor Sperling with a work on coughs (De Tussi).

Shortly afterwards he opened a doctor's practice in Dresden. From 1712 to 1716 he was the personal physician of the governor, Prince von Fürstenberg .

Neide was appointed personal physician by August the Strong on March 19, 1727 . After his death in 1733 he was in the same position for his successor August III. active. In 1736 he was dismissed from the service at his request.

Neidesche Foundation

With his will, drawn up on March 23, 1751, Neide ordered the use of his assets to posthumously set up a foundation for the benefit of Bohemian exiles in order to support his Protestant co-religionists .

background

After the battle of the White Mountain , in the course of re-Catholicization , reprisals against the predominantly Protestant population also took place in Bohemia. a. emigrated to Prussia and Saxony. Elector Johann Georg I allowed the immigration of Bohemian exiles to Dresden and left them the 5000 acre site on the sand in front of the Black Gate . The Bohemians were allowed to use the distant St. John's Church in the Pirnaische Vorstadt for their services. In their vicinity they had set up a pastor's and school teacher's apartment and schoolroom.

The Neide pen

The estate included a garden plot of land on the sand, which Neide had already let the Bohemian community use during their lifetime. There, in the vicinity of the living quarters of the Bohemian immigrants, a new school building was inaugurated on January 23, 1787, in accordance with his last will. In his house, the location of which is unknown, needy members of the Bohemian community were cared for.

In 1822 the foundation received a capital of 1200 thalers from the estate of the financial registrar Johann Gottfried Rasp (Raspe Foundation).

The collegiate school, located in the area of ​​Dresden now called Antonstadt , was merged into an educational institution in the course of the establishment of a pedagogical association in 1842. Due to the changed living conditions in Bohemia, not only members of the Bohemian community were supported from the council.

Others

The Neide family has had a coat of arms since 1747, depicting a silver horse growing out of a golden helmet crown , on the helmet the horse growing out of the crown between two bull horns. The coat of arms can be traced back to Johann Christoph Neide, as none of the family contemporaries was in close contact with a princely house that gave a coat of arms at the time .

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Genealogical Handbook of Bourgeois Families. CA Starke Verlag, Görlitz (now Limburg), 17th volume, 1910, p. 409.
  2. ^ Genealogical Handbook of Bourgeois Families. CA Starke Verlag, Görlitz (now Limburg), 17th volume, 1910, p. 411.
  3. ^ Johann Heinrich Zedler: Large complete universal lexicon of all sciences and arts. Leipzig and Halle 1740, 23rd volume, N – Net, columns 1629–1632 ( digitized version ).
  4. ^ Dissertation De Tussi (On the cough), digital copy of the SLUB Dresden .
  5. ^ A b c Franz Eduard Gehe: The teaching and education institutions in Dresden, Arnoldsche bookstore. Dresden and Leipzig 1845, The Neide'sche Gestift and the Raspe'sche Foundation , p. 115 ( digitized in the Google book search).
  6. ^ Franz Eduard Gehe: The teaching and education establishments in Dresden, Arnoldsche Buchhandlung. Dresden and Leipzig 1845, The Neide'sche Gestift and the Raspe'sche Foundation , pp. 110, 115 ( digitized in the Google book search).
  7. ^ Franz Eduard Gehe: The teaching and education establishments in Dresden, Arnoldsche Buchhandlung. Dresden and Leipzig 1845, Das Neide'sche Gestift and the Raspe'sche Foundation , p. 111 ( digitized in the Google book search).
  8. ^ Franz Eduard Gehe: The teaching and education establishments in Dresden, Arnoldsche Buchhandlung. Dresden and Leipzig 1845, Das Neide'sche Gestift and the Raspe'sche Foundation , pp. 194–196 ( digitized in the Google book search).
  9. ↑ Gustav Adolph Ackermann: Systematic compilation of the pious and mild foundations existing in the Kingdom of Saxony ... Leipzig, Verlag BG Teubner, 1845, Pious foundations for pupils in elementary schools , No. 2672, p. 153 f. ( Digitized in the Google book search).
  10. ^ Genealogisches Handbuch Bürgerlicher Familien , CA Starke Verlag, Görlitz (now Limburg), 17th volume, 1910, pp. 408/409
personal data
SURNAME Neide, Johann Christoph
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German doctor
DATE OF BIRTH March 27, 1681
PLACE OF BIRTH Wittenberg
DATE OF DEATH March 5, 1754
Place of death Dresden