Johann Friedrich Philipp Engelhart

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Johann Friedrich Philipp Engelhart (also Friedrich Engelhardt, born February 16, 1797 in Wildenstein near Crailsheim , † June 9, 1837 in Nuremberg ) was a German chemist. He received his doctorate in Göttingen and from 1829 was professor of chemistry at the trade school in Nuremberg.

During his studies he became a member of the Erlangen fraternity in the winter semester of 1820/21 . In his dissertation in Göttingen ( De vera materiae sanguinipurpureum colorem impertinentis natura ), published in 1825 (Göttingen: Dietrich), he demonstrated that iron in human (or animal) blood is bound to the blood pigment and can be removed again by the action of chlorine can. In it he also showed the astonishing (and disbelief) size of the molecule ( hemoglobin ) to which the iron was bound: he calculated a molecular mass of 16,000 per iron atom (of which four were in the molecule). This was the first ever protein molecular mass determination . Engelhart also showed that the ratio was the same in different ways.

He became known for the rediscovery of the forgotten method of coloring glass red with copper oxide, with which he solved a prize task at the Berlin Trade Academy in 1828.

Like Jöns Jakob Berzelius at the same time , he discovered that heated phosphoric acid shows a different precipitation behavior of protein. He translated the Handbook of Chemistry of Jean-Baptiste Dumas into German.

In addition, Engelhart succeeded in finding the first dinosaur skeleton on German soil in 1834, northeast of Nuremberg, in the area between what is now the Buchenbühl district and Heroldsberg . The Plateosaurus was described three years later by the Frankfurt paleontologist Hermann von Meyer under the name Plateosaurus engelhardti and is now exhibited in the Senckenberg Museum in Frankfurt.

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Year of death according to Friedrich August Schmidt, Bernhard Friedrich Voigt, New Nekrolog der Deutschen , first part, fifteenth year 1837, Weimar 1839, p. 208. There cited 1837 from the supplement to the program of the Technical College in Nuremberg. The ADB states 1857 as the year of death.
  2. ↑ Ernst Höhne: The Bubenreuther. History of a German fraternity. II., Erlangen 1936, p. 59.
  3. ↑ Scott Johnston: Heroldsberg: Journey into the realm of the giant lizards. In: nordbayern.de. September 14, 2014, accessed April 29, 2019 .
personal data
SURNAME Engelhart, Johann Friedrich Philipp
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German chemist
DATE OF BIRTH February 16, 1797
PLACE OF BIRTH Wildenstein near Crailsheim
DATE OF DEATH June 9, 1837
Place of death Nuremberg