Johann Gottlieb Graun

Johann Gottlieb Graun (* 1703 in Wahrenbrück ; † October 27, 1771 in Berlin ) was a German violinist and composer of the pre-classical period .

Life

Johann Gottlieb Graun received his education between 1713 and 1721 at the Dresden Kreuzschule , although he was matriculated at the University of Leipzig for the years 1718 and 1719. His violin and composition teacher was Johann Georg Pisendel . In 1723 he traveled to Padua , where he stayed "several months" to study with Giuseppe Tartini . He then returned to Dresden and from 1726 had a job at the ducal court in Merseburg. From 1731 he was employed by the Prince of Waldeck in Arolsen for a year and in 1732 joined the Prussian Crown Prince Friedrich in Ruppin with his younger brother Carl Heinrich Graun . In 1736 Friedrich moved to Rheinsberg with his court orchestra, which has now grown to seventeen musicians. In 1740 Friedrich became king, and Graun remained in his service as concertmaster and chamber musician until his death; he was responsible for the strings of the royal opera orchestra.

His most famous violin students were Wilhelm Friedemann Bach and Franz Benda .

His compositions include numerous operas, oratorios, secular and ecclesiastical cantatas, overtures, around 100 symphonies, violin and harpsichord concerts and an extensive range of chamber music. In terms of music history, Graun stands at the transition from the late baroque style to the so-called “ sensitivity ”, for which the composers who wrote for the Mannheim court orchestra or Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach stand for.

reception

In the Bad Liebenwerda district museum , a permanent exhibition provides information about the life and work of the Graun brothers . Also in Bad Liebenwerda there has been an international competition for the Gebrüder Graun Prize every two years since 2003 , and since 2011 it has been linked to a music festival. The music school of the Elbe-Elster district has been called "Gebrüder Graun" district music school since 1994 .

literature

• Moritz Fürstenau :  Graun, Johann Gottlieb . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 9, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1879, p. 606 f.
• Hans Hoffmann The north German trio sonata of the circle around Johann Gottlieb Graun and Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach (dissertation). Kiel: Delivery at WG Mühlau 1927, 188 pages * John Whitfield Grubbs: The sacred vocal Music of the Graun Brothers. A bio-bibliographical study. 2 volumes. University Microfilms, Ann Arbor MI 1972 (Mus. Diss. Univ. Of Calif. 1972).
• Christoph Henzel: Graun catalog raisonné. (GraunWV) (= Ortus Studies. Vol. 1). 2 volumes. Ortus-Musikverlag, Beeskow 2006, ISBN 978-3-937788-02-9 .
• Carl Mennicke: Hasse and the Graun brothers as symphonic orchestras. Along with biographies and thematic catalogs. Breitkopf and Härtel, Leipzig 1906 (Leipzig, Univ., Diss., 1906), (Reprint. Olms et al., Hildesheim 1977, ISBN 3-487-06307-7 ), (Hasse: 86, Carl Heinrich: 32, Johann Gottlieb: 115, including 14 incorrect assignments).
• Ernst Waeltner:  Graun, Johann Gottlieb. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 7, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1966, ISBN 3-428-00188-5 , p. 9 f. ( Digitized version ).
• Matthias Wendt: The trios of the brothers Johann Gottlieb and Carl Heinrich Graun. Bonn 1983 (Bonn, Univ., Diss., 1982), (143, incl. 4 incorrect assignments).
• Monika Willer: The concert form of the brothers Carl Heinrich and Johann Gottlieb Graun (= European university publications. Series 36: Musicology. Vol. 117). Lang, Frankfurt am Main et al. 1995, ISBN 3-631-47014-2 (161, incl. 7 incorrect assignments), (Simultaneously: Bonn, Univ., Diss., 1992).

Web links

• Literature by and about Johann Gottlieb Graun in the catalog of the German National Library
• Sheet music and audio files by J. Graun in the International Music Score Library Project

Individual evidence

1. ↑ GND 118541692 life data: 1702-1771 (year of birth approx., Also 1703 or 1699; imprecise data due to loss of the Wahrenbrück church book due to fire)