Johann Nepomuk von Laicharting

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Johann Nepomuk von Laicharting , also Johann Nepomuk von Laicharding (born February 4, 1754 in Innsbruck , † May 7, 1797 ibid) was an Austrian entomologist and botanist . Its official botanical author's abbreviation is “ Laichard. ".

Hackberry butterfly

Life

Due to the reputation of his father (who was council and road construction director) he was accepted into the Theresian Knight Academy , which he attended from 1763 to 1776. There he was a student of the entomologists Johann Ignaz Schiffermüller and Michael Denis . He then worked in the regional administration of Tyrol as a draftsman and from 1787 as a secretary. He also devoted himself intensively to natural history with the aim of a professorship, which he received in 1792 at the rebuilt University of Innsbruck . Together with Franz Xaver Schöpfer, he campaigned for the establishment of the botanical garden founded in 1793 . In 1797 he died of an epidemic as a result of the Napoleonic Wars.

In his systematics of insects and arthropods, he treaded new paths that differed from those of his contemporaries, represented a step forward compared to them and, according to Thaler, were in part trend-setting. His description of beetles from Tyrol should be the beginning of a description of the entire regional insect fauna. In the 1790s, however, he increasingly turned to botany.

He was one of the first to use genus for genus (at the same time also Johann Karl Wilhelm Illiger ) and he let ordinal names end in -oides .

In Innsbruck in 1781 he was a founding member of a Society of Sciences and he was a member of a Masonic lodge. He carried on an extensive correspondence with specialist colleagues.

His collections have not been preserved; the Laicharding herbarium in the State Museum probably came from his son Anton.

He first described or named among other things the hackberry butterfly Libythea celtis (as Papilio celtis), hieroglyphic check beetle , broad willow leaf beetle , Bodilus ictericus , mountain ladybird , black mountain goat and introduced real crickets (Gryllidae), from which the superfamily Grylloidea arose.

Fonts

  • Directory and description of the Tyrolean insects. Part 1. Beetle-like insects, 2 volumes, Zurich: Johann Caspar Füßly 1781, 1784
  • Vegetabilia europaea in commodum botanicorum per Europam peregrinantium ex systemate plantarum Ca Linné collecta et novis plantis ac descriptionibus adaucta, Innsbruck: J. Trattner, 2 volumes, 1790, 1791
  • Manuale botanicum, sistens plantarum europaearum characteres generum, specierum differentias nec non earum loca natalia, Leipzig: Barth 1794
  • Papilio celtis, Archive for Insect History (von Füßly), Volume 2, 1782, pp. 1-2, Supplement Volume 3, 1783, pp. 1-4

literature

Web links

References and comments

  1. ^ Author entry and list of the described plant names for Johann Nepomuk von Laicharting at the IPNI
  2. ↑ Thaler, Reports Nat.-Med. Innsbruck Association 2003, see literature
personal data
SURNAME Laicharting, Johann Nepomuk von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Laicharding, Johann Nepomuk von; Laichard. (botanical author abbreviation)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian entomologist and botanist
DATE OF BIRTH February 4, 1754
PLACE OF BIRTH innsbruck
DATE OF DEATH May 7, 1797
Place of death innsbruck