Johann Wonnecke von Kaub

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Page from gart der gesuntheit from 1485. The illustration, one of 379 woodcuts, shows a mandrake (mandragora).
"Garden of Health (Hortus Sanitatis) after Johann Wonnecke from Cube / Cuba / Kaub".
Herb garden in the city of Kaub

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Johann Wonnecke von Kaub (* around 1430 in Kaub am Rhein ; † 1503/04 in Frankfurt am Main ), also Johann [es] Dronnecke or Johannes de Cuba (he called himself "Johan von Cube"), was a German doctor and botanists . At the Mainz court he worked as a personal physician. He is the author of a popular herbal book , The Garden of Health .

Life

Wonnecke, born on the Middle Rhine , lived in Augsburg towards the end of the 15th century and in Frankfurt am Main around 1484 . From the winter semester of 1448 he was enrolled in Cologne and from 1451 in Erfurt. In Erfurt he received his Baccalaureus artium in 1453 and then received his doctorate in medicine. He is the author of a medical herbal book commissioned by Bernhard von Breidenbach in 1480 , which was first published in 1484 under the title "Herbarius", later in High German as Ortus sanitatis, in German a garden of health etc. in Mainz 1485, later also in Low German as "Der Ghenocklicke Gharde der Suntheit" (or Gaerde der suntheit. Hortus sanitatis ) in Lübeck in 1492 and even, translated by the Lübeck doctor Nicolaus Bulow under the Moscow Grand Duke Vasily III. (1505–1533), published in Russian. The book was later published in numerous editions and third editors. These contain messages that Wonnecke received from a companion on Breidenbach's expedition to the Orient between 1483 and 1484.

The influential script, of which there were 15 prints by the end of the Middle Ages, is of great historical importance due to the rarity of the corresponding medical and botanical works at that time.

Work editions

  • Ortus sanitatis. Peter Schöffer , Mainz 1485; Facsimile reprint Munich 1966.
  • This is de genochlike guard of suntheyt. to latine Ortulus sanitatis edder Herbarius gen [oe] met dar me ynne vindet alle arth nature vñ eghenschop d ́krudere vnde der eddelen stene. Dorch welkerer strengthens vñ d [oe] get de krancke healthy vñ de ghesunde minsche before krãkheyt be guarded mach. Jtẽ wo mẽ des minschẽ water beseen vñ right right scarf. Jtẽ yn dem̃ ende desses bokes vindestu eyn register dat dy behendichliken na wiset wor eyn yewelk krut saet sap vnde eddel steen gud edder scheddelick to ys. Lübeck 1520 ( digitized version )
  • Hortus Sanitatis. Matthias Biener (print), Strasbourg 1536 (Trustees of British Museum, London).

Honors

The plant genus Cuba Scop is named after Wonnecke . and Cubaea Schreb. from the legume family (Fabaceae).

See also

literature

  • August Hirsch:  Cuba, Johannes von . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 4, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1876, p. 637.
  • Helmut Dolezal:  Cuba, Johannes von. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 3, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1957, ISBN 3-428-00184-2 , p. 435 f. ( Digitized version ).
  • Gundolf Keil : Garden of Health. In: Author's Lexicon , 2nd edition. Volume 2, 1980, Col. 1072-1092.
  • Gundolf Keil: 'Gart', 'Herbarius', 'Hortus'. Notes on the oldest herbal book incunabula. In: Gundolf Keil (ed.): Gelêrter der arzenîe, ouch apotêker ": Contributions to the history of science. Festschrift for the 70th birthday of Willem F. Daems. Pattensen near Hanover 1982 (= Würzburg medical-historical research. Volume 24), now at Königshausen & Neumann, Würzburg, ISBN 3-921456-35-5 , pp. 589-635, pp. 595 ff.
  • Gundolf Keil: Johann Wonnecke (Dronnecke) von Kaub (J. de Cuba) (Wonnecke, Johann, von Caub). In: Werner E. Gerabek , Bernhard D. Haage, Gundolf Keil, Wolfgang Wegner (eds.): Enzyklopädie Medizingeschichte. De Gruyter, Berlin / New York 2005, ISBN 3-11-015714-4 , pp. 700 f.

Web links

Commons : Johann Wonnecke von Kaub  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Gundolf Keil: Johann Wonnecke (Dronnecke) von Kaub. In: Encyclopedia of Medical History. 2005, p. 700 f .; here: p. 700.
  2. ^ Gundolf Keil: Johann Wonnecke (Dronnecke) von Kaub. In: Encyclopedia of Medical History. 2005, p. 700.
  3. ^ Hortus sanitatis deutsch , Mainz (with Peter Schöffer ) 1485, new prints Munich 1924 and 1966
  4. ^ Aloys Henning: Medical knowledge creation in Russia before 1800: The proportion of German-speaking doctors. In: Würzburger medical history reports 23, 2004, pp. 428–435; here: p. 428.
  5. ↑ Kreuterbuch ... by Adamo Lonicero , ed. by Peter Uffenbach, Frankfurt am Main 1557 u.ö.
  6. ↑ Gundolf Keil, Christine Wolf: The leading herb book as a transporter: Old German specialist prose in Johann WONNECKES 'Gart'. In: Ingrid Kästner et al. (Ed.): Exploring, collecting, noting and communicating - science in the luggage of traders, diplomats and missionaries. Aachen 2014 (= European Science Relations. Volume 7), pp. 37–74.
  7. ↑ Lotte Burkhardt: Directory of eponymous plant names . Extended Edition. Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin, Free University Berlin Berlin 2018. [1]
personal data
SURNAME Wonnecke from Kaub, Johann
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Dronnecke, J .; Cuba, Johannes de; Dronnecke, Johann; Dronnecke, Johannes
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German doctor and botanist
DATE OF BIRTH around 1430
DATE OF DEATH 1503 or 1504