Johanna Oppenheimer

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Johanna Oppenheimer (born July 17, 1872 in Frankfurt am Main ; died December 23, 1942 in the Theresienstadt ghetto ) was a German painter.

Life

Oppenheimer came from a middle-class family who had lived in Würzburg since 1875 . Her parents were the privateer Adolf Oppenheimer (December 30, 1832 to April 17, 1904) and his wife Recha (born in Hamburg, June 20, 1844 to August 16, 1921). Her sister Klara (June 10, 1869 to 1943) attended the teachers' college and studied medicine after women were admitted to medical school.

Sister Cäcilie with her daughter Edith
Stolperstein in Schöngeising in memory of Johanna Oppenheimer

In 1900 Oppenheimer moved to Munich. She attended the painting school of the female artists' association and was a student of Heinrich Knirr . There she found connection to the Schwabing bohemian tradition. In 1910 she became a freelance artist. Her painting style was based on the French impressionists.

From 1919 she lived and worked in a rural idyll in Schöngeising , where she and her friend, the singer Else Hoffmann, had a villa built in which she set up a studio. After the transfer of power to the National Socialists in 1933, she was no longer allowed to practice her profession. From 1941 on she did not leave the house for fear of attacks in the village.

On March 29, 1942, she was deported to the Milbertshofen assembly camp and from there to the Theresienstadt ghetto on June 17, 1942 , where she fell ill with dysentery due to the conditions in which she was detained and died on Christmas day.

In 2013 a stumbling block was laid in Schöngeising . A street in Schöngeising was named after her.

Exhibitions (selection)

The extensive oeuvre has been lost except for a few pictures.

  • June 15 to September 30, 1921: Free art exhibition in Munich's Glaspalast (oil painting, nude in the mirror and lute player )
  • October 8, 1998 to January 31, 1999: Johanna Oppenheimer - the fate and work of a Jewish painter. Exhibition Stadtmuseum Fürstenfeldbruck, 1998.

literature

  • Oppenheimer, Johanna . In: Hans Vollmer (Hrsg.): General lexicon of fine artists from antiquity to the present . Founded by Ulrich Thieme and Felix Becker . tape 26 : Olivier – Pieris . EA Seemann, Leipzig 1932, p. 30 .
  • Angelika Mundorff (Ed.): Johanna Oppenheimer 1872–1942. The fate and work of a Jewish painter. 1998, ISBN 3-9805621-3-1 (catalog for the exhibition of the same name in the Fürstenfeldbruck city museum).
  • Katja Behling, Anke Manigold: The painting women. Intrepid female artists around 1900. Elisabeth Sandmann, Munich 2009, pp. 97–99.
  • Manfred Amann: Schöngeising pays tribute to concentration camp victims. In: Süddeutsche Zeitung . August 29, 2013 ( sueddeutsche.de ).
  • Ilka Wonschik: "It was probably a different star we lived on ...": Artists in Theresienstadt. Hentrich & Hentrich, Berlin 2014, ISBN 978-3-95565-026-1 .
  • Manfred Amann: Schöngeising pays tribute to concentration camp victims. A stumbling block will remind us of the deportation of the Jewish painter Johanna Oppenheimer in 1942. In: Süddeutsche Zeitung. August 29, 2013 ( sueddeutsche.de ).

Web links

Commons : Johanna Oppenheimer  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Reiner Strätz: Oppenheimer, Adolf (originally Aron). In: Biographisches Handbuch Würzburg Jews 1900–1945. P. 424 ( uni-wuerzburg.de ).
  2. ↑ Werner Dettelbacher : Dr. Klara Oppenheimer - the first established pediatrician in Würzburg. In: Würzburg medical history reports. Volume 21, 2002, pp. 43-48.
  3. ^ Johanna Oppenheimer , at holocaust.cz.
  4. ^ Kassian straw: A rocky road. In: Süddeutsche Zeitung . June 28, 2015 (with photo, sueddeutsche.de ).
  5. ^ Strassen-in-Deutschland.de
  6. ^ Eva von Seckendorff: Johanna Oppenheimer (1872-1942): Fate and Work of a Jewish Painter. In: Amperland . 35, 1999 pp. 97-106.
personal data
SURNAME Oppenheimer, Johanna
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German painter
DATE OF BIRTH July 17, 1872
PLACE OF BIRTH Frankfurt am Main
DATE OF DEATH December 23, 1942
Place of death Theresienstadt ghetto