Johannes Asanes

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Johannes Asanes Palaiologos ( Middle Greek Ιωάννης Ἀσάνης Παλαιολόγος ; † after 1358) was a Byzantine military leader and provincial governor under the emperors John VI. Kantakuzenos and Matthaios Asanes Kantakuzenos .

Life

Johannes was a member of the Byzantine branch of the Bulgarian ruling family Assen (Greek Asanes ). Through his father Andronikos Asanes he was a grandson of Tsar Ivan Assen III. (1279-1280) and Irene Palaiologina . He had an older brother, Manuel Komnenos Raul Asanes ; his sister Irene Asanina had been the wife of the future emperor John VI since 1320. Kantakuzenos.

Little is known about Johannes' childhood and youth, but he and his siblings must have grown up and brought up close to the Byzantine imperial court. In 1337 he became part of the conspiracy against Emperor Andronikos III. Palaiologos accused and Thracian Bera detained.

When the Byzantine Civil War broke out (1341), Johannes Asanes was on the side of his brother-in-law John VI, who got him out of prison and hired him as a military leader. In 1342 he occupied Melnik , where he served as governor until he was replaced by Hrelja . In 1343 he was governor of the Morrha region on the central Mesta in the Rhodope Mountains , but was soon ousted there by the Bulgarian warlord Momchil . In the battle of Peritheorion (near Xanthi ) on July 7, 1345 Johannes Asen was involved as leader of the heavy cavalry in the final suppression of Momchil.

When John VI. on March 31, 1347 took over the power of government in Constantinople , he awarded his brother-in-law the high court dignity of a sebastocrator . In the same year Johannes Asanes married a daughter of Megas Dux Alexios Apokaukos , who until his death in 1345 was the fiercest opponent of John VI. had been in the civil war. Subsequently, he served his son and co-regent Matthaios Asanes Kantakuzenos, whom he persuaded to seek imperial rule. In 1350 he officiated as governor of Constantinople.

After the deposition of John VI. In December 1354 Johannes Asanes turned away from Matthaios, who continued the war for the imperial throne from Thrace , and joined his rival John V , who promoted him to despot and made governor ( archon ) of Peritheorion. The time of his death is unknown, but to be set after 1358.

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literature

  • Catherine Asdracha: Les Rhodopes au XIVe siècle. In: Revue des études byzantines. Vol. 34, 1976, ISSN  0766-5598 , pp. 175-209, here: pp. 195-198.
  • Mark C. Bartusis: The Late Byzantine Army: Arms and Society 1204-1453. University of Pennsylvania Press, Philadelphia PA 1997, ISBN 0-8122-1620-2 .
  • Hans-Veit Beyer: Personal investigation into a late Byzantine pamphlet. In: Wolfram Hörandner [Hrsg.], Johannes Koder , Otto Kresten : Byzantios. Festschrift for Herbert Hunger on his 70th birthday. E. Becvar, Vienna 1984, ISBN 3-900538-04-2 , pp. 13-26, here: pp. 16 f., 26.
  • Иван Божилов: Фамилията на Асеневци (1186–1460). Генеалогия и просопография. Българска академия на науките, София 1985, ISBN 954-430-264-6 , pp. 295–301, 472–476.
  • Божидар Ферјанчић: Деспоти у Византији и Јужнословенским земљама (= Посебна издања . Vol. 336; Византолошки институт Vol. 8.). Српска академија наука и уметности, Београд 1960, pp. 46–47.
  • Божидар Ферјанчић: Севастократори у Византији . In: Зборник радова Византолошког института . Vol. 11, 1968, ISSN  0584-9888 , pp. 141-192 ( PDF file; 4.0 MB ), here: p. 186.
  • John Van Antwerp Fine: The Late Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Late Twelfth Century to the Ottoman Conquest. University of Michigan, Ann Arbor MI 1994, ISBN 0-472-08260-4 .
  • Herbert Hunger : Anonymous pamphlet against a Byzantine "Mafia" . In: Revue des études sud-est européennes. Vol. 7, 1969, ISSN  0035-2063 , pp. 95-107, here: pp. 96, 101-102.
  • Paul Lemerle : L'Émirat d'Aydin, Byzance et l'Occident. Research on the "Geste d'Umur Pacha" (= Bibliothèque Byzantine. Études 2). Presses Universitaires de France, Paris 1957, pp. 148-174 passim .
  • Ruth Macrides, Joseph A. Munitiz, Dimiter Angelov: Pseudo-Kodinos and the Constantinopolitan Court: Offices and Ceremonies (= Birmingham Byzantine and Ottoman Studies . Vol. 15). Ashgate, Farnham 2013, ISBN 978-0-7546-6752-0 , pp. 18, 432.
  • Klaus-Peter Matschke: Role and tasks of the governor of Constantinople in the time of the palaeologists. In: Byzantinobulgarica. Vol. 3, 1969, ISSN  0204-9864 , pp. 81-101.
  • Donald M. Nicol : The Byzantine family of Kantakouzenos (Cantacuzenus) approx. 1100-1460. A genealogical and prosopographical study (= Dumbarton Oaks Studies. Vol. 11). Dumbarton Oaks Center for Byzantine Studies, Washington DC 1968, pp. 49-68 passim , 104, 109-110.
  • Erich Trapp : Contributions to the genealogy of the Asanen in Byzantium. In: Yearbook of Austrian Byzantine Studies . Vol. 25, 1976, pp. 163-177, here: pp. 168, 177.
  • Erich Trapp, Hans-Veit Beyer, Ioannes G. Leontiades: Prosopographisches Lexikon der Palaiologenzeit . Addenda and Corrigenda to fascicles 1–8 (= publications of the Commission for Byzantine Studies. Vol. 1 / 1–8 Add.). Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna 1988, ISBN 3-7001-1462-1 , p. 37 No. 91373.
  • Erich Trapp, Rainer Walther, Hans-Veit Beyer: Prosopographisches Lexikon der Palaiologenzeit. 1. Fascicle: Ἀαρών - Ἀψαρᾶς (= publications of the Commission for Byzantine Studies . Vol. 1/1). Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna 1976, ISBN 3-7001-0169-4 , p. 140 No. 1499.

Web links

Remarks

  1. ↑ See PLP 1, p. 140.
  2. ↑ See Fine, Late Medieval Balkans , p. 303.
  3. ↑ See Bartusis, The Late Byzantine Army , p. 256.
  4. ↑ See PLP Add. 1-8, p. 37.
  5. ↑ Cf. Matschke, Rolle and Tasks , pp. 84, 98 f.
  6. ↑ See PLP Add. 1-8, p. 37.
personal data
SURNAME Johannes Asanes
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Johannes Asanes Palaiologos (full name); Ιωάννης Ἀσάνης Παλαιολόγος (Middle Greek)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Byzantine despot, military leader and provincial governor, brother-in-law of Emperor John VI. Kantakuzenos
DATE OF BIRTH before 1337
DATE OF DEATH after 1358