Johannes Volkelt

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Johannes Volkelt

Johannes Volkelt (born July 21, 1848 in Kunzendorf ( Lipnik ) near Biala ( Galicia ), † May 8, 1930 in Leipzig ) was a German philosopher .

Life

He studied in Vienna, Jena and Leipzig. He submitted his dissertation in Jena in 1876 and became a professor there in 1879. From 1883 to 1889 he worked in Basel and from 1889 in Würzburg. From 1894 to 1921 he taught in Leipzig. Since 1910 he was a full member of the Saxon Academy of Sciences .

Teaching

Johannes Volkelt was influenced in his teaching by Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel , Arthur Schopenhauer , Eduard von Hartmann , Immanuel Kant and David Hume . He wanted to set up a critical metaphysics and therefore combine metaphysics with a skeptical-critical approach. He introduced numerous psychological arguments into his theory.

Kant is usually named as the founder of epistemology in the modern sense of the word. Against this view it can be objected that the history of philosophy before Kant shows numerous investigations which are to be viewed as more than mere seeds of such a science. In his fundamental work on epistemology, Volkelt remarked that the critical treatment of this science began with John Locke . But even with even earlier philosophers, even in the philosophy of the Greeks, there are discussions that are currently employed in epistemology. Meanwhile, all the problems under consideration here have been stirred up in their depths by Kant, and following on from him numerous thinkers have worked through them in such a way that one finds the earlier attempts at a solution either in Kant himself or in his epigones.

Grave of Johannes Volkelt and relatives in the south cemetery in Leipzig

Volkelt distinguished between an epistemological and a psychological a priori . On the epistemological a priori he writes:

“By the former is to be understood the indubitable fact that the peculiar functions of thinking are not given by experience; that is, that thinking accomplishes achievements to which experience as such does not justify, of which it would never be capable on the mere basis of experience. [Experience and thinking. 1886, 494] "

Regarding the psychological a priori, it says: What is decisive is that one "appearance is decisive, authoritative for another". [Volkelt, Johannes: experience and thinking. 1886, 89] Causality is the “unchangeable regularity in the connection of two factors or factor complexes”.

Volkelt has dealt with aesthetics in several works.

Works

  • Pantheism and individualism. 1871
  • The unconscious and pessimism. 1872
  • The dream fantasy. 1875
  • The symbolic term in the latest aesthetics. 1876.
  • Immanuel Kant's epistemology analyzed according to its basic principles. Leipzig 1879
  • About the possibility of metaphysics. 1884
  • Experience and thinking. Critical foundation of epistemology. Hamburg and Leipzig 1886
  • Franz Grillparzer as a poet of the tragic. 1888
  • Lectures to introduce contemporary philosophy. 1892
  • Psychological issues. 1893.
  • Aesthetic time issues. 1894
  • Aesthetics of the tragic. 1897, 21906
  • On the psychology of aesthetic animation, 1899
  • Arthur Schopenhauer. His personality, his teaching, his belief. 1900
  • The art of individualization in d. Seal by Jean Paul, Haym-Festschrift, 1902
  • The developmental Approach in d. Aesthetics, 1902
  • System of Aesthetics, 3 volumes: I 1905, II 1910, III 1912
  • The sources of human certainty. 1906
  • Between poetry and philosophy, collected essays. 1908
  • Certainty and Truth, Munich 1918
  • Phenomenology and Metaphysics of the Time 1928

literature

  • Gottfried Gabriel : Volkelt , in: Jürgen Mittelstraß (Hrsg.): Encyclopedia Philosophy and Philosophy of Science. 2nd Edition. Volume 8: Th - Z. Stuttgart, Metzler 2018, ISBN 978-3-476-02107-6 , p. 344 (lexicon article with literature and detailed catalog of works).
  • Felix Krueger: Nekrolog on Johannes Volkelt. Leipzig 1930.
  • Ernst Bermann (Ed.): Festschrift for Johannes Volkelt on his 70th birthday. Munich, CH Beck'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung Oskar Beck 1918
  • Thomas Neumann: certainty and skepticism. Studies on the philosophy of Johannes Volkelt. Amsterdam 1978
  • Raimund Schmidt (Hrsg., Einf.): The German philosophy of the present in self-portrayals. First volume: Paul Barth / Erich Becher / Hans Driesch / Karl Joël / Alexius Meinong / Paul Natorp / Johannes Rehmke / Johannes Volkelt, published by Felix Meiner, Leipzig 1921

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Members of the SAW: Johannes Volkelt. Saxon Academy of Sciences, accessed December 10, 2016 .

Web links

Another source

Johannes Volkelt's estate in the Research Archive for the History of Psychology (PGFA) at the Distance University in Hagen

personal data
SURNAME Volkelt, Johannes
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German philosopher and university professor
DATE OF BIRTH July 21, 1848
PLACE OF BIRTH Lipnik (Bielsko-Biała)
DATE OF DEATH May 8, 1930
Place of death Leipzig